UNDERSTANDING NURSING RESEARCH , 7TH EDITION ,
BY SUSAN GROVE, JENNIFER GRAY ALL CHAPTERS COVERED
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Introduction To Nursing Research And Its Importance In Building An Evidence-Based Practice
...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: Introduction To Quantitative Research................................................................................... 18
Chapter 03: Introduction To Qualitative Research ..................................................................................... 38
Chapter 04: Examining Ethics In Nursing Research .................................................................................... 59
Chapter 05: Examining Research Problems, Purposes, And Hypotheses ................................................... 78
Chapter 06: Understanding And Critically Appraising The Literature Review ............................................ 99
Chapter 07: Understanding Theory And Research Frameworks .............................................................. 116
Chapter 08: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs ............................................................................. 129
Chapter 09: Examining Populations And Samples In Research ................................................................ 148
Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement And Data Collection In Quantitative Research .............................. 170
Chapter 11: Critical Appraisal Of Quantitative And Qualitative Research For Nursing Practice .............. 192
Chapter 12: Building An Evidence-Based Nursing Practice....................................................................... 211
Chapter 13: Introduction To Additional Research Methodologies In Nursing: Mixed Methods And
Outcomes Research .................................................................................................................................. 223
,Chapter 01: Introduction To Nursing Research And Its Importance In
Building An Evidence-Based Practice
Grove: Understanding Nursing Research, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.Which Statement Best Describes Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A. A Combination Of Best Research Evidence, Clinical Expertise, And The Needs And Values Of
Patients
B. A Determination Of The Factors Necessary To Control Patient Responses To Care And Delivery
Of Care
C. The Development Of Population Care Guidelines Applicable To All Patients
D. The Utilization Of Quantitative And Qualitative Studies To Enhance Patient Outcomes
ANSWER: A
Evidence-Based Practice Evolves From The Integration Of The Best Research Evidence With Clinical
Expertise And Patient Needs And Values. Studies That Attempt To Find Determinants Of Patient
Outcomes Are Generally Experimental Or Quasi-Experimental. They May Be Used To Guide EBP But Do
Not Completely Define It. EBP Is A Combination Of Guidelines And Specific Patient Needs And Values.
Quantitative And Qualitative Studies Applied To The Evaluation Of Patient Outcomes Are Part Of EBP
But Do Not Completely Define EBP.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
2.The Nurse Is Collecting Data About The Sleep Patterns Of Breastfed Babies As Part Of A Larger
Research Study. Which Research Method Will The Nurse Use When Collecting Data For This Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: B
,Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Control Can Be Described As The Ability To Write A
Prescription To Produce The Desired Results. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific
Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
3. The Nurse Is Participating In A Study And Is Collecting Data Identifying The Number Of Obese Adults
Whose Parents Were Also Obese Or Overweight. Which Research Method Is Being Used In This Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: D
Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation. By
Knowing The Percentage Of Parents Of Obese Adults Who Were Obese, The Probability Of Predicting
This May Be Calculated. Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The
Desired Results. Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing
Phenomena And The Relationships Among These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships
Among Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
4. The Nurse Reviews A Study In Which Adherence To An Asthma Action Plan Is Compared Among
Groups Of Young Adults Who Received Different Asthma Education. Which Research Method Does This
Represent?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: C
,Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome
Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
5. A Nurse Manager Is Interested In Earning Which Attitudes Among Staff Nurses May Indicate Relative
Risk Of Needle-Stick Injuries. To Study This, The Nurse Manager Will Employ Which Method Of Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: D
Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena
And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
6. Which Is The Most Important Result Of Florence Nightingale’s Data Collection And Statistical Analysis
During The Crimean War?
A. Bringing Awareness Of The Rigors Of War To The General Public In Relation To Care Practices
B. Developing A Process For Statistical Analysis And Nursing Documentation
C. Identifying And Defining The Role Of Nurses In Modern Health Care
D. Using Clinical Research To Evaluate The Need For Sanitation, Clean Drinking Water,
And Adequate Nutrition
ANSWER: D
Nightingale’s Research Enabled Her To Instigate Attitudinal, Organizational, And Social Changes,
Including The Military’s Approach To The Care Of The Sick And Society’s Sense Of Responsibility For
Testing Public Water, Improving Sanitation, And Preventing Starvation To Decrease Morbidity And
Mortality Rates. Bringing Awareness Of The Rigors Of War To The Public, Developing A Process For
,Statistical Analysis And Nursing Documentation, And Identifying And Defining The Role Of Nurses In
Modern Health Care Were Not The Most Important Results.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
7. The Nurse Participates In Data Collection In A Study In Which Two Different Pain Management
Protocols Are Used With Randomly Assigned Patients To Measure Differences In Postoperative Recovery
Time. Which Method Of Study Is This?
