UF BSC 2011 Exam 1 Review Questions
2025/2026 Exam Questions Marking
Scheme New Update | A+ Rated
Clade - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔part of a phylogenic tree that contains an ancestor
and all descendants of that ancestor
Data that can be used to build a phylogenic tree - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Morphology (observable physical characteristics) and molecular
sequences (nucleotides, amino acids)
Synapamorphy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shared derived traits that provide evidence
of a common ancestry of a group
Synapamorphy ancestral or derived trait? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Derived
Three domains of life - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bacteria (prokaryotes), Archaea
(prokaryotes), Eukarya (eukaryotes)
Photoautotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Organism that use light to generate ATP
for the purpose of carbon fixation
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,How did evolution of photosynthesis change the earth? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Filled environment with oxygen. Created vast diversity within the
kingdom Eukarya.
Lateral transfer - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔When genes move from one species to
another
Endosymbiosis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔When two organisms compliment each
other and one of the two organisms lives within the other
What organelles did eukaryotes acquire in endosymbiosis? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Mitochondria, chloroplasts
Are all photosynthetic eukaryotes plants? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NO!!
Dominant form in bryophyte life cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gametophyte
Do bryophyte sporophyte and gametophyte live independently? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔No, sporophyte is dependent on gametophyte
Red algae vs. Green plants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Red algae chlorophyll A only,
green algae chlorophyll A and B. Red algae varies from single celled
organisms to complex multicellular organisms.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
,Streptophyte Synapamorphies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔retention of egg in parental
organisms, apical growth, oogamy, plasmodesmata
Plasmodesmata - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔small holes/ channels that make water
transport much easier
Parenchyma - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Basic tissue type in the streptophytes with
cells linked by plasmodesmata
Land plant synapamorphies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cuticle, stomata, gametangia,
embryo, pigments, sporopollenin, mycorrhizae
Cuticle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a waxy coating that protects from water loss,
disease, sun and organisms who are predators
Stomata - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔small openings that allow for gas exchange in air
while minimizing water loss
Sporopollenin - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔protective coating for spores
Mycorrhizae plants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Plants that have mutually beneficial
association with fungi, fungi attach to plant roots and increase surface area
of roots allowing for more water to be taken up throught the plant
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Groups of plants within the bryophytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔liverworts, horntails
and mosses
Are bryophytes a clade? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NO!
Primary characteristics of bryophytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔no vascular system,
very small, no structure to keep them off the ground, no structure to
transfer food and water through the plant
Why do bryophytes tend to live in moist habitats? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔bryophytes move nutrients through diffusion and osmosis so they have
to be near water to survive
Dominant form in the bryophyte life cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gametophyte
Can bryophyte sporophytes and gametophytes live indepedently? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔No. Sporophyte is physiologically dependent on the
gametophyte.
Where are bryophyte gametes produced? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Archegonium
(female sex organ) and antheridium (male sex organ)
How are gametes dispersed in bryophytes? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
2025/2026 Exam Questions Marking
Scheme New Update | A+ Rated
Clade - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔part of a phylogenic tree that contains an ancestor
and all descendants of that ancestor
Data that can be used to build a phylogenic tree - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Morphology (observable physical characteristics) and molecular
sequences (nucleotides, amino acids)
Synapamorphy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shared derived traits that provide evidence
of a common ancestry of a group
Synapamorphy ancestral or derived trait? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Derived
Three domains of life - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bacteria (prokaryotes), Archaea
(prokaryotes), Eukarya (eukaryotes)
Photoautotroph - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Organism that use light to generate ATP
for the purpose of carbon fixation
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,How did evolution of photosynthesis change the earth? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Filled environment with oxygen. Created vast diversity within the
kingdom Eukarya.
Lateral transfer - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔When genes move from one species to
another
Endosymbiosis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔When two organisms compliment each
other and one of the two organisms lives within the other
What organelles did eukaryotes acquire in endosymbiosis? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Mitochondria, chloroplasts
Are all photosynthetic eukaryotes plants? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NO!!
Dominant form in bryophyte life cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gametophyte
Do bryophyte sporophyte and gametophyte live independently? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔No, sporophyte is dependent on gametophyte
Red algae vs. Green plants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Red algae chlorophyll A only,
green algae chlorophyll A and B. Red algae varies from single celled
organisms to complex multicellular organisms.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
,Streptophyte Synapamorphies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔retention of egg in parental
organisms, apical growth, oogamy, plasmodesmata
Plasmodesmata - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔small holes/ channels that make water
transport much easier
Parenchyma - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Basic tissue type in the streptophytes with
cells linked by plasmodesmata
Land plant synapamorphies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cuticle, stomata, gametangia,
embryo, pigments, sporopollenin, mycorrhizae
Cuticle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a waxy coating that protects from water loss,
disease, sun and organisms who are predators
Stomata - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔small openings that allow for gas exchange in air
while minimizing water loss
Sporopollenin - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔protective coating for spores
Mycorrhizae plants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Plants that have mutually beneficial
association with fungi, fungi attach to plant roots and increase surface area
of roots allowing for more water to be taken up throught the plant
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, Groups of plants within the bryophytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔liverworts, horntails
and mosses
Are bryophytes a clade? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔NO!
Primary characteristics of bryophytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔no vascular system,
very small, no structure to keep them off the ground, no structure to
transfer food and water through the plant
Why do bryophytes tend to live in moist habitats? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔bryophytes move nutrients through diffusion and osmosis so they have
to be near water to survive
Dominant form in the bryophyte life cycle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gametophyte
Can bryophyte sporophytes and gametophytes live indepedently? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔No. Sporophyte is physiologically dependent on the
gametophyte.
Where are bryophyte gametes produced? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Archegonium
(female sex organ) and antheridium (male sex organ)
How are gametes dispersed in bryophytes? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4
