Bio 161 Penn State Exam 1 | Actual
study | Questions and Answers
Anatomy - ANSW-Structure of the human body
Physiology - ANSW-Function of the human body
Homeostasis - ANSW-Adapt to external variables, Temperature, pH, Blood volume, Sugar levels
Negative Feedback Loop - ANSW-Body senses change and reacts to negate or reverse the condition
Hormone - ANSW-Chemical messenger
Positive Feedback Loop - ANSW-Cycle in which an initial change leads to a greater change, Self-
amplifying, rapid change
Atom - ANSW-Subatomic particles- protons, neutrons, electrons
Element - ANSW-identified by the number of protons
Neutral Atom - ANSW-Same number of protons and electrons
Ion - ANSW-Atoms that have an uneven number of protons and electrons
Cation - ANSW-Positive charge, give up electrons easily
Anion - ANSW-Negative charge, accept electrons easily
Ionic Bond - ANSW-Transfer of electrons
Covalent Bond - ANSW-Two atoms share electrons
Action potentials - ANSW-commnunication
Molecules - ANSW-multiple atoms held together
Polar Molecule - ANSW-difference of charge at both ends of the molecule
Hydrogen Bonds - ANSW-attraction between polar molecules
Monomer - ANSW-single molecular unit of a polymer
Polymer - ANSW-molecule containing many repeating monomers
Carbohydrate Monomers - ANSW-Glucose (Blood sugar), Fructose
Carbohydrate Polymer - ANSW-Glycogen, Cellulose, Starch
Carbohydrate - ANSW-Provide cellular fuel, enzymes are used to break down sugar in the process of
cellular respiration to release ATP
Glycogen - ANSW-stored carbs in humans
Phospholipids - ANSW-Cell membrane- Polar hydrophillic Phosphate head, 2 nonpolar hydrophobic fatty
acid tails (carbon + hydrogen)
Hydrophobic - ANSW-hates water
Hydrophillic - ANSW-loves water
Triglycerides - ANSW-Energy storage, Insulation, 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
Saturated fatty acids - ANSW-Single bond, as many hydrogens as possible, Meat/dairy, Cardiovascular
disease
Unsaturated fatty acids - ANSW-double or triple bonds, could add a hydrogen or two, plant oils, fish,
avocados, omega fatty acids
study | Questions and Answers
Anatomy - ANSW-Structure of the human body
Physiology - ANSW-Function of the human body
Homeostasis - ANSW-Adapt to external variables, Temperature, pH, Blood volume, Sugar levels
Negative Feedback Loop - ANSW-Body senses change and reacts to negate or reverse the condition
Hormone - ANSW-Chemical messenger
Positive Feedback Loop - ANSW-Cycle in which an initial change leads to a greater change, Self-
amplifying, rapid change
Atom - ANSW-Subatomic particles- protons, neutrons, electrons
Element - ANSW-identified by the number of protons
Neutral Atom - ANSW-Same number of protons and electrons
Ion - ANSW-Atoms that have an uneven number of protons and electrons
Cation - ANSW-Positive charge, give up electrons easily
Anion - ANSW-Negative charge, accept electrons easily
Ionic Bond - ANSW-Transfer of electrons
Covalent Bond - ANSW-Two atoms share electrons
Action potentials - ANSW-commnunication
Molecules - ANSW-multiple atoms held together
Polar Molecule - ANSW-difference of charge at both ends of the molecule
Hydrogen Bonds - ANSW-attraction between polar molecules
Monomer - ANSW-single molecular unit of a polymer
Polymer - ANSW-molecule containing many repeating monomers
Carbohydrate Monomers - ANSW-Glucose (Blood sugar), Fructose
Carbohydrate Polymer - ANSW-Glycogen, Cellulose, Starch
Carbohydrate - ANSW-Provide cellular fuel, enzymes are used to break down sugar in the process of
cellular respiration to release ATP
Glycogen - ANSW-stored carbs in humans
Phospholipids - ANSW-Cell membrane- Polar hydrophillic Phosphate head, 2 nonpolar hydrophobic fatty
acid tails (carbon + hydrogen)
Hydrophobic - ANSW-hates water
Hydrophillic - ANSW-loves water
Triglycerides - ANSW-Energy storage, Insulation, 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
Saturated fatty acids - ANSW-Single bond, as many hydrogens as possible, Meat/dairy, Cardiovascular
disease
Unsaturated fatty acids - ANSW-double or triple bonds, could add a hydrogen or two, plant oils, fish,
avocados, omega fatty acids