A. Control
B. Correlation
C. Description
D. Explanation
ANSWER: A
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Correlation Examines The Relationships Between Different Phenomena. Description Involves
Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The Relationships Among
These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena And Identifies Why
Certain Events Occur.
8. The Nurse Reviews A Study Exploring Experiences Of Nurses’ Decision-Making Processes Regarding
Reporting A Medical Error. Which Research Method Does This Represent?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: B
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Control Can Be Described As The Ability To Write A
Prescription To Produce The Desired Results. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific
Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
9. The Development Of Nursing Theories And Conceptual Models In The Late 1960s And 1970s Served To
,A. Determine The Effectiveness Of Nursing Interventions.
B. Establish The Concept Of Evidence-Based Practice.
C. Provide Funding For Nursing Research.
D. Provide Direction For Nursing Research.
ANSWER: D
The Theories Developed In The 1960s And 1970s Helped To Guide Future Nursing Research And
Practice. Outcome Studies Are Used To Determine The Effectiveness Of Nursing Interventions. The
Concept Of EBP Was Developed In The 1970s And Promoted By The ANCC Magnet Hospital
Designation Program. The NINR Seeks To Provide Funding For Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
10. The National Institute Of Nursing Research (NINR) Began To Change Its Focus To
A. Funding Nursing Rather Than Medical Research.
B. Evaluating Outcomes Rather Than Process Studies.
C. Increasing The Status And Funding For Nursing Research.
D. Supporting The Dissemination Of Nursing Research.
ANSWER: C
The National Center For Nursing Research (NCNR) Changed Its Name To The NINR To Increase The
Status And Funding Of Nursing Research. The Change In Focus From Medical To Nursing Research
Came About With The First Nursing Programs. Outcomes Research Emerged In The 1980s And 1990s
To Document The Effectiveness Of Healthcare Services. The NCNR’s Purpose Was To Support The
Conduct And Dissemination Of Knowledge Development Through Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
11. An Emphasis Of The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet Hospital Designation
Program For Excellence In Nursing Is
A. Research And Development Of Clinical Practice Guidelines.
B. Putting Qualitative Research Into Practice In Clinical Settings.
C. Using Standard Nursing Care Plans Based On Outcomes Research.
D. Utilizing Evidence-Based Practice In Nursing.
ANSWER: D
,ANCC Implemented The Magnet Hospital Designation Program For Excellence In Nursing Service In
1990 That Emphasized EBP For Nursing. Clinical Practice Guidelines Are A More Recent Phenomenon,
Using Evidence-Based Research, Expert Opinion, And Patient Needs And Values To Standardize Care.
Qualitative Research Was Introduced In The Late 1970s To Gain Insight Into The Phenomena Related
To Nursing. Outcomes Research Was Important In The 1980s To 1990s To Document The Effectiveness
Of Healthcare Services.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
12. In A Position Statement In 2006, The American Association Of Colleges Of Nursing (AACN) Identified
A Need To
A. Acquire Clinical Knowledge And Expertise.
B. Focus On Evidence-Based Practice.
C. Fund Academic Nursing Research.
D. Prepare A Workforce Of Nurse Scientists.
ANSWER: D
The AACN Identified The Importance Of Creating A Research Culture, Providing High-Quality
Educational Programs To Prepare A Workforce Of Nurse Scientists, Develop A Sound Research
Structure, And Obtain Funding For Nursing Research. Basic Nursing Education Focuses On Clinical
Knowledge And Expertise. Evidence-Based Practice Is A Focus Of ANCC And The Magnet Designation
Program For Excellence In Nursing Service. The NINR Focuses On Funding For Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
13. The Lead Agency Designated To Improve Healthcare Quality Is
A. Agency For Healthcare Research And Quality (AHRQ).
B. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
C. Quality And Safety Education For Nurses (QSEN).
D. National Institute For Nursing Research (NINR).
ANSWER: A
AHRQ Is A Scientific Partner With The Public And Private Sectors To Improve The Quality And Safety Of
Patient Care. ANCC Provides Credentialing For Advanced Practice Nurses And For Magnet Designation
For Excellence In Nursing Service. QSEN Is Focused On Developing The Requisite Skills, Knowledge, And
Attitude Statements For The Competencies For Prelicensure And Graduate Education. The National
,Institute Of Nursing Research Is A Federally Funded Arm Of The National Institutes Of Health,
Providing Nursing With Federal Support For Nursing Research Priorities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
14. To Help Fulfill The Mission Of The National Institute For Nursing Research—To Promote And Improve
The Health Of Individuals, Families, Communities, And Populations—A Study May Be Conducted That
A. Assesses The Effectiveness Of Strategies For Weight Management In Patients With Type 2
Diabetes.
