N3661 fluid and electrolytes (exam 1) Questions With
Complete Solutions
Air embolism Correct Answers JVD, palpitations dyspnea
wheezing cyanosis
tx: turn pt. on left side in Trendelenburg- cap leaked line
at risk pt Correct Answers Older adults b/c less kidney func,
muscle, thirst, thin skin
bicarb norm range Correct Answers 24-31
Ca norm range Correct Answers 8.8-10.5
chloride norm range Correct Answers 98-106
FVD cause Correct Answers Flu, too lethargic, diabetes
insipidus
Vomit, diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating
Nausea, lack of intake
3rd space fluid shift: burns, ascites
FVD labs Correct Answers ↑BUN, creatinine, hematocrit,
hemoglobin
↑ urine specific gravity >1.030, Na > 145, Serum osmolality >
295
, ↓urine Na
FVD management Correct Answers Oral = ideal, Minimize
fluid loss, oral care
Sev = IV: LR, NS (1st line) → hypotonic 0.45%
- Assess IV site
Mon: I&O, daily weight, VS, central venous pressure,
LOC/confusion, breath sounds, and skin color/turgor, tongue
turgor, mucosa
fluid challenge test: (↓renal blood flow from FVD or tubular
necrosis?) take VS, assess breath sounds, orientation status,
CVP, and UO
Lose >25% vol = shock = low BP, TC
Fall precautions, rise slow b/c OH
FVD manifestations Correct Answers rapid weight loss, ↓skin
turgor, oliguria, concentrated urine, postural hypotension,
↓BP/CVP, rapid weak pulse, increased temp/RR, cool pale
clammy skin, lassitude, thirst, nausea, muscle weakness, cramps,
dizzy, ↑cap refill, flat neck veins, confusion, sunken eyes,
↓UO/concentration
FVD risk factors Correct Answers strenuous exercise , increase
intake of caffeine and alcohol , living in high elevations,
ileostomy
Complete Solutions
Air embolism Correct Answers JVD, palpitations dyspnea
wheezing cyanosis
tx: turn pt. on left side in Trendelenburg- cap leaked line
at risk pt Correct Answers Older adults b/c less kidney func,
muscle, thirst, thin skin
bicarb norm range Correct Answers 24-31
Ca norm range Correct Answers 8.8-10.5
chloride norm range Correct Answers 98-106
FVD cause Correct Answers Flu, too lethargic, diabetes
insipidus
Vomit, diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating
Nausea, lack of intake
3rd space fluid shift: burns, ascites
FVD labs Correct Answers ↑BUN, creatinine, hematocrit,
hemoglobin
↑ urine specific gravity >1.030, Na > 145, Serum osmolality >
295
, ↓urine Na
FVD management Correct Answers Oral = ideal, Minimize
fluid loss, oral care
Sev = IV: LR, NS (1st line) → hypotonic 0.45%
- Assess IV site
Mon: I&O, daily weight, VS, central venous pressure,
LOC/confusion, breath sounds, and skin color/turgor, tongue
turgor, mucosa
fluid challenge test: (↓renal blood flow from FVD or tubular
necrosis?) take VS, assess breath sounds, orientation status,
CVP, and UO
Lose >25% vol = shock = low BP, TC
Fall precautions, rise slow b/c OH
FVD manifestations Correct Answers rapid weight loss, ↓skin
turgor, oliguria, concentrated urine, postural hypotension,
↓BP/CVP, rapid weak pulse, increased temp/RR, cool pale
clammy skin, lassitude, thirst, nausea, muscle weakness, cramps,
dizzy, ↑cap refill, flat neck veins, confusion, sunken eyes,
↓UO/concentration
FVD risk factors Correct Answers strenuous exercise , increase
intake of caffeine and alcohol , living in high elevations,
ileostomy
