HST 140 Final Exam Review (updated)
questions and answers already passed
Mauryan Empire - correct answer ✔✔(321-185 BCE) This was the first centralized empire of
India whose founder was Chandragupta Maurya.
Qin Dynasty - correct answer ✔✔(221-207 BCE) The first centralized dynasty of China that used
Legalism as its base of belief.
King Zheng - correct answer ✔✔First Emperor of Qin Dynasty, declared himself Shi Huangdi or
"First August Emperor" in 221 BCE.
Sima Qian - correct answer ✔✔Famous Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty. He is
considered the father of Chinese historiography
Ban Zhao - correct answer ✔✔A major female Confucian author of Han dynasty China (45-116
C.E.) whose works give insight into the implication of Confucian thinking for women.
Xiongnu - correct answer ✔✔A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest
frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off
these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in the 1st Century.
Punic Wars - correct answer ✔✔A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146
B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western
Mediterranean.
Julius Caesar - correct answer ✔✔Part of the first triumvirate and eventually became "emperor
for life". Chose not to conquer Germany. Was assassinated by fellow senators in 44 B.C.E.
,Augustus - correct answer ✔✔(63 BCE - 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE - 14 CE) He
restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to
Julius Caesar.
Pax Romana - correct answer ✔✔A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman
Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.
Josephus - correct answer ✔✔A first-century Jewish historian, appointed court historian by the
Roman emperor Vespasian, whose works The Jewish War and The Antiquities of the Jews are
principal resources for information about life in first-century Palestine.
Faxian and Xuanzang - correct answer ✔✔The most notable pilgrims to visit the land of the
Buddha and take notes on it. Xuanzang was world-famous for his sixteen-year pilgrimage to
India and his career as a translator of Buddhist scriptures. Faxian was a Chinese Buddhist monk
and translator who traveled by foot from Ancient China to Ancient India, visiting many sacred
Buddhist sites in Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia between 399-412.
Gupta Empire - correct answer ✔✔(320-550 CE) The decentralized empire that emerged after
the Mauryan Empire, and whose founder is Chandra Gupta.
Teotihuacan - correct answer ✔✔A powerful city-state in central Mexico (100-75 C.E.). Its
population was about 150,000 at its peak in 600.
Mayans - correct answer ✔✔1500 B.C. to 900 A.D. This is the most advanced civilization of the
time in the Western Hemisphere. Famous for its awe-inspiring temples, pyramids and cities. A
complex social and political order.
Mecca - correct answer ✔✔City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and
ritual center of the Islamic religion.
, Medina - correct answer ✔✔City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his
followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca.
Five Pillars of Islam - correct answer ✔✔Declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and
pilgrimage
Rightly guided Caliphs - correct answer ✔✔The first four rulers of the Islamic world (632-661)
after the death of Muhammad.
Sunni - correct answer ✔✔A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs
as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Shia - correct answer ✔✔the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his
descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Sufi - correct answer ✔✔The branch of Islam that believes in a more mystical connection with
Allah.
Umayyad - correct answer ✔✔A Muslim dynasty that ruled the Islamic world from AD 660 (or
661) to 750 and Moorish Spain from 756 to 1031. The dynasty claimed descent from Umayya, a
distant relative of Muhammad.
Abbasid - correct answer ✔✔Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam;
came to power in 750 C.E.
Quran - correct answer ✔✔the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet
Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina
Ulama - correct answer ✔✔The theologians and legal experts of Islam. Best known as the
arbiters of sharia law.
questions and answers already passed
Mauryan Empire - correct answer ✔✔(321-185 BCE) This was the first centralized empire of
India whose founder was Chandragupta Maurya.
Qin Dynasty - correct answer ✔✔(221-207 BCE) The first centralized dynasty of China that used
Legalism as its base of belief.
King Zheng - correct answer ✔✔First Emperor of Qin Dynasty, declared himself Shi Huangdi or
"First August Emperor" in 221 BCE.
Sima Qian - correct answer ✔✔Famous Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty. He is
considered the father of Chinese historiography
Ban Zhao - correct answer ✔✔A major female Confucian author of Han dynasty China (45-116
C.E.) whose works give insight into the implication of Confucian thinking for women.
Xiongnu - correct answer ✔✔A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest
frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off
these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in the 1st Century.
Punic Wars - correct answer ✔✔A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146
B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western
Mediterranean.
Julius Caesar - correct answer ✔✔Part of the first triumvirate and eventually became "emperor
for life". Chose not to conquer Germany. Was assassinated by fellow senators in 44 B.C.E.
,Augustus - correct answer ✔✔(63 BCE - 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE - 14 CE) He
restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to
Julius Caesar.
Pax Romana - correct answer ✔✔A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman
Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.
Josephus - correct answer ✔✔A first-century Jewish historian, appointed court historian by the
Roman emperor Vespasian, whose works The Jewish War and The Antiquities of the Jews are
principal resources for information about life in first-century Palestine.
Faxian and Xuanzang - correct answer ✔✔The most notable pilgrims to visit the land of the
Buddha and take notes on it. Xuanzang was world-famous for his sixteen-year pilgrimage to
India and his career as a translator of Buddhist scriptures. Faxian was a Chinese Buddhist monk
and translator who traveled by foot from Ancient China to Ancient India, visiting many sacred
Buddhist sites in Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia between 399-412.
Gupta Empire - correct answer ✔✔(320-550 CE) The decentralized empire that emerged after
the Mauryan Empire, and whose founder is Chandra Gupta.
Teotihuacan - correct answer ✔✔A powerful city-state in central Mexico (100-75 C.E.). Its
population was about 150,000 at its peak in 600.
Mayans - correct answer ✔✔1500 B.C. to 900 A.D. This is the most advanced civilization of the
time in the Western Hemisphere. Famous for its awe-inspiring temples, pyramids and cities. A
complex social and political order.
Mecca - correct answer ✔✔City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and
ritual center of the Islamic religion.
, Medina - correct answer ✔✔City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his
followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca.
Five Pillars of Islam - correct answer ✔✔Declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and
pilgrimage
Rightly guided Caliphs - correct answer ✔✔The first four rulers of the Islamic world (632-661)
after the death of Muhammad.
Sunni - correct answer ✔✔A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs
as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Shia - correct answer ✔✔the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his
descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Sufi - correct answer ✔✔The branch of Islam that believes in a more mystical connection with
Allah.
Umayyad - correct answer ✔✔A Muslim dynasty that ruled the Islamic world from AD 660 (or
661) to 750 and Moorish Spain from 756 to 1031. The dynasty claimed descent from Umayya, a
distant relative of Muhammad.
Abbasid - correct answer ✔✔Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam;
came to power in 750 C.E.
Quran - correct answer ✔✔the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet
Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina
Ulama - correct answer ✔✔The theologians and legal experts of Islam. Best known as the
arbiters of sharia law.