B. Compares The Attitudes Of Nurses Toward Clients With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes.
C. Generates Up-To-Date Nursing Diagnoses Reflecting The Needs Of Clients With Type 2 Diabetes.
D. Reviews Hospital Nurses’ Adherence To Glucose-Monitoring Guidelines For Patients With Type 2
Diabetes.
ANSWER: A
A Study That Assesses The Effectiveness Of Interventions Helps To Improve The Health Of Patient
Populations By Identifying Appropriate Strategies. A Comparison Of Attitudes Is A Descriptive Study
That Does Not Improve Outcomes. A Study To Generate Nursing Diagnoses Does Not Directly Affect
Patient Outcomes. A Study Reviewing Adherence To Guidelines Seeks To Provide Data For Quality
Assurance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
15. Which Best Describes The Quality And Safety Education For Nurses (QSEN) Competency For
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A. Adhering To Published Guidelines To Provide Care For A Specific Population
B. Empowering Clients To Choose Among Effective Disease Management Strategies
C. Relying On Expert Knowledge To Guide Care Plan Development For An Individual
Patient
D. Using Evidence Gained Solely From Experimental Studies To Guide Care
ANSWER: B
The QSEN Competency For EBP Is Defined As Integrating The Best Evidence With Clinical Expertise And
Patient/Family Preferences. Strict Adherence To Guidelines Does Not Take The Patient/Family
Preferences Into Account. EBP Does Not Rely Solely On Expert Knowledge Or Experimental Studies.
Although Experimental Studies Provide The Highest Level Of Study Data, EBP Does Not Rely Solely On
Experimental Studies.
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
16. Through Knowledge Gained From Her Phenomenological Qualitative Study Identifying Levels Of
Experience Of Professional Nurses, Patricia Benner Would Identify Which Nurse As An Expert?
A. A Hospice Nurse Who Values The Unique Wishes Of Each Patient When Providing Palliative Care
B. A Medical-Surgical Nurse Who Organizes Care For A Group Of Patients To Ensure Timely
Administration Of Medications
C. A Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Who Is Skilled In Inserting Peripherally Inserted Central
Catheters
D. A Pediatric Nurse Who Notes Subtle Changes And Intervenes To Prevent Respiratory Failure
ANSWER: D
The Expert Nurse Has An Extensive Background Of Experience And Is Able To Identify And Accurately
Intervene Skillfully In A Situation. The Pediatric Nurse In This Case Recognizes Subtle Changes And Is
Able To Act To Prevent Serious Circumstances. The Proficient Nurse Views The
Patient As A Whole And Recognizes That Each Patient Responds Differently To Illness And Health. The
Competent Nurse Is Able To Achieve Goals And Plans And To Take Conscious Actions To
Organize And Provide Efficient Care. The NIC Nurse Is Also An Example Of A Competent Nurse Who Is
Skilled In A Procedure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
17. Which Study Exemplifies Qualitative Research?
A. A Study That Evaluates Appetite Among Residents Of A Long-Term Care Facility And Correlates
This Data With Whether Or Not Residents Are Rooming Together With Their Spouses
B. A Study That Defines Levels Of Appetite Based On Residents’ Descriptions Of Hunger In A Long-
Term Care Facility
C. A Study That Observes The Interactions Of Spouses During Mealtimes In A Long-Term Care
Facility
D. A Study That Observes The Effectiveness Of Spousal Encouragement To Eat On The Residents’
Quality Of Appetite In A Long-Term Care Facility
ANSWER: C
Qualitative Research Involves The Study Of People As They Interact In Their Sociohistorical Settings.
Correlational Studies Are Quantitative Studies. A Descriptive Study That Measures Appetite Is A
Quantitative Study. A Measure Of The Effectiveness Of An Intervention Is A Quasi-Experimental
Quantitative Study.
