NR547 Week 6Practice Exam 2025
UPDATE/PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS(complete
solutions)ASSURED SUCCESS/GRADED A+!!!
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Terms in this set (67)
Neurocognitive disorders delirium and dementia
, -a group of symptoms that mainly affects memory,
cognition and social interactions, and the ability to
do everyday tasks.
-Symptoms start gradually often with no clear
beginning, and are usually permanent.
-Most dementias are caused by neurodegenerative
diseases, most commonly Alzheimer's disease, Lewy
body dementia and frontotemporal dementia
• clumps of abnormal proteins to build up inside
neurons, damaging them, and causing them to slowly
degenerate and die
Dementia
-vascular dementia is another common cause of
progressive dementia
• brain damage occurs when the blood supply to the
neurons is reduced or blocked, again causing them
to malfunction or die
-Cognitive Symptoms: Difficulty with complex tasks,
Difficulty planning and organizing, Loss of
coordination
-Psychological symptoms: Personality changes,
Inappropriate behaviour, Paranoia, Fear, anxiety,
anger or depression.
ACUTE SUDDEN CHANGE IN MENTAL STATE
-typically begins suddenly with a noticeable start
point.
-mainly affects attention, and often resolves after a
Delirium few days or weeks, although it can last longer.
-acute, transient, and usually reversible brain
malfunction
-thought to be brought on by multiple
neurotransmitter imbalances
, -Cognitive Symptoms: Rambling or nonsense
speech, Difficulty reading and writing, Wandering
attention, Becoming easily distracted, Becoming
withdrawn,
Delirium symptoms -Psychological symptoms: Inability to focus,
Reduced awareness of the environment, Disturbed
sleep
-May have hallucinations
-symptoms can fluctuate throughout the day
-lack of oxygen
-drugs
• anticholinergics
• psychoactives
• opioids
causes of delirium
-withdrawal
• delirium tremens
-stressful situations
-dehydration & electrolyte imbalance
infections
tell the difference onset
between delirium and attention
dementia do symptoms fluctuate?
-type of dementia
• 60-80% of dementias
-neurodegenerative disease
-Hallmarks:
Alzheimer's disease
• plaques - abnormal protein (beta-amyloid plaques)
between neurons
• tangles - tau protein inside neurons (neurofibrillary
tangles)
, -Plaques & tangles usually start forming and spread
from the cortex
• earliest areas affected temporal lobe (learning &
memory)
• as it spreads goes to frontal lobe (thinking &
planning)
Alzheimer's disease brain
• then more temporal (speaking & communicating)
progression
• then parietal lobe (sense of where body is in
relation to objects around you)
• severe & late Alzheimer's disease, plaques & tangles
spread throughout most of cortex, brain shrinks
(atrophy) dramatically (atrophy primarily affects
hippocampus and cerebral cortex)
-20-30% of dementia cases
-lack in blood supply to the brain
-changes
• suddenly (stroke)
• gradually (small vessels)
-risk factors
Vascular dementia
• similar to heart problems
• smoking
• high BP
• no exercise
• obesity
• poor diet
UPDATE/PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS(complete
solutions)ASSURED SUCCESS/GRADED A+!!!
Save
Terms in this set (67)
Neurocognitive disorders delirium and dementia
, -a group of symptoms that mainly affects memory,
cognition and social interactions, and the ability to
do everyday tasks.
-Symptoms start gradually often with no clear
beginning, and are usually permanent.
-Most dementias are caused by neurodegenerative
diseases, most commonly Alzheimer's disease, Lewy
body dementia and frontotemporal dementia
• clumps of abnormal proteins to build up inside
neurons, damaging them, and causing them to slowly
degenerate and die
Dementia
-vascular dementia is another common cause of
progressive dementia
• brain damage occurs when the blood supply to the
neurons is reduced or blocked, again causing them
to malfunction or die
-Cognitive Symptoms: Difficulty with complex tasks,
Difficulty planning and organizing, Loss of
coordination
-Psychological symptoms: Personality changes,
Inappropriate behaviour, Paranoia, Fear, anxiety,
anger or depression.
ACUTE SUDDEN CHANGE IN MENTAL STATE
-typically begins suddenly with a noticeable start
point.
-mainly affects attention, and often resolves after a
Delirium few days or weeks, although it can last longer.
-acute, transient, and usually reversible brain
malfunction
-thought to be brought on by multiple
neurotransmitter imbalances
, -Cognitive Symptoms: Rambling or nonsense
speech, Difficulty reading and writing, Wandering
attention, Becoming easily distracted, Becoming
withdrawn,
Delirium symptoms -Psychological symptoms: Inability to focus,
Reduced awareness of the environment, Disturbed
sleep
-May have hallucinations
-symptoms can fluctuate throughout the day
-lack of oxygen
-drugs
• anticholinergics
• psychoactives
• opioids
causes of delirium
-withdrawal
• delirium tremens
-stressful situations
-dehydration & electrolyte imbalance
infections
tell the difference onset
between delirium and attention
dementia do symptoms fluctuate?
-type of dementia
• 60-80% of dementias
-neurodegenerative disease
-Hallmarks:
Alzheimer's disease
• plaques - abnormal protein (beta-amyloid plaques)
between neurons
• tangles - tau protein inside neurons (neurofibrillary
tangles)
, -Plaques & tangles usually start forming and spread
from the cortex
• earliest areas affected temporal lobe (learning &
memory)
• as it spreads goes to frontal lobe (thinking &
planning)
Alzheimer's disease brain
• then more temporal (speaking & communicating)
progression
• then parietal lobe (sense of where body is in
relation to objects around you)
• severe & late Alzheimer's disease, plaques & tangles
spread throughout most of cortex, brain shrinks
(atrophy) dramatically (atrophy primarily affects
hippocampus and cerebral cortex)
-20-30% of dementia cases
-lack in blood supply to the brain
-changes
• suddenly (stroke)
• gradually (small vessels)
-risk factors
Vascular dementia
• similar to heart problems
• smoking
• high BP
• no exercise
• obesity
• poor diet
