HED302 Health Promotions & Lifestyle
Modification
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
, Question 1:
A community public health nurse plans an intervention to reduce obesity
rates among adults. Which theoretical model is best suited to assess the
stages of change in dietary behavior?
a) Health Belief Model
b) Social Cognitive Theory
c) Transtheoretical Model
d) Diffusion of Innovations
Correct ANS: c) Transtheoretical Model
Rationale: The Transtheoretical Model (stages of change) specifically
describes the process individuals go through, from precontemplation to
maintenance, when changing behaviors such as diet and physical activity.
---
Question 2:
A nurse designing a smoking cessation program identifies that successful
change relies heavily on an individual’s confidence in their ability to quit.
Which construct does this factor represent?
a) Perceived susceptibility
b) Perceived severity
c) Self-efficacy
d) Cues to action
Correct ANS: c) Self-efficacy
Rationale: Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their capacity
to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance
attainments and is critical for behavior change in smoking cessation
interventions.
---
©2025
, Question 3:
In planning lifestyle modification programs, which level of prevention
focuses on eliminating risk factors before any signs of disease occur?
a) Primary Prevention
b) Secondary Prevention
c) Tertiary Prevention
d) Quaternary Prevention
Correct ANS: a) Primary Prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention involves actions taken to prevent the
occurrence of disease by reducing risk factors (e.g., promoting healthy
eating and regular exercise before any disease onset).
---
Question 4:
A nurse educator is implementing a program to increase physical activity
in a sedentary population. Which behavior change theory emphasizes the
role of outcome expectations and observational learning?
a) Health Belief Model
b) Social Cognitive Theory
c) Transtheoretical Model
d) Theory of Planned Behavior
Correct ANS: b) Social Cognitive Theory
Rationale: Social Cognitive Theory highlights the importance of
observational learning, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations in
behavior change, particularly in adopting regular physical activity.
---
Question 5:
In which phase of the transtheoretical model are individuals actively
engaging in lifestyle modifications, such as diet change or increased
exercise, but are not yet fully confident in maintaining these behaviors?
©2025
, a) Precontemplation
b) Contemplation
c) Preparation
d) Action
Correct ANS: d) Action
Rationale: During the action phase, individuals initiate behavior
change. They adopt new habits; however, maintenance of these changes
can be challenging, reflecting a need for continued support to build
confidence.
---
Question 6:
Which concept in health promotion best describes the process of
enabling individuals to increase control over, and to improve, their health
through education, community programs, and policy initiatives?
a) Disease management
b) Health empowerment
c) Patient advocacy
d) Community mobilization
Correct ANS: b) Health empowerment
Rationale: Health empowerment involves equipping individuals and
communities with the skills and confidence to manage their health,
thereby fostering lifestyle modifications and preventive behaviors.
---
Question 7:
A lifestyle modification program for cardiovascular risk reduction
emphasizes reducing saturated fat intake, increasing exercise, and stress
reduction. Which model of health promotion best supports a
comprehensive strategy addressing multiple determinants of health?
a) Ecological Model
©2025
Modification
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
, Question 1:
A community public health nurse plans an intervention to reduce obesity
rates among adults. Which theoretical model is best suited to assess the
stages of change in dietary behavior?
a) Health Belief Model
b) Social Cognitive Theory
c) Transtheoretical Model
d) Diffusion of Innovations
Correct ANS: c) Transtheoretical Model
Rationale: The Transtheoretical Model (stages of change) specifically
describes the process individuals go through, from precontemplation to
maintenance, when changing behaviors such as diet and physical activity.
---
Question 2:
A nurse designing a smoking cessation program identifies that successful
change relies heavily on an individual’s confidence in their ability to quit.
Which construct does this factor represent?
a) Perceived susceptibility
b) Perceived severity
c) Self-efficacy
d) Cues to action
Correct ANS: c) Self-efficacy
Rationale: Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their capacity
to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance
attainments and is critical for behavior change in smoking cessation
interventions.
---
©2025
, Question 3:
In planning lifestyle modification programs, which level of prevention
focuses on eliminating risk factors before any signs of disease occur?
a) Primary Prevention
b) Secondary Prevention
c) Tertiary Prevention
d) Quaternary Prevention
Correct ANS: a) Primary Prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention involves actions taken to prevent the
occurrence of disease by reducing risk factors (e.g., promoting healthy
eating and regular exercise before any disease onset).
---
Question 4:
A nurse educator is implementing a program to increase physical activity
in a sedentary population. Which behavior change theory emphasizes the
role of outcome expectations and observational learning?
a) Health Belief Model
b) Social Cognitive Theory
c) Transtheoretical Model
d) Theory of Planned Behavior
Correct ANS: b) Social Cognitive Theory
Rationale: Social Cognitive Theory highlights the importance of
observational learning, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations in
behavior change, particularly in adopting regular physical activity.
---
Question 5:
In which phase of the transtheoretical model are individuals actively
engaging in lifestyle modifications, such as diet change or increased
exercise, but are not yet fully confident in maintaining these behaviors?
©2025
, a) Precontemplation
b) Contemplation
c) Preparation
d) Action
Correct ANS: d) Action
Rationale: During the action phase, individuals initiate behavior
change. They adopt new habits; however, maintenance of these changes
can be challenging, reflecting a need for continued support to build
confidence.
---
Question 6:
Which concept in health promotion best describes the process of
enabling individuals to increase control over, and to improve, their health
through education, community programs, and policy initiatives?
a) Disease management
b) Health empowerment
c) Patient advocacy
d) Community mobilization
Correct ANS: b) Health empowerment
Rationale: Health empowerment involves equipping individuals and
communities with the skills and confidence to manage their health,
thereby fostering lifestyle modifications and preventive behaviors.
---
Question 7:
A lifestyle modification program for cardiovascular risk reduction
emphasizes reducing saturated fat intake, increasing exercise, and stress
reduction. Which model of health promotion best supports a
comprehensive strategy addressing multiple determinants of health?
a) Ecological Model
©2025