BY SUSAN GROVE, JENNIFER GRAY ALL CHAPTERS COVERED
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Introduction To Nursing Research And Its Importance In Building An Evidence-Based Practice
...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: Introduction To Quantitative Research................................................................................... 18
Chapter 03: Introduction To Qualitative Research ..................................................................................... 38
Chapter 04: Examining Ethics In Nursing Research .................................................................................... 59
Chapter 05: Examining Research Problems, Purposes, And Hypotheses ................................................... 78
Chapter 06: Understanding And Critically Appraising The Literature Review ............................................ 99
Chapter 07: Understanding Theory And Research Frameworks .............................................................. 116
Chapter 08: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs ............................................................................. 129
Chapter 09: Examining Populations And Samples In Research ................................................................ 148
Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement And Data Collection In Quantitative Research .............................. 170
Chapter 11: Critical Appraisal Of Quantitative And Qualitative Research For Nursing Practice .............. 192
Chapter 12: Building An Evidence-Based Nursing Practice....................................................................... 211
Chapter 13: Introduction To Additional Research Methodologies In Nursing: Mixed Methods And
Outcomes Research .................................................................................................................................. 223
,Chapter 01: Introduction To Nursing Research And Its Importance In
Building An Evidence-Based Practice
Grove: Understanding Nursing Research, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.Which Statement Best Describes Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A. A Combination Of Best Research Evidence, Clinical Expertise, And The Needs And Values Of
Patients
B. A Determination Of The Factors Necessary To Control Patient Responses To Care And Delivery
Of Care
C. The Development Of Population Care Guidelines Applicable To All Patients
D. The Utilization Of Quantitative And Qualitative Studies To Enhance Patient Outcomes
ANSWER: A
Evidence-Based Practice Evolves From The Integration Of The Best Research Evidence With Clinical
Expertise And Patient Needs And Values. Studies That Attempt To Find Determinants Of Patient
Outcomes Are Generally Experimental Or Quasi-Experimental. They May Be Used To Guide EBP But Do
Not Completely Define It. EBP Is A Combination Of Guidelines And Specific Patient Needs And Values.
Quantitative And Qualitative Studies Applied To The Evaluation Of Patient Outcomes Are Part Of EBP
But Do Not Completely Define EBP.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
2.The Nurse Is Collecting Data About The Sleep Patterns Of Breastfed Babies As Part Of A Larger
Research Study. Which Research Method Will The Nurse Use When Collecting Data For This Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: B
,Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Control Can Be Described As The Ability To Write A
Prescription To Produce The Desired Results. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific
Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
3. The Nurse Is Participating In A Study And Is Collecting Data Identifying The Number Of Obese Adults
Whose Parents Were Also Obese Or Overweight. Which Research Method Is Being Used In This Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: D
Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation. By
Knowing The Percentage Of Parents Of Obese Adults Who Were Obese, The Probability Of Predicting
This May Be Calculated. Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The
Desired Results. Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing
Phenomena And The Relationships Among These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships
Among Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
4. The Nurse Reviews A Study In Which Adherence To An Asthma Action Plan Is Compared Among
Groups Of Young Adults Who Received Different Asthma Education. Which Research Method Does This
Represent?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: C
,Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome
Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
5. A Nurse Manager Is Interested In Earning Which Attitudes Among Staff Nurses May Indicate Relative
Risk Of Needle-Stick Injuries. To Study This, The Nurse Manager Will Employ Which Method Of Study?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: D
Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena
And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
6. Which Is The Most Important Result Of Florence Nightingale’s Data Collection And Statistical Analysis
During The Crimean War?
A. Bringing Awareness Of The Rigors Of War To The General Public In Relation To Care Practices
B. Developing A Process For Statistical Analysis And Nursing Documentation
C. Identifying And Defining The Role Of Nurses In Modern Health Care
D. Using Clinical Research To Evaluate The Need For Sanitation, Clean Drinking Water,
And Adequate Nutrition
ANSWER: D
Nightingale’s Research Enabled Her To Instigate Attitudinal, Organizational, And Social Changes,
Including The Military’s Approach To The Care Of The Sick And Society’s Sense Of Responsibility For
Testing Public Water, Improving Sanitation, And Preventing Starvation To Decrease Morbidity And
Mortality Rates. Bringing Awareness Of The Rigors Of War To The Public, Developing A Process For
,Statistical Analysis And Nursing Documentation, And Identifying And Defining The Role Of Nurses In
Modern Health Care Were Not The Most Important Results.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
7. The Nurse Participates In Data Collection In A Study In Which Two Different Pain Management
Protocols Are Used With Randomly Assigned Patients To Measure Differences In Postoperative Recovery
Time. Which Method Of Study Is This?
