NCLEX meds 2025
Morphine Sulfate *** Opioid Analgesic
Morphine Sulfate Nursing implications? *** Reassess pain after administration of morphine. Monitor for
respiratory depression and hypotension frequently up to 24 hours after administration of morphine.
Place call light signal close to patient. Accompany patient if need to get out of bed to minimize risk of
falls.
Morphine Antidote? *** Naloxone (Narcan)
Furosemide (Lasix) *** loop diuretic
Furosemide Nursing Implications? *** (Assess patients for sulfa allergies)
Monitor signs of fluid, electrolyte, or acid-base imbalances, including dizziness, drowsiness, blurred
vision, confusion, hypotension, or muscle cramps and weakness. Report excessive or prolonged
symptoms to the physician.
Diseases/Illnesses tx Furosemide? *** -hypertension
-fluid retention (edema)/swelling (oedema)
-congestive heart failure
-liver disease
-kidney disease
Morphine S/E? *** Resp. depression*, sedation, constipation
Furosemide S/E? *** -peeing more than normal
,-feeling thirsy
-dry mouth
-headache
-feeling confused or dizzy
-N/V
Furosemide avoid? *** Too much salt in food
-such as processed foods or ready-meals-
(causes it to stop working)
Furosemide most serious side effect? *** -very low levels of potassium (hypokalemia)
which then can cause life-threatening heartbeat problems
Most serious side effect of Morphine? *** respiratory depression
(monitor pt closely post-op)
Enapril (Vasotec) *** ACE inhibitor
ACE inhibitors *** "PRIL" Captopril, Enalapril, Afosiopril
Antihypertensive. Blocks ACE in lungs from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II (powerful
vasoconstrictor). Decreases BP, Decreased Aldosterone secretions, Sodium and fluid loss.
Check BP before giving (hypotension)
*Orthostatic Hypotension
,ACE inhibitors adverse effects *** Fatigue
Dizziness
Headache
Mood changes
Impaired taste
Possible hyperkalemia
Dry, nonproductive cough, which reverses when therapy is stopped
Angioedema: rare but potentially fatal
Note: First-dose hypotensive effect may occur
Enalapril Maleate *** Vasotec, Epaned
Antihypertensive
Ace inhibitors nursing considerations? *** Monitor her vital signs regularly and her WBC count and
serum electrolytes, especially potassium level, periodically. Give potassium supplements and potassium-
sparing diuretics cautiously because ACE inhibitors can cause potassium retention and hyperkalemia.
When starting an ACE inhibitor? *** need blood tests to monitor your kidney function and potassium
levels
Enapril side effects? *** The side effect most commonly encountered with ACE inhibitors is cough. The
cough is characteristically non-productive and stops with the discontinuation of the drug. Other adverse
effects of enalapril are hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema, cholestatic jaundice, and
hypersensitivity reaction
Beta Blockers *** -olol: slow HR, decrease vasoconstriction, decrease O2 consumption.
, * Used in: HF, HTN, HR control, angina, migraine. AE: HF, bronchospasm, dizzy, constipation, suppresses
hypoglycemia indicators. Contra: asthma, bradycardia, SSS. Nursing: check HR before giving. Teach: take
med at bedtime, do not stop abruptly. Propranolol=essential tremors, Parkinsons
When to take beta blockers? *** take med at nighttime
-do not stop taking abruptly-
(nurse check hr before giving)
when to take ACE inhibitors *** -take 20 minutes to one hour before meals
-food decreases 35% of captopril absorption
what disease/illnesses associated with ace inhibitor? *** -hypertension
-diabetes
-certain chronic kidney disease
-coronary artery disease(cad)
-heart failure/heart attacks
-scleroderma
-stroke
-other cardiovascular conditions
Spironolactone (Aldactone) *** potassium sparing diuretic
Spironolactone S/E? *** hyperkalemia
-feeling dizzy
-feeling/being sick
Morphine Sulfate *** Opioid Analgesic
Morphine Sulfate Nursing implications? *** Reassess pain after administration of morphine. Monitor for
respiratory depression and hypotension frequently up to 24 hours after administration of morphine.
