Histology & Embryology sem 1 test 1 (TCDHA) Exam questions with precise detailed solutions

Histology & Embryology sem 1 | | | | |




test 1 (TCDHA) Exam
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questions with precise | | |




detailed solutions |




Exocytosis - Correct answer ✔release of substances out a cell by the fusion of a
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vesicle with the membrane.
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Endocytosis - Correct answer ✔Uptake of materials into the cell
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Endocytosis: Pinocytosis - Correct answer ✔"Cell drinking"
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Endocytosis: Phagocytosis - Correct answer ✔"Cell eating"
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Cell Membrane "Plasma Membrane" - Correct answer ✔Surrounds the cell
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Composed of phospholipid & protein
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Semi-permable - Correct answer ✔provides a selective barrier that regulates
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transport of substances into and out of the cell.
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Cytoplasm "Cytosol" - Correct answer ✔Clear liquid enclosed in the cell
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Includes: Vacuoles & Vesicle
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,Vacuole - Correct answer ✔Big "vesicle"
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Store water & waste
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Storage sacs |




Helps regulate the amount of liquid in the cell
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Vesicles - Correct answer ✔Small membrane sac
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Storage & transport
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Carrying protein & some material
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Store various neurotransmitters
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Nucleus - Correct answer ✔Largest, densest organelle
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Production of: |




DNA: cell's genetic information
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RNA: carries info from the DNA to sites of actual protein synthesis in the
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cytoplasm

"Present in all cells except mature RBC and blood platelets"
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Nucleolus - Correct answer ✔Contained in Nucleus
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Nuclear body that assembles ribosomes
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Produces rRNA & nucleotides | | |




Chromatin - Correct answer ✔-Contains chromosomes | | | | |

,-Looks like diffuse stippling when cell is viewed at lower-power microscopically
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-complex of DNA & protein | | | | |




-function is packaging very long DNA
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Nucleoplasm - Correct answer ✔Fluid portion that contains important proteins
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Nuclear envelope - Correct answer ✔Doubled layered membrane
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Nuclear pores - Correct answer ✔small holes in the nuclear envelope
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Allow transport of Rna & ribosomal proteins moving from nucleus to cytoplasm
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Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct answer ✔"Highway system" | | | | | |




Rough ER & Smooth ER
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Contains ribosomes |




Ribosomes - Correct answer ✔"Protein Factories"
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Composed of protein and RNA which synthesize protein
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Golgi apparatus - Correct answer ✔"Processing & packaging center"
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Fxn: sorts, condense, packages & delivers proteins from RER
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Mitochondria - Correct answer ✔"Powerhouse of the cell" | | | | | | |

, Release energy from food molecules & transform energy into ATP ( adenosine
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triphosphate)



Lysosomes - Correct answer ✔"Sewer system" | | | | |




Destroys worn cell parts | | |




Produced by golgi apparatus | | |




Contains hydrolytic & digestive enzymes capable of digesting substance that
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enter cells |




Cytoskeleton - Correct answer ✔Give basic stability to the cell as a whole,
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functioning like reinforced girders | | |




Also compartmentalizes( sorts out) the cytoplasm, creating preferred "freeways"
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for the movement of molecules formed by cellular processes
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Microfilaments - Correct answer ✔Cell motility | | | | |




Delicate, threadlike |




Specialized protein, arranged in meshwork bundles | | | | |




Microtubules - Correct answer ✔Thick & stiff hollow tubes that make up the | | | | | | | | | | | | |




cilia, flagella, centrioles and spindle fibers.
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Form cell's internal skeleton
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Maintain the shape of the cell | | | | |




intermediate filaments - Correct answer ✔Various type of thicker,threadlike .
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