portage biod 210 genetics module 5 vocab Exam 2025/2026 Questions With Completed Solutions.

portage biod 210 genetics module 5 vocab

purine
a nitrogenous base that has a double-ring structure; one of the two general categories of
nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA; either adenine or guanine


pyrimidine
a nitrogenous base that has a single-ring structure; one of the two general categories of
nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA; thymine, cytosine, or uracil


nucleoside
nitrogenous base is attached only to a sugar


nucleotide
when a nitrogenous base is attached to a sugar and phosphate


phosphodiester bond
linkage via the joining of one phosphate group to two sugars


oligonucleotide
thirty link nucleotides


polynucleotides
long nucleotide chains


antiparallel
two chains run in opposite directions


complementary
A and T and C and G


hydrophobic
water hating

, hydrophilic
water loving


ribosomes
stud the surface of the Er and serve as a worktable for the cellular machinery of protein
translation




semiconservative replication
mixing and old and new strand


replication fork
chromosomal location where DNA replication starts


origin of replication
where replication fork first appears


DNA polymerase
Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule


primer
existing DNA strand


DNA polymerase III
synthesizes new DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction


origin recognition complex
six-protein complex marks the site replication can originate


prereplication complex
road sign for the DNA polymerase to start synthesis