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disruptions in thoughts and perceptions leading to a
disconnection from reality
-symptoms may include abnormal behaviors and
sensations, including catatonic behavior
-may be acute or chronic
-Although psychosis is categorized as a psychiatric
psychosis
disorder, it commonly occurs as a secondary
condition due to underlying endocrine, vascular,
immunologic, or metabolic problems
-Drugs, other substances, or other psychiatric
conditions such as depression or mania may also
cause symptoms
, divided into several clinical domains
-positive
• occur when clients experience things in addition to
reality
• hearing voices or seeing things that are not there
-negative
• involve a loss of something
• loss of ability to experience pleasure or loss of
motivation
Psychosis: Clinical
Presentation -cognitive
• disorganization in thoughts, memories, focus, or
attention
-affective
• the client's feelings and emotions
-motor
• may include abnormalities in gait, balance, and
coordination, irregular muscle contractions, or
tremors
Hallucinations
Delusions
Psychosis: Positive
Thought disorder
Symptoms
Hostility
Excitability
Motor delay
Dyscoordination
Psychosis: Motor
EPS
Symptoms
-Parkinsonism
-Dyskinesia
Depression
Psychosis: Affective
Anxiety
Symptoms
Suicidality
, Attention
Working memory
Verbal memory
Psychosis: Cognition
Visual memory
symptoms
Executive functioning
Processing speed
Social conditioning
Affective flattening
Alogia
Psychosis: Negative
Anhedonia
Symptoms
Amotivation
Asociality
perceptual experiences in the absence of external
stimuli
-Auditory
• may include command hallucinations
Hallucinations: -Visual
-Tactile: feeling sensations in the body in the
absence of stimuli
-Olfactory: smelling things that are not there
-Gustatory: tasting things that are not there
fixed false, irrational beliefs
-persecution: delusions r/t being threatened,
victimized, or spied on
-reference: delusions r/t receiving personal
messages from tv, radio, or actions of others
-somatic: delusions r/t the body, including illness or
Delusions: the presence of foreign objects
• may believe there are objects in their body (may
think they are infested with insects.)
-grandeur: delusions r/t beliefs of special abilities or
powers
-control: delusions that actions & thoughts are
controlled by others
, impairment in the process of thinking and difficulty
organizing thoughts in a logical pattern.
Symptoms of Psychosis: -incoherent speech
Thought Disorder -loose associations
-meaningless words
-perseveration
disordered or impaired behavior or communication
-childlike silliness
Symptoms of Psychosis:
-unpredictable agitation
Disorganized Behavior
-inappropriate clothing for the weather
-poor hygiene
schizophrenia is a psychosis
diagnosis commonly
associated with __________
-Many genes play a role in the likelihood that an
individual will develop schizophrenia as do
psychosis neurobiological epigenetic factors
factors: genetics • Heritability for schizophrenia may be as high as 79%
• links gene-environment interaction to the diagnosis
of schizophrenia
Regular Cannabis Use
Exposure to Early Life Trauma
psychosis neurobiological
-Sexual Abuse
factors: Environmental
-Emotional Abuse
Triggers
-Emotional Neglect
-Bullying