PKSC 1020 | MIDTERM REVIEW WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
3000 BC - ANSWER-Egyptians learned to blow and cast glass
105 AD - ANSWER-Paper invented in China
c. 1500 - ANSWER-- Cork Stopper used for bottles such as wine
- first evidence of protective packaging
- louis pastor - germ theory of disease
1809 - ANSWER-- Nicholas Appert
- canning process (removes necessity or refrigeration | preservation method)
1810 - ANSWER-- Peter Durand
- develops "tin canister"
1868 - ANSWER-- John Hyatt
- patent for celluloid, leading to development of cellulose, the first "plastic"
c. 1895 - ANSWER-toothpaste first offered in tubes
1877 - ANSWER-- Quaker Oats first used the "Quaker Man" to represent their product
- first time an icon was used to market a product (brand identity and loyalty)
1897 - ANSWER-first major use of paperboard for National Biscuit Company "Uneeda"
Biscuit product
late 1800s - early 1900s - ANSWER-first major use of graphics to help sell products
end of industrial revolution and around WWII - ANSWER-- big change in society
(urbanization, convenience)
- movement from bulk packaging to retail packaging
- illustrates how social changes interact with packaging developments
1930 - ANSWER-polyethylene discovered in England
1950s - 60s - ANSWER-convenience and brand expansion (more consumer loyalty)
1970s - ANSWER-improvements in distribution and material handling
1980s - ANSWER-improvements in barrier films and microwave packaging
, 1990s - ANSWER-environmental awareness and market globalization
1954 - ANSWER-polypropylene used for packaging
1960 - 1970 - ANSWER-laws clarified and improved
1987 - ANSWER-new jersey enacts first statewide recycling law for plastic containers
1990 - ANSWER-nutritional labeling and education act
21st century focus (besides convenience) - ANSWER-active packaging and
sustainability
define active packaging - ANSWER-packaging that delivers some benefit in addition to
its basic function
ancient man made packages (3000 BC - 1500) - ANSWER-gourds, baskets, glass,
paper, and cork
industrial revolution - ANSWER-can, celluloid, paperboard cartons
late 20th century (post WWII to present) - ANSWER-- different areas of microwavable
convenience food
- improvement in environmental regulations, distribution and handling
- improvement in convenience and trends
Functions of Packaging | Inform/Sell - ANSWER-- required information (contents,
nutritional label, warnings, shipping information)
- motivational information (size, material, shape, color, recipes, games, etc.)
- trade dress - shape, color, and print - covered under trademark law
Functions of Packaging | Utility of Use - ANSWER-- consumer (easy opening/resealing,
squeezable, microwavable, unit dose)
- retailer (size, orientation point of purchase displays)
- shipper/distributor (hand holds, fork truck cut outs, reusable totes)
Four levels of packaging - ANSWER-- primary (direct contact with product)
- secondary (hold primary)
- tertiary (shipping or distribution)
- quaternary (unit load)
Four types of materials - ANSWER-- paper and paperboard - wood
- metal (steel-iron | aluminum-bauxite)
- glass -sand, soda ash, limestone, cullet
- plastic - petroleum or natural gas
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
3000 BC - ANSWER-Egyptians learned to blow and cast glass
105 AD - ANSWER-Paper invented in China
c. 1500 - ANSWER-- Cork Stopper used for bottles such as wine
- first evidence of protective packaging
- louis pastor - germ theory of disease
1809 - ANSWER-- Nicholas Appert
- canning process (removes necessity or refrigeration | preservation method)
1810 - ANSWER-- Peter Durand
- develops "tin canister"
1868 - ANSWER-- John Hyatt
- patent for celluloid, leading to development of cellulose, the first "plastic"
c. 1895 - ANSWER-toothpaste first offered in tubes
1877 - ANSWER-- Quaker Oats first used the "Quaker Man" to represent their product
- first time an icon was used to market a product (brand identity and loyalty)
1897 - ANSWER-first major use of paperboard for National Biscuit Company "Uneeda"
Biscuit product
late 1800s - early 1900s - ANSWER-first major use of graphics to help sell products
end of industrial revolution and around WWII - ANSWER-- big change in society
(urbanization, convenience)
- movement from bulk packaging to retail packaging
- illustrates how social changes interact with packaging developments
1930 - ANSWER-polyethylene discovered in England
1950s - 60s - ANSWER-convenience and brand expansion (more consumer loyalty)
1970s - ANSWER-improvements in distribution and material handling
1980s - ANSWER-improvements in barrier films and microwave packaging
, 1990s - ANSWER-environmental awareness and market globalization
1954 - ANSWER-polypropylene used for packaging
1960 - 1970 - ANSWER-laws clarified and improved
1987 - ANSWER-new jersey enacts first statewide recycling law for plastic containers
1990 - ANSWER-nutritional labeling and education act
21st century focus (besides convenience) - ANSWER-active packaging and
sustainability
define active packaging - ANSWER-packaging that delivers some benefit in addition to
its basic function
ancient man made packages (3000 BC - 1500) - ANSWER-gourds, baskets, glass,
paper, and cork
industrial revolution - ANSWER-can, celluloid, paperboard cartons
late 20th century (post WWII to present) - ANSWER-- different areas of microwavable
convenience food
- improvement in environmental regulations, distribution and handling
- improvement in convenience and trends
Functions of Packaging | Inform/Sell - ANSWER-- required information (contents,
nutritional label, warnings, shipping information)
- motivational information (size, material, shape, color, recipes, games, etc.)
- trade dress - shape, color, and print - covered under trademark law
Functions of Packaging | Utility of Use - ANSWER-- consumer (easy opening/resealing,
squeezable, microwavable, unit dose)
- retailer (size, orientation point of purchase displays)
- shipper/distributor (hand holds, fork truck cut outs, reusable totes)
Four levels of packaging - ANSWER-- primary (direct contact with product)
- secondary (hold primary)
- tertiary (shipping or distribution)
- quaternary (unit load)
Four types of materials - ANSWER-- paper and paperboard - wood
- metal (steel-iron | aluminum-bauxite)
- glass -sand, soda ash, limestone, cullet
- plastic - petroleum or natural gas