A. Control
B. Correlation
C. Description
D. Explanation
ANSWER: A
Control Indicates The Ability To Use A Prescribed Intervention To Produce The Desired Results.
Correlation Examines The Relationships Between Different Phenomena. Description Involves
Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The Relationships Among
These Phenomena. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among Phenomena And Identifies Why
Certain Events Occur.
8. The Nurse Reviews A Study Exploring Experiences Of Nurses’ Decision-Making Processes Regarding
Reporting A Medical Error. Which Research Method Does This Represent?
A. Control
B. Description
C. Explanation
D. Prediction
ANSWER: B
Description Involves Identifying And Understanding The Nature Of Nursing Phenomena And The
Relationships Among These Phenomena. Control Can Be Described As The Ability To Write A
Prescription To Produce The Desired Results. Explanation Clarifies The Relationships Among
Phenomena And Identifies Why Certain Events Occur. Through Prediction, The Probability Of A Specific
Outcome Can Be Estimated In A Given Situation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
9. The Development Of Nursing Theories And Conceptual Models In The Late 1960s And 1970s Served To
,A. Determine The Effectiveness Of Nursing Interventions.
B. Establish The Concept Of Evidence-Based Practice.
C. Provide Funding For Nursing Research.
D. Provide Direction For Nursing Research.
ANSWER: D
The Theories Developed In The 1960s And 1970s Helped To Guide Future Nursing Research And
Practice. Outcome Studies Are Used To Determine The Effectiveness Of Nursing Interventions. The
Concept Of EBP Was Developed In The 1970s And Promoted By The ANCC Magnet Hospital
Designation Program. The NINR Seeks To Provide Funding For Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
10. The National Institute Of Nursing Research (NINR) Began To Change Its Focus To
A. Funding Nursing Rather Than Medical Research.
B. Evaluating Outcomes Rather Than Process Studies.
C. Increasing The Status And Funding For Nursing Research.
D. Supporting The Dissemination Of Nursing Research.
ANSWER: C
The National Center For Nursing Research (NCNR) Changed Its Name To The NINR To Increase The
Status And Funding Of Nursing Research. The Change In Focus From Medical To Nursing Research
Came About With The First Nursing Programs. Outcomes Research Emerged In The 1980s And 1990s
To Document The Effectiveness Of Healthcare Services. The NCNR’s Purpose Was To Support The
Conduct And Dissemination Of Knowledge Development Through Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
11. An Emphasis Of The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet Hospital Designation
Program For Excellence In Nursing Is
A. Research And Development Of Clinical Practice Guidelines.
B. Putting Qualitative Research Into Practice In Clinical Settings.
C. Using Standard Nursing Care Plans Based On Outcomes Research.
D. Utilizing Evidence-Based Practice In Nursing.
ANSWER: D
,ANCC Implemented The Magnet Hospital Designation Program For Excellence In Nursing Service In
1990 That Emphasized EBP For Nursing. Clinical Practice Guidelines Are A More Recent Phenomenon,
Using Evidence-Based Research, Expert Opinion, And Patient Needs And Values To Standardize Care.
Qualitative Research Was Introduced In The Late 1970s To Gain Insight Into The Phenomena Related
To Nursing. Outcomes Research Was Important In The 1980s To 1990s To Document The Effectiveness
Of Healthcare Services.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
12. In A Position Statement In 2006, The American Association Of Colleges Of Nursing (AACN) Identified
A Need To
A. Acquire Clinical Knowledge And Expertise.
B. Focus On Evidence-Based Practice.
C. Fund Academic Nursing Research.
D. Prepare A Workforce Of Nurse Scientists.
ANSWER: D
The AACN Identified The Importance Of Creating A Research Culture, Providing High-Quality
Educational Programs To Prepare A Workforce Of Nurse Scientists, Develop A Sound Research
Structure, And Obtain Funding For Nursing Research. Basic Nursing Education Focuses On Clinical
Knowledge And Expertise. Evidence-Based Practice Is A Focus Of ANCC And The Magnet Designation
Program For Excellence In Nursing Service. The NINR Focuses On Funding For Nursing Research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
