lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Exam 1 OB - exam 1 review - Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing (Jersey College Nursing
School)
Dystocia
a. This is an abnormal or difficult labor can be influenced by a vast number of maternal and
fetal factors. Dystocia is said to exist when the progress of labor deviates from normal; it
is characterized by a slow and abnormal progression of labor.
b. It occurs in approximately 8-11 % of all labors and is the leading indication for primary
cesarean birth in the United States.
c. Shoulder Dystocia
d. Shoulder dystocia is defined as the obstruction of fetal descent and birth by the axis of
the fetal shoulders after the fetal head has been delivered
e. The incidence of shoulder dystocia is increasing due to increasing birth weight
f. It is one of the most anxiety provoking emergencies encountered in labor. Failure of the
shoulders to deliver spontaneously places both the woman and the fetus at risk for
injury. Postpartum hemorrhage, secondary to uterine atony or vaginal lacerations, is
the major complication to the mother. Transient Erb’s or Duchenne’s brachial plexus
palsies and clavicular or humeral fractures are the most common fetal injuries
encountered with shoulder dystocia.
Fetal Circulation
a. Blood from the placenta to and through the fetus and then back to the placenta
b. Three shunts during fetal life
I. Ductus venous: connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
ii. Ductus arteriosus: connects the main pulmonary artery to the aorta
iii. Foramen ovale: anatomic opening between the right and left atrium
Hispanic, African American , Asian Culture
a. African American: View of health as harmony with nature, illness as disruption in
harmony
i. Use of folk healing and home remedies common
ii. View pregnancy as a state of wellness
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iii. Postpartum practices for the infant may include the use of a belly band
or a coin placed on top of the infant’s umbilicus to prevent umbilical
hernia.
b. Asian American: View of life as a cycle with everything connected to health
i. Usually attended by a female relative and tend to be quiet and sedate
during labor and death
ii. Health viewed as a balance between the forces of yang and yin
iii. Little involvement of the father during labor, quiet, stoic appearance of
woman during labor
c. Hispanic
I. During period of la cuerentena ( first 40 days after childbirth) woman are
thought to be susceptible to cold, so many will avoid taking showers, sitz
baths, tub baths, washing their hair, or being exposed to cold air ii.
Newborn protection from the “evil eye” ( pg 21-22 Table 1.2)
Sex Education for Pregnant Adolescent
a. Teaching for pregnant adolescence
b. The teaching should be based on the adolescence developmental level
c. Teaching should include
i. Importance of
continued prenatal
and follow up care
ii. Smoking cessation
iii. Body weight
control
Iv. Interpersonal violence and the need of folic acid
v. Avoiding teratogenic agents
Teratogenic agents
a. Definition of teratogen
b. Any environment substance that can cause physical defects in the developing
embryo or fetus such as alcohol and drugs
c. Infection ( such as rubella or cytomegalovirus), radiation, nutritional should be
avoided by pregnant moms, esp in the embryonic stage ( 2-8 weeks, when body
parts are being formed). This is the period when the fetus embryo is at the
greatest risk
Chromosomes
Cri du Chat syndrome.
a. Cri du chat syndrome- ( cry like a cat) cause by a missing place of chromosome 5
b. This is due to laryngeal defect
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Exam 1 OB - exam 1 review - Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing (Jersey College Nursing
School)
Dystocia
a. This is an abnormal or difficult labor can be influenced by a vast number of maternal and
fetal factors. Dystocia is said to exist when the progress of labor deviates from normal; it
is characterized by a slow and abnormal progression of labor.
b. It occurs in approximately 8-11 % of all labors and is the leading indication for primary
cesarean birth in the United States.
c. Shoulder Dystocia
d. Shoulder dystocia is defined as the obstruction of fetal descent and birth by the axis of
the fetal shoulders after the fetal head has been delivered
e. The incidence of shoulder dystocia is increasing due to increasing birth weight
f. It is one of the most anxiety provoking emergencies encountered in labor. Failure of the
shoulders to deliver spontaneously places both the woman and the fetus at risk for
injury. Postpartum hemorrhage, secondary to uterine atony or vaginal lacerations, is
the major complication to the mother. Transient Erb’s or Duchenne’s brachial plexus
palsies and clavicular or humeral fractures are the most common fetal injuries
encountered with shoulder dystocia.
Fetal Circulation
a. Blood from the placenta to and through the fetus and then back to the placenta
b. Three shunts during fetal life
I. Ductus venous: connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
ii. Ductus arteriosus: connects the main pulmonary artery to the aorta
iii. Foramen ovale: anatomic opening between the right and left atrium
Hispanic, African American , Asian Culture
a. African American: View of health as harmony with nature, illness as disruption in
harmony
i. Use of folk healing and home remedies common
ii. View pregnancy as a state of wellness
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
iii. Postpartum practices for the infant may include the use of a belly band
or a coin placed on top of the infant’s umbilicus to prevent umbilical
hernia.
b. Asian American: View of life as a cycle with everything connected to health
i. Usually attended by a female relative and tend to be quiet and sedate
during labor and death
ii. Health viewed as a balance between the forces of yang and yin
iii. Little involvement of the father during labor, quiet, stoic appearance of
woman during labor
c. Hispanic
I. During period of la cuerentena ( first 40 days after childbirth) woman are
thought to be susceptible to cold, so many will avoid taking showers, sitz
baths, tub baths, washing their hair, or being exposed to cold air ii.
Newborn protection from the “evil eye” ( pg 21-22 Table 1.2)
Sex Education for Pregnant Adolescent
a. Teaching for pregnant adolescence
b. The teaching should be based on the adolescence developmental level
c. Teaching should include
i. Importance of
continued prenatal
and follow up care
ii. Smoking cessation
iii. Body weight
control
Iv. Interpersonal violence and the need of folic acid
v. Avoiding teratogenic agents
Teratogenic agents
a. Definition of teratogen
b. Any environment substance that can cause physical defects in the developing
embryo or fetus such as alcohol and drugs
c. Infection ( such as rubella or cytomegalovirus), radiation, nutritional should be
avoided by pregnant moms, esp in the embryonic stage ( 2-8 weeks, when body
parts are being formed). This is the period when the fetus embryo is at the
greatest risk
Chromosomes
Cri du Chat syndrome.
a. Cri du chat syndrome- ( cry like a cat) cause by a missing place of chromosome 5
b. This is due to laryngeal defect
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