Place call light signal close to patient. Accompany patient if need to get out of bed to minimize risk of
falls.
Morphine Antidote? *** Naloxone (Narcan)
Furosemide (Lasix) *** loop diuretic
Furosemide Nursing Implications? *** (Assess patients for sulfa allergies)
Monitor signs of fluid, electrolyte, or acid-base imbalances, including dizziness, drowsiness, blurred
vision, confusion, hypotension, or muscle cramps and weakness. Report excessive or prolonged
symptoms to the physician.
Diseases/Illnesses tx Furosemide? *** -hypertension
-fluid retention (edema)/swelling (oedema)
-congestive heart failure
-liver disease
-kidney disease
Morphine S/E? *** Resp. depression*, sedation, constipation
Furosemide S/E? *** -peeing more than normal
,-feeling thirsy
-dry mouth
-headache
-feeling confused or dizzy
-N/V
Furosemide avoid? *** Too much salt in food
-such as processed foods or ready-meals-
(causes it to stop working)
Furosemide most serious side effect? *** -very low levels of potassium (hypokalemia)
which then can cause life-threatening heartbeat problems
Most serious side effect of Morphine? *** respiratory depression
(monitor pt closely post-op)
Enapril (Vasotec) *** ACE inhibitor
ACE inhibitors *** "PRIL" Captopril, Enalapril, Afosiopril
Antihypertensive. Blocks ACE in lungs from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II (powerful
vasoconstrictor). Decreases BP, Decreased Aldosterone secretions, Sodium and fluid loss.
Check BP before giving (hypotension)
*Orthostatic Hypotension
,ACE inhibitors adverse effects *** Fatigue
Dizziness
Headache
Mood changes
Impaired taste
Possible hyperkalemia
Dry, nonproductive cough, which reverses when therapy is stopped
Angioedema: rare but potentially fatal
Note: First-dose hypotensive effect may occur
Enalapril Maleate *** Vasotec, Epaned
Antihypertensive
Ace inhibitors nursing considerations? *** Monitor her vital signs regularly and her WBC count and
serum electrolytes, especially potassium level, periodically. Give potassium supplements and potassium-
sparing diuretics cautiously because ACE inhibitors can cause potassium retention and hyperkalemia.
When starting an ACE inhibitor? *** need blood tests to monitor your kidney function and potassium
levels
Enapril side effects? *** The side effect most commonly encountered with ACE inhibitors is cough. The
cough is characteristically non-productive and stops with the discontinuation of the drug. Other adverse
effects of enalapril are hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema, cholestatic jaundice, and
hypersensitivity reaction
Beta Blockers *** -olol: slow HR, decrease vasoconstriction, decrease O2 consumption.
, * Used in: HF, HTN, HR control, angina, migraine. AE: HF, bronchospasm, dizzy, constipation, suppresses
hypoglycemia indicators. Contra: asthma, bradycardia, SSS. Nursing: check HR before giving. Teach: take
med at bedtime, do not stop abruptly. Propranolol=essential tremors, Parkinsons
When to take beta blockers? *** take med at nighttime
-do not stop taking abruptly-
(nurse check hr before giving)
when to take ACE inhibitors *** -take 20 minutes to one hour before meals
-food decreases 35% of captopril absorption
what disease/illnesses associated with ace inhibitor? *** -hypertension
-diabetes
-certain chronic kidney disease
-coronary artery disease(cad)
-heart failure/heart attacks
-scleroderma
-stroke
-other cardiovascular conditions
Spironolactone (Aldactone) *** potassium sparing diuretic
Spironolactone S/E? *** hyperkalemia
-feeling dizzy
-feeling/being sick
