Instructor’s Resource Manual and Test Bank
for
Applying Educational Research: How to Read,
Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of
Practice
Seventh Edition
M. D. Gall
Professor Emeritus, University of Oregon
Joyce P. Gall
Independent Researcher
@
Walter R. Borg
Late of Utah State University
Ap
lu
ss
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
tu
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
vi
a
@Aplusstuvia
,PART I: DESIGNING AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON RESEARCH METHODS FOR
EDUCATORS
A. THE BIG PICTURE 2
1. Two possible course emphases 2
2. The textbook 3
Features of the textbook 3
Selecting textbook chapters for your course 4
3. Organization of the Instructor’s Manual 4
B. ELEMENTS OF A COURSE SYLLABUS 5
1. Background information 5
2. Course description 5
3. Course prerequisites 5
4. Course objectives 5
5. Course schedule 6
6. Class activities 6
Guest presenters 7
Incorporating the students’ perspective 7
7. Class tests 7
8. Homework assignments and course projects 7
Literature review 8
Critique of articles 8
Research proposal for a formal study 8
@
Action research project 8
Paper preparation guidelines 8
9. Grading procedures 9
Ap
10. Dual course number 9
11. Class attendance policy 9
12. Absence policy 9
13. Documented disability 10
lu
14. Course incompletes 10
15. Academic misconduct policy 10
ss
C. COURSE EVALUATION 10
D. TEACHING TIPS 10
tu
E. CONTACTING THE AUTHORS 11
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iii
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@Aplusstuvia
,PART II: TEACHING ACTIVITIES AND TEST ITEMS FOR EACH CHAPTER
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 13
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 17
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 20
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 23
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 26
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 30
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 34
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 40
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 44
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 47
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 50
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 55
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 61
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 65
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 69
Chapter 16 Historical Research 72
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research 75
Chapter 18 Action Research 78
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 81
PART III: ANSWERS FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE AND SHORT-ANSWER TEST ITEMS
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 86
@
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 88
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 89
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 91
Ap
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 92
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 94
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 95
lu
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 96
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 98
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 99
ss
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 100
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 102
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 104
tu
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 106
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 108
vi
iv
a
@Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 16 Historical Research 109
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research 110
Chapter 18 Action Research 111
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 113
@
Ap
lu
ss
tu
vi
v
a
@Aplusstuvia
for
Applying Educational Research: How to Read,
Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of
Practice
Seventh Edition
M. D. Gall
Professor Emeritus, University of Oregon
Joyce P. Gall
Independent Researcher
@
Walter R. Borg
Late of Utah State University
Ap
lu
ss
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
tu
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
vi
a
@Aplusstuvia
,PART I: DESIGNING AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON RESEARCH METHODS FOR
EDUCATORS
A. THE BIG PICTURE 2
1. Two possible course emphases 2
2. The textbook 3
Features of the textbook 3
Selecting textbook chapters for your course 4
3. Organization of the Instructor’s Manual 4
B. ELEMENTS OF A COURSE SYLLABUS 5
1. Background information 5
2. Course description 5
3. Course prerequisites 5
4. Course objectives 5
5. Course schedule 6
6. Class activities 6
Guest presenters 7
Incorporating the students’ perspective 7
7. Class tests 7
8. Homework assignments and course projects 7
Literature review 8
Critique of articles 8
Research proposal for a formal study 8
@
Action research project 8
Paper preparation guidelines 8
9. Grading procedures 9
Ap
10. Dual course number 9
11. Class attendance policy 9
12. Absence policy 9
13. Documented disability 10
lu
14. Course incompletes 10
15. Academic misconduct policy 10
ss
C. COURSE EVALUATION 10
D. TEACHING TIPS 10
tu
E. CONTACTING THE AUTHORS 11
vi
iii
a
@Aplusstuvia
,PART II: TEACHING ACTIVITIES AND TEST ITEMS FOR EACH CHAPTER
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 13
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 17
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 20
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 23
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 26
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 30
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 34
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 40
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 44
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 47
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 50
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 55
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 61
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 65
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 69
Chapter 16 Historical Research 72
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research 75
Chapter 18 Action Research 78
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 81
PART III: ANSWERS FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE AND SHORT-ANSWER TEST ITEMS
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 86
@
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 88
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 89
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 91
Ap
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 92
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 94
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 95
lu
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 96
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 98
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 99
ss
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 100
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 102
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 104
tu
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 106
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 108
vi
iv
a
@Aplusstuvia
, Chapter 16 Historical Research 109
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research 110
Chapter 18 Action Research 111
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 113
@
Ap
lu
ss
tu
vi
v
a
@Aplusstuvia
