A COMPLETE SET OF BKAT TEST QUESTIONS ACCOMPANIED BY FULLY
VALIDATED AND GUARANTEED CORRECT ANSWERS
300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. What is the normal range for adult heart rate? Answer: 60-100 beats
per minute
2. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs? Answer: Right
ventricle
3. What is the normal blood pressure range for adults? Answer: Less
than 120/80 mmHg
4. Which medication is commonly used for acute chest pain? Answer:
Nitroglycerin
5. What does an elevated troponin level indicate? Answer: Myocardial
injury/heart attack
6. Which lead placement is used for continuous cardiac monitoring?
Answer: Lead II
7. What is the first-line treatment for ventricular fibrillation? Answer:
Defibrillation
8. Which valve prevents backflow from the aorta to the left ventricle?
Answer: Aortic valve
9. What is the therapeutic range for warfarin (INR)? Answer: 2.0-3.0
10.Which artery is most commonly used for arterial blood gas
sampling? Answer: Radial artery
11.What is the normal central venous pressure (CVP) range? Answer: 2-
8 mmHg
12.Which medication blocks beta-adrenergic receptors? Answer:
Metoprolol (or any beta-blocker)
,13.What is the most common cause of heart failure? Answer: Coronary
artery disease
14.Which electrolyte imbalance can cause cardiac arrhythmias? Answer:
Potassium (hypokalemia or hyperkalemia)
15.What is the normal ejection fraction percentage? Answer: 55-70%
16.Which medication is an ACE inhibitor? Answer: Lisinopril (or any
ACE inhibitor)
17.What does ST elevation on an ECG indicate? Answer: STEMI (ST-
elevation myocardial infarction)
18.Which procedure opens blocked coronary arteries? Answer:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or angioplasty
19.What is the normal cardiac output range? Answer: 4-8 L/min
20.Which medication is used for atrial fibrillation rate control? Answer:
Diltiazem or metoprolol
21.What is pulsus paradoxus? Answer: Drop in systolic BP >10 mmHg
during inspiration
22.Which heart sound indicates ventricular gallop? Answer: S3
23.What is the most common site for peripheral pulse assessment?
Answer: Radial pulse
24.Which medication can cause hyperkalemia? Answer: ACE inhibitors
or ARBs
25.What is the normal PR interval on ECG? Answer: 0.12-0.20 seconds
26.Which condition causes jugular venous distention? Answer: Right
heart failure
27.What is the antidote for heparin overdose? Answer: Protamine sulfate
28.Which arrhythmia is characterized by absence of P waves? Answer:
Atrial fibrillation
29.What is the normal QRS duration? Answer: Less than 0.12 seconds
30.Which medication is contraindicated in cardiogenic shock? Answer:
Beta-blockers
, 31.What does a positive D-dimer suggest? Answer: Possible
thromboembolism
32.Which valve is most commonly affected by rheumatic heart disease?
Answer: Mitral valve
33.What is the target LDL cholesterol level for cardiac patients?
Answer: Less than 70 mg/dL
34.Which medication reduces preload? Answer: Nitroglycerin
35.What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death? Answer:
Ventricular fibrillation
36.Which electrolyte affects cardiac contractility? Answer: Calcium
37.What is the normal mixed venous oxygen saturation? Answer: 60-
80%
38.Which medication is used for hypertensive emergency? Answer:
Nicardipine or clevidipine
39.What does clubbing of fingers indicate in cardiac patients? Answer:
Chronic hypoxemia
40.Which diagnostic test confirms pulmonary embolism? Answer: CT
pulmonary angiogram (CTPA)
Respiratory System (Questions 41-80)
41.What is the normal respiratory rate for adults? Answer: 12-20 breaths
per minute
42.Which gas makes up the largest percentage of room air? Answer:
Nitrogen (78%)
43.What is the normal oxygen saturation range? Answer: 95-100%
44.Which medication opens bronchial airways? Answer: Albuterol
(bronchodilator)
45.What is the normal arterial blood pH range? Answer: 7.35-7.45
46.Which condition is characterized by barrel chest? Answer: COPD
(emphysema)
47.What is the antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression?
