WGU C182
Application Software - ANS Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
Productivity Software - ANS Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Presentation
software, word processor, spreadsheets.
System Software - ANS Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly support system
itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
Server Software - ANS Works with hardware to provide network service.
Local Application - ANS Software stored on an individual computer.
Intranet - ANS A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
Cloud Computing - ANS Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, anytime.
Beneficial because an org. may access resources it may not normally have.
Operating Systems - ANS Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required to
maintain computer environment.
Kernel - ANS Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
Device Drivers - ANS Interface b/w OS and hardware.
Shell - ANS Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop elements include
shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
Services (Daemons) - ANS OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in the
background and wait for an event to initiate.
Utility Programs - ANS Allow user to monitor system performance.
Web Server - ANS Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
, **APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use security
mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
Proxy Server - ANS A software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server to
shield the client from adverse actions of the server.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server and not
individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
Database Server - ANS Permits database access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security, and archiving.
May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
File Server - ANS Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store software to be
run over network.
Email Server - ANS Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
String Data - ANS Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
Number Integer - ANS Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
Floating Point - ANS Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
Date/Time - ANS Type of Data
Boolean/Logical - ANS Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
Flat File Database - ANS One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
Application Software - ANS Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
Productivity Software - ANS Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Presentation
software, word processor, spreadsheets.
System Software - ANS Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly support system
itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
Server Software - ANS Works with hardware to provide network service.
Local Application - ANS Software stored on an individual computer.
Intranet - ANS A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
Cloud Computing - ANS Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, anytime.
Beneficial because an org. may access resources it may not normally have.
Operating Systems - ANS Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required to
maintain computer environment.
Kernel - ANS Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
Device Drivers - ANS Interface b/w OS and hardware.
Shell - ANS Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop elements include
shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
Services (Daemons) - ANS OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in the
background and wait for an event to initiate.
Utility Programs - ANS Allow user to monitor system performance.
Web Server - ANS Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
, **APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use security
mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
Proxy Server - ANS A software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a server to
shield the client from adverse actions of the server.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server and not
individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
Database Server - ANS Permits database access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security, and archiving.
May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
File Server - ANS Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store software to be
run over network.
Email Server - ANS Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
String Data - ANS Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
Number Integer - ANS Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
Floating Point - ANS Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
Date/Time - ANS Type of Data
Boolean/Logical - ANS Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
Flat File Database - ANS One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
