TopHat Questions Diversity of
Form and Function Exam with
Correct Answers
archaea are more similar to eukaryotes than bacteria in terms of:
a - cellular organization and size
b- genome structure (linear vs. circular)
c- how their ribosomes work (what compounds interfere with their functioning)
d - number of types of enzymes that synthesize RNA - Correct Answer: how their ribosomes work
when building phylogenies to describe relatedness among organisms, the most reliable characters to
compare are:
a - morphology
b - biochemistry
c - ribosomal RNA sequences
d - whole genome sequences - Correct Answer: whole genome sequences
which of the following is true of all types of lateral gene transfer?
a - the recipient is living and takes up DNA
b - the donor is living and shares it DNA
c - the recipient is living and takes up RNA
d - the recipient could be dead or alive and still gain new traits - Correct Answer: the recipient is living
and takes up DNA
During horizontal (or later) gene transfer:
a - DNA is inherited from only on parent
b - DNA is inherited from both parents
c - DNA is obtained from another individual who is not a relative
,d - DNA is obtained by engulfing but failing to digest another individual - Correct Answer: DNA is
obtained from another individual who is not a relative
which of the following statements about gram staining is INCORRECT?
a - the purple dye stains the peptidoglycan cell wall
b - gram-negative bacteria stain pink because their cell wall is internal to an outer membrane
c - gram staining results are excellent for establishing relatedness
d - the pink/red counterstain helps the observer see bacteria with a microscope - Correct Answer: gram
staining results are excellent for establishing relatedness
which of the following viruses wind up in the host's chromosomes?
a - positive sense RNA virus
b - negative sense RNA virus
c - retrovirus
d - DNA virus - Correct Answer: retrovirus (HIV ~ more serious diseases that do not go away)
What is the unique (that is, not true of any other kind of cell) feature of gametes (egg and sperm) among
all eukaryotes?
a - they can fuse the contents of their nucleus with that of an opposite type of gametes
b - in all eukaryotes, they are formed directly by meiosis
c - they have as many copies of their chromosomes as the individual that formed them
d - they are formed only by males - Correct Answer: they can fuse the contents of their nucleus with that
of an opposite type of gametes
which of the following modified leaves serves to support the shoot?
a - spine
b - tendril
c - bract
d - all of the above - Correct Answer: tendril
,which of the following tissues are made exclusively of parenchyma cells?
a - leaf epidermis and mesophyll
b - leaf mesophyll only
c - leaf epidermis only
d - leaf vascular bundles - Correct Answer: leaf epidermis and mesophyll
in which organs does one find epidermis?
a - leaves
b - leaves and stems
c - stems and roots
d - leaves, stems, and roots - Correct Answer: leaves, stems, and roots
what is the function of epidermis?
a - storage of macromolecules
b - transport of fluids
c - keep water in and pathogens out
d - structural support against gravity - Correct Answer: keep water in and pathogens out
in which plant organ would you expect to find vascular tissues?
a - leaf
b - steam
c - root
d - all of the above - Correct Answer: all of the above
comparing primary to secondary growth:
a - both make the plant taller
b - both make the plant thicker
c - primary growth makes it taller, secondary growth makes it thicker
, d - all plants have secondary growth but some lack primary growth - Correct Answer: primary growth
makes it taller, secondary makes it thicker
when water enters a root, it crosses a plasma membrane in
a - root hairs only
b - cortex only
c - endodermis only
d - any cell including or outside of the endodermis - Correct Answer: any cell including or outside of the
endodermis
consider a plant cell with a ψp= 0.8 Mpa and a ψs= -0.8, placed into a beaker of pure water. What would
its water potential be at equilibrium?
a-0
b - -0.8
c - 0.8
d - the cell would burst - Correct Answer: 0
the plant generation that grows out of the germinating seed is:
a - sporophyte
b - gametophyte
c - it depends on whether or not the plant has vascular tissue
d - both sporophyte and gametophyte - Correct Answer: sporophyte
consider 2 adjacent cells. Cell A has ψs = -0.6 and ψp = 0, and Cell B has ψs = -0.7 and ψp = 0.7. what
direction does water move?