Answer: Naloxone (Narcan)
VALIDATED AND GUARANTEED CORRECT ANSWERS
300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. What is the normal range for adult heart rate? Answer: 60-100 beats
per minute
2. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs? Answer: Right
ventricle
3. What is the normal blood pressure range for adults? Answer: Less
than 120/80 mmHg
4. Which medication is commonly used for acute chest pain? Answer:
Nitroglycerin
5. What does an elevated troponin level indicate? Answer: Myocardial
injury/heart attack
6. Which lead placement is used for continuous cardiac monitoring?
Answer: Lead II
7. What is the first-line treatment for ventricular fibrillation? Answer:
Defibrillation
8. Which valve prevents backflow from the aorta to the left ventricle?
Answer: Aortic valve
9. What is the therapeutic range for warfarin (INR)? Answer: 2.0-3.0
10.Which artery is most commonly used for arterial blood gas
sampling? Answer: Radial artery
11.What is the normal central venous pressure (CVP) range? Answer: 2-
8 mmHg
12.Which medication blocks beta-adrenergic receptors? Answer:
Metoprolol (or any beta-blocker)
,13.What is the most common cause of heart failure? Answer: Coronary
artery disease
14.Which electrolyte imbalance can cause cardiac arrhythmias? Answer:
Potassium (hypokalemia or hyperkalemia)
15.What is the normal ejection fraction percentage? Answer: 55-70%
16.Which medication is an ACE inhibitor? Answer: Lisinopril (or any
ACE inhibitor)
17.What does ST elevation on an ECG indicate? Answer: STEMI (ST-
elevation myocardial infarction)
18.Which procedure opens blocked coronary arteries? Answer:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or angioplasty
19.What is the normal cardiac output range? Answer: 4-8 L/min
20.Which medication is used for atrial fibrillation rate control? Answer:
Diltiazem or metoprolol
21.What is pulsus paradoxus? Answer: Drop in systolic BP >10 mmHg
during inspiration
22.Which heart sound indicates ventricular gallop? Answer: S3
23.What is the most common site for peripheral pulse assessment?
Answer: Radial pulse
24.Which medication can cause hyperkalemia? Answer: ACE inhibitors
or ARBs
25.What is the normal PR interval on ECG? Answer: 0.12-0.20 seconds
26.Which condition causes jugular venous distention? Answer: Right
heart failure
27.What is the antidote for heparin overdose? Answer: Protamine sulfate
28.Which arrhythmia is characterized by absence of P waves? Answer:
Atrial fibrillation
29.What is the normal QRS duration? Answer: Less than 0.12 seconds
30.Which medication is contraindicated in cardiogenic shock? Answer:
Beta-blockers
, 31.What does a positive D-dimer suggest? Answer: Possible
thromboembolism
32.Which valve is most commonly affected by rheumatic heart disease?
Answer: Mitral valve
33.What is the target LDL cholesterol level for cardiac patients?
Answer: Less than 70 mg/dL
34.Which medication reduces preload? Answer: Nitroglycerin
35.What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death? Answer:
Ventricular fibrillation
36.Which electrolyte affects cardiac contractility? Answer: Calcium
37.What is the normal mixed venous oxygen saturation? Answer: 60-
80%
38.Which medication is used for hypertensive emergency? Answer:
Nicardipine or clevidipine
39.What does clubbing of fingers indicate in cardiac patients? Answer:
Chronic hypoxemia
40.Which diagnostic test confirms pulmonary embolism? Answer: CT
pulmonary angiogram (CTPA)
Respiratory System (Questions 41-80)
41.What is the normal respiratory rate for adults? Answer: 12-20 breaths
per minute
42.Which gas makes up the largest percentage of room air? Answer:
Nitrogen (78%)
43.What is the normal oxygen saturation range? Answer: 95-100%
44.Which medication opens bronchial airways? Answer: Albuterol
(bronchodilator)
45.What is the normal arterial blood pH range? Answer: 7.35-7.45
46.Which condition is characterized by barrel chest? Answer: COPD
(emphysema)
47.What is the antidote for opioid-induced respiratory depression?
Answer: Naloxone (Narcan)
