HEC EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Hypothermia temp - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅36.1 and below
Hyperthermia temp - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅37.7 and above
Normothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅37.0 or 36.2 and 37.6
Thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The process of maintaining the core body temp at a
nearly constant value
Assessment - hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Initial assessment: shivering and
vasoconstriction PROGRESSES TO eventual assessment: vasodilation and accelerated loss of body heat
- Low temp PR, RR, BP
- Pale/cool skin
- Dysrhythmias
- Rigdid muscles and shivering
- Impaired cognition and poor coordination
Assessment - severe hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypotension and CV collapse
Primary prevention for thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Avoid exposure to temp
extremes, maintain the optimal ambient temp in home, dress appropriately, engage in physical activity
appropriate to temp conditions.
Malignant hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Condition associated with surgery (triggered by
general anesthesia)
Tertiary prevention for thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Identify underlying cause (core
temp, age, overall pt condition), goal is to bring body temp to normal temp before long term effects
occur.
, Intervention - hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Remove person from cold
- Core temp must be increased slowly to minimize risk of arrhythmias' cardiac monitoring
- External warming (warming blankets, dry clothes, warm oral fluids, exercise, cool to warm bath -
NEVER HOT)
Internal warming (core warming = NG tube, warm IV fluids, warm lavage, breathe in warm O2, blood
warming bypass machine).
Intervention - hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Remove excess clothing
- External cooling. (Cool clothes, ice packs, drink cold fluids, put AC on)
- Internal cooling (antipyretic drug, cool IV, cool lavage)
Hypothermia in Newborn - What are some methods of heat production? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-
Restlessness
- Crying
- Flexion
- Increase in metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
- Brown fat (burned to generate heat/non-shivering)
These methods use oxygen and glucose as fuel
Normal heart rate and BP for a newborn - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅between 120-160 for HR
BP = 60-80/40-50
Hypothermia in newborn - risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Born earlier than 40 weeks
- Less brown fat
- Extended extremities
- Brain temp control is not as developed
- Think layer of subcutaneous fat
Hypothermia temp - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅36.1 and below
Hyperthermia temp - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅37.7 and above
Normothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅37.0 or 36.2 and 37.6
Thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The process of maintaining the core body temp at a
nearly constant value
Assessment - hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Initial assessment: shivering and
vasoconstriction PROGRESSES TO eventual assessment: vasodilation and accelerated loss of body heat
- Low temp PR, RR, BP
- Pale/cool skin
- Dysrhythmias
- Rigdid muscles and shivering
- Impaired cognition and poor coordination
Assessment - severe hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypotension and CV collapse
Primary prevention for thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Avoid exposure to temp
extremes, maintain the optimal ambient temp in home, dress appropriately, engage in physical activity
appropriate to temp conditions.
Malignant hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Condition associated with surgery (triggered by
general anesthesia)
Tertiary prevention for thermoregulation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Identify underlying cause (core
temp, age, overall pt condition), goal is to bring body temp to normal temp before long term effects
occur.
, Intervention - hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Remove person from cold
- Core temp must be increased slowly to minimize risk of arrhythmias' cardiac monitoring
- External warming (warming blankets, dry clothes, warm oral fluids, exercise, cool to warm bath -
NEVER HOT)
Internal warming (core warming = NG tube, warm IV fluids, warm lavage, breathe in warm O2, blood
warming bypass machine).
Intervention - hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Remove excess clothing
- External cooling. (Cool clothes, ice packs, drink cold fluids, put AC on)
- Internal cooling (antipyretic drug, cool IV, cool lavage)
Hypothermia in Newborn - What are some methods of heat production? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-
Restlessness
- Crying
- Flexion
- Increase in metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
- Brown fat (burned to generate heat/non-shivering)
These methods use oxygen and glucose as fuel
Normal heart rate and BP for a newborn - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅between 120-160 for HR
BP = 60-80/40-50
Hypothermia in newborn - risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅- Born earlier than 40 weeks
- Less brown fat
- Extended extremities
- Brain temp control is not as developed
- Think layer of subcutaneous fat