a - A to B
b - B to A
c - no net movement between cells - Correct Answer: B to A
water moves through xylem due to force from
Form and Function Exam with
Correct Answers
archaea are more similar to eukaryotes than bacteria in terms of:
a - cellular organization and size
b- genome structure (linear vs. circular)
c- how their ribosomes work (what compounds interfere with their functioning)
d - number of types of enzymes that synthesize RNA - Correct Answer: how their ribosomes work
when building phylogenies to describe relatedness among organisms, the most reliable characters to
compare are:
a - morphology
b - biochemistry
c - ribosomal RNA sequences
d - whole genome sequences - Correct Answer: whole genome sequences
which of the following is true of all types of lateral gene transfer?
a - the recipient is living and takes up DNA
b - the donor is living and shares it DNA
c - the recipient is living and takes up RNA
d - the recipient could be dead or alive and still gain new traits - Correct Answer: the recipient is living
and takes up DNA
During horizontal (or later) gene transfer:
a - DNA is inherited from only on parent
b - DNA is inherited from both parents
c - DNA is obtained from another individual who is not a relative
,d - DNA is obtained by engulfing but failing to digest another individual - Correct Answer: DNA is
obtained from another individual who is not a relative
which of the following statements about gram staining is INCORRECT?
a - the purple dye stains the peptidoglycan cell wall
b - gram-negative bacteria stain pink because their cell wall is internal to an outer membrane
c - gram staining results are excellent for establishing relatedness
d - the pink/red counterstain helps the observer see bacteria with a microscope - Correct Answer: gram
staining results are excellent for establishing relatedness
which of the following viruses wind up in the host's chromosomes?
a - positive sense RNA virus
b - negative sense RNA virus
c - retrovirus
d - DNA virus - Correct Answer: retrovirus (HIV ~ more serious diseases that do not go away)
What is the unique (that is, not true of any other kind of cell) feature of gametes (egg and sperm) among
all eukaryotes?
a - they can fuse the contents of their nucleus with that of an opposite type of gametes
b - in all eukaryotes, they are formed directly by meiosis
c - they have as many copies of their chromosomes as the individual that formed them
d - they are formed only by males - Correct Answer: they can fuse the contents of their nucleus with that
of an opposite type of gametes
which of the following modified leaves serves to support the shoot?
a - spine
b - tendril
c - bract
d - all of the above - Correct Answer: tendril
,which of the following tissues are made exclusively of parenchyma cells?
a - leaf epidermis and mesophyll
b - leaf mesophyll only
c - leaf epidermis only
d - leaf vascular bundles - Correct Answer: leaf epidermis and mesophyll
in which organs does one find epidermis?
a - leaves
b - leaves and stems
c - stems and roots
d - leaves, stems, and roots - Correct Answer: leaves, stems, and roots
what is the function of epidermis?
a - storage of macromolecules
b - transport of fluids
c - keep water in and pathogens out
d - structural support against gravity - Correct Answer: keep water in and pathogens out
in which plant organ would you expect to find vascular tissues?
a - leaf
b - steam
c - root
d - all of the above - Correct Answer: all of the above
comparing primary to secondary growth:
a - both make the plant taller
b - both make the plant thicker
c - primary growth makes it taller, secondary growth makes it thicker
, d - all plants have secondary growth but some lack primary growth - Correct Answer: primary growth
makes it taller, secondary makes it thicker
when water enters a root, it crosses a plasma membrane in
a - root hairs only
b - cortex only
c - endodermis only
d - any cell including or outside of the endodermis - Correct Answer: any cell including or outside of the
endodermis
consider a plant cell with a ψp= 0.8 Mpa and a ψs= -0.8, placed into a beaker of pure water. What would
its water potential be at equilibrium?
a-0
b - -0.8
c - 0.8
d - the cell would burst - Correct Answer: 0
the plant generation that grows out of the germinating seed is:
a - sporophyte
b - gametophyte
c - it depends on whether or not the plant has vascular tissue
d - both sporophyte and gametophyte - Correct Answer: sporophyte
consider 2 adjacent cells. Cell A has ψs = -0.6 and ψp = 0, and Cell B has ψs = -0.7 and ψp = 0.7. what
direction does water move?
a - A to B
b - B to A
c - no net movement between cells - Correct Answer: B to A
water moves through xylem due to force from
