,HED4802 Assignment 2 (COMPLETE ANSWERS)
Semester 1 2025 - DUE 20 June 2025; 100% correct
solutions and explanations.
QUESTION 1
Curriculum design and implementation are deeply shaped by
the paradigms or worldviews that influence how knowledge and
learning are understood. The four key paradigms—positivism,
interpretivism, critical theory, and post-structuralism—each
offer unique perspectives that shape educational practice in
distinct ways.
1. Positivism
Curriculum aims under positivism emphasize the transmission
of objective, factual knowledge. The goal is to produce
measurable outcomes, such as literacy and numeracy, and to
prepare students for the workforce.
Knowledge selection is based on scientific facts and universally
accepted truths. Subjects like mathematics and the sciences are
prioritized because they are seen as value-free and empirical.
Teaching strategies are teacher-centred, with a strong focus on
direct instruction, rote learning, and repetition. The teacher is the
authority figure who imparts knowledge to passive learners.
Assessment approaches are standardized and summative, such
as multiple-choice tests and final exams, which aim to measure
students' mastery of objective content. For example, national
, standardized assessments like the ANA (Annual National
Assessments) reflect positivist principles.
2. Interpretivism
Interpretivism views knowledge as socially constructed and
context-dependent.
Curriculum aims focus on developing understanding, empathy,
and the ability to interpret meaning. Learning is seen as an
active process where students construct meaning from
experience.
Knowledge selection includes diverse perspectives, personal
experiences, and cultural narratives. Subjects such as literature,
history, and life orientation are emphasized for their interpretive
value.
Teaching strategies involve learner-centred approaches, such as
discussions, group work, and project-based learning. The teacher
facilitates learning rather than dictates it.
Assessment approaches are formative and qualitative.
Techniques such as portfolios, reflective journals, and oral
presentations assess how well learners understand and interpret
content. For example, in language classes, students might be
asked to interpret a poem from their own perspective.
3. Critical Theory
Semester 1 2025 - DUE 20 June 2025; 100% correct
solutions and explanations.
QUESTION 1
Curriculum design and implementation are deeply shaped by
the paradigms or worldviews that influence how knowledge and
learning are understood. The four key paradigms—positivism,
interpretivism, critical theory, and post-structuralism—each
offer unique perspectives that shape educational practice in
distinct ways.
1. Positivism
Curriculum aims under positivism emphasize the transmission
of objective, factual knowledge. The goal is to produce
measurable outcomes, such as literacy and numeracy, and to
prepare students for the workforce.
Knowledge selection is based on scientific facts and universally
accepted truths. Subjects like mathematics and the sciences are
prioritized because they are seen as value-free and empirical.
Teaching strategies are teacher-centred, with a strong focus on
direct instruction, rote learning, and repetition. The teacher is the
authority figure who imparts knowledge to passive learners.
Assessment approaches are standardized and summative, such
as multiple-choice tests and final exams, which aim to measure
students' mastery of objective content. For example, national
, standardized assessments like the ANA (Annual National
Assessments) reflect positivist principles.
2. Interpretivism
Interpretivism views knowledge as socially constructed and
context-dependent.
Curriculum aims focus on developing understanding, empathy,
and the ability to interpret meaning. Learning is seen as an
active process where students construct meaning from
experience.
Knowledge selection includes diverse perspectives, personal
experiences, and cultural narratives. Subjects such as literature,
history, and life orientation are emphasized for their interpretive
value.
Teaching strategies involve learner-centred approaches, such as
discussions, group work, and project-based learning. The teacher
facilitates learning rather than dictates it.
Assessment approaches are formative and qualitative.
Techniques such as portfolios, reflective journals, and oral
presentations assess how well learners understand and interpret
content. For example, in language classes, students might be
asked to interpret a poem from their own perspective.
3. Critical Theory
