ADDRESSED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

ADDRESSED PHARMACOLOGY
TEST BANK WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon assessing the
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patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes the etiology of the
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thrush? - CORRECT ANSWER-Superinfection
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The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has a fever of unknown origin. The
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prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the priority? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Obtaining all cultures before the antibiotic is administered
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The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents achieve
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selective toxicity. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-"Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells."
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A child has received amoxicillin [Amoxil] for three previous ear infections, but a current otitis media
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episode is not responding to treatment. The nurse caring for this child suspects that resistance to the
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bacterial agent has occurred by which microbial mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWER-Drug inactivation
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A nursing student asks a nurse to clarify the differences between the mechanisms of spontaneous
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mutation and conjugation in acquired resistance of microbes. What will the nurse say? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Spontaneous mutation leads to resistance to only one antimicrobial agent.
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A patient has a viral sinus infection, and the provider tells the patient that antibiotics will not be
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prescribed. The patient wants to take an antibiotic and asks the nurse what possible harm could occur by
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taking an antibiotic. Which response by the nurse is correct? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Even normal flora can
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develop resistance and transfer this to pathogens."
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A recent campaign, initiated by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), to delay the emergence of antibiotic
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resistance in hospitals, has what as one of its objectives? - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased adherence to
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prescribed antibiotics
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A patient has a localized skin infection, which is most likely caused by a gram-positive cocci. Until the
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culture and sensitivity results are available, the nurse will expect the provider to order a ____-spectrum
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____ agent. - CORRECT ANSWER-narrow; topical
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A parent asks a nurse if the provider will prescribe an antibiotic for a child who attends school with several
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children who have strep throat. The child is complaining of a sore throat and has a fever. What will be the
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nurse's response - CORRECT ANSWER-"Your child should come to the clinic to have a throat culture done
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today."
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n older adult patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develops bronchitis. The patient
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has a temperature of 39.5°C. The nurse will expect the provider to: - CORRECT ANSWER-order empiric
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antibiotics while waiting for sputum culture results.
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Which patients should be given antibiotics prophylactically? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER-
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Patients with certain congenital heart defects at risk for bacterial endocarditis Patients
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Il` with compound fractures undergoing surgical repair
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Which are benefits of using a combination of two or more antibiotics? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Reduced toxicity Il` Il`




Reduced resistance Il` Il`




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The nurse is teaching a pharmacology refresher course to a group of nurses. A student asks what host
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factors affect the choice of agents in antimicrobial therapy. The nurse will tell the students that such host
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factors include what? (Select all that apply.) - CORRECT ANSWER-Age
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Immune system status Il` Il` Il`




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A nurse transcribes a new prescription for potassium penicillin G given intravenously (IV) every 8 hours and
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gentamicin given IV every 12 hours. Which is the best schedule for administering these drugs? - CORRECT
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ANSWER-Give the penicillin at 0800, 1600, and 2400; give the gentamicin [Garamycin] at 1800 and 0600.
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, A nurse assisting a nursing student with medications asks the student to describe how penicillins (PCNs)
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work to treat bacterial infections. The student is correct in responding that penicillins: - CORRECT
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ANSWER-disrupt bacterial cell wall synthesis.
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A child with otitis media has had three ear infections in the past year. The child has just completed a 10day
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course of amoxicillin [Amoxil] with no improvement. The parent asks the nurse why this drug is not
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working, because it has worked in the past. What will the nurse tell the patient? - CORRECT ANSWER"The
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bacteria have synthesized penicillinase."
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A child with an ear infection is not responding to treatment with amoxicillin [Amoxil]. The nurse will expect
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the provider to order: - CORRECT ANSWER-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [Augmentin].
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A patient is receiving intravenous potassium penicillin G, 2 million units to be administered over 1 hour. At
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1900, the nurse notes that the dose hung at 1830 has infused completely. What will the nurse do? -
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CORRECT ANSWER-Request an order for serum electrolytes and cardiac monitoring.
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A patient is about to receive penicillin G for an infection that is highly sensitive to this drug. While obtaining
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the patient's medication history, the nurse learns that the patient experienced a rash when given
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amoxicillin [Amoxil] as a child 20 years earlier. What will the nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWERRequest an
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order for a skin test to assess the current risk.
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A patient with no known drug allergies is receiving amoxicillin [Amoxil] PO twice daily. Twenty minutes
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after being given a dose, the patient complains of shortness of breath. The patient's blood pressure is
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100/58 mm Hg. What will the nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Contact the provider and prepare to
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administer epinephrine
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A patient has an infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. The prescriber has ordered dicloxacillin PO.
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What will the nurse do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Question the need for a penicillinase-resistant penicillin.
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The parent of an infant with otitis media asks the nurse why the prescriber has ordered amoxicillin
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[Amoxil] and not ampicillin [Unasyn]. What will the nurse tell the parent? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ampicillin is
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not as acid stable as amoxicillin.
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A patient with an infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is being treated with piperacillin. The
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nurse providing care reviews the patient's laboratory reports and notes that the patient's blood urea
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nitrogen and serum creatinine levels are elevated. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss: -
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CORRECT ANSWER-reducing the dose of piperacillin.
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