Bio 161 Exam 3 | Latest study set |
Questions and Answers
After a steroid hormone binds to its intracellular receptor, transcription of specific genes occurs. How
does this happen? - ANSW-The activated receptor moves into the nucleus and binds to DNA.
Cell-surface receptors bind signaling molecules; intracellular receptors bind signaling molecules - ANSW-
polar; non-polar
Which of the following become deactivated when bound GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP? - ANSW-G proteins
Which enzyme transfers a phosphate from ATP to a protein? - ANSW-Kinase
All cell signaling pathways between cells involve: - ANSW-Receptors that change shape after ligand
binding
A cell receiving a signal from distant cells is an example of: - ANSW-Endocrine signaling
Which of the following molecules can cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion during signaling? -
ANSW-Nitric oxide gas
Which of the following is typically part of the termination of G-protein coupled receptor pathway? (hint:
see figure 9.13) - ANSW-cAMP is converted to AMP
What is the order of events in signal processing? - ANSW-Receptor activation; Signal transduction;
Response; Termination
Which of the following is NOT a cell membrane receptor? - ANSW-Intracellular receptor
Which statement is correct for homologous chromosomes? - ANSW-These chromosomes have the same
organization of genes
In cytokinesis: - ANSW-The parent cell divides into two daughter cells.
How does the number of chromosomes vary during the cell cycle? - ANSW-The chromosome number
does not vary
Select all phases or stages of the cell cycle listed below when sister chromatids would be present. -
ANSW-G2
Start of M phase
G1
G0
During which portion of the cell cycle does the amount of DNA in the cell decrease by half? - ANSW-
Between M and G1
In the process of mitosis, select all the events controlled by the mitotic spindle: - ANSW-breakdown and
reformation of the nuclear envelope
alignment of chromosomes at the middle of the cell
separation of chromatids to opposite poles of the cell
A cell that is not actively dividing is considered to be in which phase of the cell cycle? - ANSW-G0 phase
If a sequence on a chromosome is 3'-AGGATCAC-5', the sequence of the complementary strand is: -
ANSW-5'-TCCTAGTG-3'
In eukaryotic cell division, replication of DNA takes place during: - ANSW-S phase
, During the metaphase stage of mitosis: - ANSW-Chromosomes align in the center of the cell
Which of the following is true about cyclins? - ANSW-They bind to cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
The amount of Cyclin E protein increases at which cell cycle phase? - ANSW-At the end of G1
DNA damage leads to accumulation of ________ p53, which _______ production of a CDK inhibitor to
________ the cell cycle. - ANSW-Phosphorylated; increases; halt
Select all the molecules a CDK must bind to, in order to carry out its function: - ANSW-ATP
p53
Cyclin
Which of the following inhibit cell division? - ANSW-Tumor suppressor proteins
Specific cyclins must be expressed to carry out the events of the cell cycle. What is the role of RNA
polymerase in this process? - ANSW-RNA polymerase transcribes the cyclin gene
Why is the DNA damage checkpoint in G1 important? - ANSW-To ensure DNA is repaired before
replication
How do cyclins and CDKs control the cell cycle? - ANSW-The kinase function of Cyclin-CDK complexes
regulates cell division proteins
In which phase of the cell cycle is the spindle checkpoint? - ANSW-M
Which cyclin-CDK complex activates the formation of the mitotic spindle? - ANSW-Cyclin B-CDK
Which enzyme restores the ends of shortened chromosomes during DNA replication? - ANSW-
Telomerase
Which of the following enzymes can unwind the DNA double helix? - ANSW-helicase
Newly synthesized DNA fragments have an RNA primer: - ANSW-At their 5' end
Replication of bacteria DNA, which is often circular, is different from replication of the linear
chromosomes of most eukaryotes in that: - ANSW-There is a single origin of replication when circular
DNA is replicated
Which statement is correct?
Both leading and lagging DNA strands are synthesized 5'->3'
Most eukaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication
A single DNA strand is either the template for the leading or lagging strand, but cannot be both
Okazaki fragments are produced when using leading strand as a template - ANSW-Both leading and
lagging DNA strands are synthesized 5'->3'
In DNA replication, the leading strand is - ANSW-Synthesized continuously
Which function of DNA polymerase is correct? - ANSW-Adds new nucleotides to the 3' end
Which of the following sequences could be produced by RNA primase using this DNA template:
3'-TAGCGTA-5' - ANSW-5'-AUCGCAU-3'
DNA replication occurs at which cell cycle phase? - ANSW-S phase
The enzyme that can join together DNA fragments is called: - ANSW-DNA ligase
According to the article, why was the Ras protein considered 'undruggable' by scientists? - ANSW-
Because Ras binds tightly to GTP, a drug cannot prevent GTP binding and Ras activation
Questions and Answers
After a steroid hormone binds to its intracellular receptor, transcription of specific genes occurs. How
does this happen? - ANSW-The activated receptor moves into the nucleus and binds to DNA.