13. The Lead Agency Designated To Improve Healthcare Quality Is
A. Agency For Healthcare Research And Quality (AHRQ).
B. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
C. Quality And Safety Education For Nurses (QSEN).
D. National Institute For Nursing Research (NINR).
ANSWER: A
AHRQ Is A Scientific Partner With The Public And Private Sectors To Improve The Quality And Safety Of
Patient Care. ANCC Provides Credentialing For Advanced Practice Nurses And For Magnet Designation
For Excellence In Nursing Service. QSEN Is Focused On Developing The Requisite Skills, Knowledge, And
Attitude Statements For The Competencies For Prelicensure And Graduate Education. The National
,Institute Of Nursing Research Is A Federally Funded Arm Of The National Institutes Of Health,
Providing Nursing With Federal Support For Nursing Research Priorities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
14. To Help Fulfill The Mission Of The National Institute For Nursing Research—To Promote And Improve
The Health Of Individuals, Families, Communities, And Populations—A Study May Be Conducted That
A. Assesses The Effectiveness Of Strategies For Weight Management In Patients With Type 2
Diabetes.
B. Compares The Attitudes Of Nurses Toward Clients With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes.
C. Generates Up-To-Date Nursing Diagnoses Reflecting The Needs Of Clients With Type 2 Diabetes.
D. Reviews Hospital Nurses’ Adherence To Glucose-Monitoring Guidelines For Patients With Type 2
Diabetes.
ANSWER: A
A Study That Assesses The Effectiveness Of Interventions Helps To Improve The Health Of Patient
Populations By Identifying Appropriate Strategies. A Comparison Of Attitudes Is A Descriptive Study
That Does Not Improve Outcomes. A Study To Generate Nursing Diagnoses Does Not Directly Affect
Patient Outcomes. A Study Reviewing Adherence To Guidelines Seeks To Provide Data For Quality
Assurance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
15. Which Best Describes The Quality And Safety Education For Nurses (QSEN) Competency For
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A. Adhering To Published Guidelines To Provide Care For A Specific Population
B. Empowering Clients To Choose Among Effective Disease Management Strategies
C. Relying On Expert Knowledge To Guide Care Plan Development For An Individual
Patient
D. Using Evidence Gained Solely From Experimental Studies To Guide Care
ANSWER: B
The QSEN Competency For EBP Is Defined As Integrating The Best Evidence With Clinical Expertise And
Patient/Family Preferences. Strict Adherence To Guidelines Does Not Take The Patient/Family
Preferences Into Account. EBP Does Not Rely Solely On Expert Knowledge Or Experimental Studies.
Although Experimental Studies Provide The Highest Level Of Study Data, EBP Does Not Rely Solely On
Experimental Studies.
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
16. Through Knowledge Gained From Her Phenomenological Qualitative Study Identifying Levels Of
Experience Of Professional Nurses, Patricia Benner Would Identify Which Nurse As An Expert?
A. A Hospice Nurse Who Values The Unique Wishes Of Each Patient When Providing Palliative Care
B. A Medical-Surgical Nurse Who Organizes Care For A Group Of Patients To Ensure Timely
Administration Of Medications
C. A Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Who Is Skilled In Inserting Peripherally Inserted Central
Catheters
D. A Pediatric Nurse Who Notes Subtle Changes And Intervenes To Prevent Respiratory Failure
ANSWER: D
The Expert Nurse Has An Extensive Background Of Experience And Is Able To Identify And Accurately
Intervene Skillfully In A Situation. The Pediatric Nurse In This Case Recognizes Subtle Changes And Is
Able To Act To Prevent Serious Circumstances. The Proficient Nurse Views The
Patient As A Whole And Recognizes That Each Patient Responds Differently To Illness And Health. The
Competent Nurse Is Able To Achieve Goals And Plans And To Take Conscious Actions To
Organize And Provide Efficient Care. The NIC Nurse Is Also An Example Of A Competent Nurse Who Is
Skilled In A Procedure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
17. Which Study Exemplifies Qualitative Research?
A. A Study That Evaluates Appetite Among Residents Of A Long-Term Care Facility And Correlates
This Data With Whether Or Not Residents Are Rooming Together With Their Spouses
B. A Study That Defines Levels Of Appetite Based On Residents’ Descriptions Of Hunger In A Long-
Term Care Facility
C. A Study That Observes The Interactions Of Spouses During Mealtimes In A Long-Term Care
Facility
D. A Study That Observes The Effectiveness Of Spousal Encouragement To Eat On The Residents’
Quality Of Appetite In A Long-Term Care Facility
ANSWER: C
Qualitative Research Involves The Study Of People As They Interact In Their Sociohistorical Settings.
Correlational Studies Are Quantitative Studies. A Descriptive Study That Measures Appetite Is A
Quantitative Study. A Measure Of The Effectiveness Of An Intervention Is A Quasi-Experimental
Quantitative Study.
