Comprehensive Questions
(Frequently Most Tested) with
Verified Answers
Marie Rollet Hebert - Answer: Respected aboriginal people for their knowledge and health practices
(home remedies)
Jeanne Mance - Answer: Founded Hotel Dieu de Ville in Montreal; Founded first hospital, CNA gives an
award in her honor
Marguerite d'Youville - Answer: Founder of Sisters of Charity of Montreal, which later became known as
the Grey Nuns
Florence Nightingale - Answer: Founder of modern nursing; Proved that a clean environment led to
reduced disease and wound infection
Mary Agnes Snively - Answer: First nursing superintendent of Toronto General Hospital School of
Nursing, recognized nursing as a unique profession
WHO Definition of Health - Answer: a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity
3 Historical Approaches to Health - Answer: Medical, Behavioral and Soci-Environmental
Medical Approach - Answer: Focuses on treatment of disease; fixing the problem
Behavioral Approach - Answer: Promoted individual responsibility for health
, Socio-Environmental - Answer: Combination of medical and behavioral approach; health is tied to the
social structure (poverty, air pollution)
Nursing Theory - Answer: Set of ideas used to describe, explain or predict the physical and social worlds
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answer: Physiological, Safety, Belonging/Love, Self Esteem and Self
Actualization
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development - Answer: Trust vs Mistrust (birth-1), Autonomy vs Sense
of Shame and Doubt (1-3), Initiative vs Guilt (3-6), Industry vs Inferiority (6-11), Identity vs Role
Confusion (12-18), Intimacy vs Isolation (18-35), Generativity vs Self Absorption and Stagnation (35-65),
Integrity vs Despair (65 and over)
Inductive Reasoning - Answer: Leads to broad ideas
Deductive Reasoning - Answer: Leads to specific ideas
Critical Thinking - Answer: Combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to purposely
reflect and think deeply
Basic Critical Thinking - Answer: Trusting the experts; step by step
Complex Critical Thinking - Answer: Seeing complex alternatives or alternative solutions; able to
anticipate and weight risks and benefits
Evidence Informed Practice - Answer: Decisions about practice should include the best available
evidence from clinical research, patient preferences, expert opinion, resource availability and contextual
information
Holistic Care - Answer: Focuses on the physical, mental and social well-being (person as a whole)
Metaparadigm - Answer: A set of concepts or ideas that are important to the discipline of nursing