Cell-surface receptors bind signaling molecules; intracellular receptors bind signaling molecules - ANSW-
polar; non-polar
Which of the following become deactivated when bound GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP? - ANSW-G proteins
Which enzyme transfers a phosphate from ATP to a protein? - ANSW-Kinase
All cell signaling pathways between cells involve: - ANSW-Receptors that change shape after ligand
binding
A cell receiving a signal from distant cells is an example of: - ANSW-Endocrine signaling
Which of the following molecules can cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion during signaling? -
ANSW-Nitric oxide gas
Which of the following is typically part of the termination of G-protein coupled receptor pathway? (hint:
see figure 9.13) - ANSW-cAMP is converted to AMP
What is the order of events in signal processing? - ANSW-Receptor activation; Signal transduction;
Response; Termination
Which of the following is NOT a cell membrane receptor? - ANSW-Intracellular receptor
Which statement is correct for homologous chromosomes? - ANSW-These chromosomes have the same
organization of genes
In cytokinesis: - ANSW-The parent cell divides into two daughter cells.
How does the number of chromosomes vary during the cell cycle? - ANSW-The chromosome number
does not vary
Select all phases or stages of the cell cycle listed below when sister chromatids would be present. -
ANSW-G2
Start of M phase
G1
G0
During which portion of the cell cycle does the amount of DNA in the cell decrease by half? - ANSW-
Between M and G1
In the process of mitosis, select all the events controlled by the mitotic spindle: - ANSW-breakdown and
reformation of the nuclear envelope
alignment of chromosomes at the middle of the cell
separation of chromatids to opposite poles of the cell
A cell that is not actively dividing is considered to be in which phase of the cell cycle? - ANSW-G0 phase
If a sequence on a chromosome is 3'-AGGATCAC-5', the sequence of the complementary strand is: -
ANSW-5'-TCCTAGTG-3'
In eukaryotic cell division, replication of DNA takes place during: - ANSW-S phase
, During the metaphase stage of mitosis: - ANSW-Chromosomes align in the center of the cell
Which of the following is true about cyclins? - ANSW-They bind to cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
The amount of Cyclin E protein increases at which cell cycle phase? - ANSW-At the end of G1
DNA damage leads to accumulation of ________ p53, which _______ production of a CDK inhibitor to
________ the cell cycle. - ANSW-Phosphorylated; increases; halt
Select all the molecules a CDK must bind to, in order to carry out its function: - ANSW-ATP
p53
Cyclin
Which of the following inhibit cell division? - ANSW-Tumor suppressor proteins
Specific cyclins must be expressed to carry out the events of the cell cycle. What is the role of RNA
polymerase in this process? - ANSW-RNA polymerase transcribes the cyclin gene
Why is the DNA damage checkpoint in G1 important? - ANSW-To ensure DNA is repaired before
replication
How do cyclins and CDKs control the cell cycle? - ANSW-The kinase function of Cyclin-CDK complexes
regulates cell division proteins
In which phase of the cell cycle is the spindle checkpoint? - ANSW-M
Which cyclin-CDK complex activates the formation of the mitotic spindle? - ANSW-Cyclin B-CDK
Which enzyme restores the ends of shortened chromosomes during DNA replication? - ANSW-
Telomerase
Which of the following enzymes can unwind the DNA double helix? - ANSW-helicase
Newly synthesized DNA fragments have an RNA primer: - ANSW-At their 5' end
Replication of bacteria DNA, which is often circular, is different from replication of the linear
chromosomes of most eukaryotes in that: - ANSW-There is a single origin of replication when circular
DNA is replicated
Which statement is correct?
Both leading and lagging DNA strands are synthesized 5'->3'
Most eukaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication
A single DNA strand is either the template for the leading or lagging strand, but cannot be both
Okazaki fragments are produced when using leading strand as a template - ANSW-Both leading and
lagging DNA strands are synthesized 5'->3'
In DNA replication, the leading strand is - ANSW-Synthesized continuously
Which function of DNA polymerase is correct? - ANSW-Adds new nucleotides to the 3' end
Which of the following sequences could be produced by RNA primase using this DNA template:
3'-TAGCGTA-5' - ANSW-5'-AUCGCAU-3'
DNA replication occurs at which cell cycle phase? - ANSW-S phase
The enzyme that can join together DNA fragments is called: - ANSW-DNA ligase
According to the article, why was the Ras protein considered 'undruggable' by scientists? - ANSW-
Because Ras binds tightly to GTP, a drug cannot prevent GTP binding and Ras activation
