ENTOMOLOGY EXAM # 2UARK Austin Jones questions
with verified answers
•5 stages of insect sociality, features, and example organisms (section
20) Ans✓✓✓ Association: periodic, mating, foraging, overwintering
(ladybird beetles)
Sub-social: provide food, brief care for offspring (water bug)
Quasi-social: unrelated individuals living together (leafcuttere bee)
Semi-social: related individuals together, help raise (bess beetle)
Eusocial: true sociality must share common nest site, cooperative brood
care, reproductive division of labor, overlapping generations, they
practice trophallaxis, the sharing of food (termites)
•Be able to discuss different ant adaptation stories (section 20)
Ans✓✓✓ Response to flood, form a raft
army ants: no permanent nest, take nest with them, carry their young
as they travel
•Bite vs sting and evolution of stinger (section 19) Ans✓✓✓ Bite:
Mouthparts
•Typically no venom
•Although chemicals are often present to break down food
Sting:
•Stinger
•Injects venom
,•Not used to break down food
•Hymenoptera
•Scorpions
•Stinging structures on some caterpillars too!
•Defense techniques (pick a couple favorites to write a couple
sentences about)(section 19) Ans✓✓✓ Parasitic Wasps: pierce host
tissue
Honey Bees: can only sting once, stinger is barbed and tears loose from
the abdomen, pulling out the guts
•Differences between: competition, predation and symbiosis (lecture
17) Ans✓✓✓ Symbiosis: Interaction between two different species
living in close physical association (can be positive or negative
depending)
Predation: An interaction where one organism kills another for food,
the organism that does the killing is called a predator and the organism
that is killed is the prey.
Competition: The struggle between organisms to survive and use the
same limited recourses. When animals compete for resources, the
animal that doesn't win either leaves the area, adapts over time or dies.
•Different types of structures built by insects (paper, mud, etc.)
(Section 20) Ans✓✓✓ ants form rafts as a response to floods
polishes are paper wasps
, •How mimicry works and types of it (Mullerian and Batesian) (section
19) Ans✓✓✓ Batesian Mimicry: an edible insect looks similar to an
aposematic, inedible insect. The inedible insect is called the model, and
the lookalike species is called the mimic.
•Model
•Mimic
•Dupe
Mullerian Mimicry: when multiple TOXIC species all look alike to send a
consistent message to predators.
•Know information about communication via pheromones STORIES
(section 22) Ans✓✓✓ Bark Beetles
•Use aggregation pheromone to overwhelm tree defenses
•It takes many of them to deplete sap and weaken tree defenses
Sex pheromone - produced by one sex (mostly female), responded to
by the other
Extreme sensitivity - male silkworms can respond to a few hundred
molecules per cc of air
•Know stories of different ways insects communicate with sound and
what they are trying to say! (back off, come over here, I'm toxic, etc.)
(section 21) Ans✓✓✓ •Water boatmen (Corixidae)
•Microneta (5 sp.)
•Males call for females
with verified answers
•5 stages of insect sociality, features, and example organisms (section
20) Ans✓✓✓ Association: periodic, mating, foraging, overwintering
(ladybird beetles)
Sub-social: provide food, brief care for offspring (water bug)
Quasi-social: unrelated individuals living together (leafcuttere bee)
Semi-social: related individuals together, help raise (bess beetle)
Eusocial: true sociality must share common nest site, cooperative brood
care, reproductive division of labor, overlapping generations, they
practice trophallaxis, the sharing of food (termites)
•Be able to discuss different ant adaptation stories (section 20)
Ans✓✓✓ Response to flood, form a raft
army ants: no permanent nest, take nest with them, carry their young
as they travel
•Bite vs sting and evolution of stinger (section 19) Ans✓✓✓ Bite:
Mouthparts
•Typically no venom
•Although chemicals are often present to break down food
Sting:
•Stinger
•Injects venom
,•Not used to break down food
•Hymenoptera
•Scorpions
•Stinging structures on some caterpillars too!
•Defense techniques (pick a couple favorites to write a couple
sentences about)(section 19) Ans✓✓✓ Parasitic Wasps: pierce host
tissue
Honey Bees: can only sting once, stinger is barbed and tears loose from
the abdomen, pulling out the guts
•Differences between: competition, predation and symbiosis (lecture
17) Ans✓✓✓ Symbiosis: Interaction between two different species
living in close physical association (can be positive or negative
depending)
Predation: An interaction where one organism kills another for food,
the organism that does the killing is called a predator and the organism
that is killed is the prey.
Competition: The struggle between organisms to survive and use the
same limited recourses. When animals compete for resources, the
animal that doesn't win either leaves the area, adapts over time or dies.
•Different types of structures built by insects (paper, mud, etc.)
(Section 20) Ans✓✓✓ ants form rafts as a response to floods
polishes are paper wasps
, •How mimicry works and types of it (Mullerian and Batesian) (section
19) Ans✓✓✓ Batesian Mimicry: an edible insect looks similar to an
aposematic, inedible insect. The inedible insect is called the model, and
the lookalike species is called the mimic.
•Model
•Mimic
•Dupe
Mullerian Mimicry: when multiple TOXIC species all look alike to send a
consistent message to predators.
•Know information about communication via pheromones STORIES
(section 22) Ans✓✓✓ Bark Beetles
•Use aggregation pheromone to overwhelm tree defenses
•It takes many of them to deplete sap and weaken tree defenses
Sex pheromone - produced by one sex (mostly female), responded to
by the other
Extreme sensitivity - male silkworms can respond to a few hundred
molecules per cc of air
•Know stories of different ways insects communicate with sound and
what they are trying to say! (back off, come over here, I'm toxic, etc.)
(section 21) Ans✓✓✓ •Water boatmen (Corixidae)
•Microneta (5 sp.)
•Males call for females
