Fundamentals of Nursing 9th Edition zs zs zs zs
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
zs zs zs
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MULTIPLE CHOICE zs
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Florence Nightingale zs zs
zs zs
b. Mary Nutting zs zs
c. Clara Barton zs zs
zs zs
d. Lillian Wald zs zs
ANS: A zs zs
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z practices. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
of nursing practice is the nurse following?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Assessment zs
zs zs
b. Diagnosis zs
c. Planning zs
zs zs
d. Implementation zs
ANS: C zs zs
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
analyzes the
zs assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation,
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
,MSC:Management of Care zs zs
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
is
zs the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Novice zs
b. Proficient zs
c. Competent zs
d. Advanced beginner zs zs
ANS: A zs zs
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
health) is
zs an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical
zs zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
situation as a whole, is
zs able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or
zs zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
orthopedic patients). This nurse is a
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
aspects or principles of nursing care.
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
fluids. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse demonstrating?
zs z s zs
a. Licensure zs
b. Autonomy zs
c. Certification zs
d. Accountability zs
ANS: B zs zs
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
independent
zs nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®, the nurse
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care provided.
zs zs zs
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 zs
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse implementing?
zs z s zs
a. Educator zs
b. Manager zs
c. Advocate zs
d. Caregiver zs
ANS: B zs zs
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
an
zs educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care
zs activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or
zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
patient behavior,
zs and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
protect your patient’s
zs human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage
zs zs zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
disease and symptoms, and attain
zs a maximal level function and independence through the
zs zs zs zs zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
healing process.
zs zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 zs zs
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) zs zs zs zs zs
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
zs zs zs zs zs zs
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
ANS: B zs zs
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
programs
zs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse practitioners.
zs zs zs
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 zs
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Nurses Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Graduate education zs zs
b. Inservice education zs zs
c. Continuing education zs zs
d. Registered nurse education zs zs zs
ANS: C zs zs
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities,
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
health
zs care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields,
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
individual intending to be an RN.
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 zs zs
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
for Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Safety zs
b. Patient-centered care zs
c. Quality improvement zs zs
d. Teamwork and collaboration zs zs
ANS: C zs zs
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Patient- centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
partner in
zs providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s
zs zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
preferences, values,
zs and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
within nursing and
zs zs zs zs
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
zs zs zs
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MULTIPLE CHOICE zs
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Florence Nightingale zs zs
zs zs
b. Mary Nutting zs zs
c. Clara Barton zs zs
zs zs
d. Lillian Wald zs zs
ANS: A zs zs
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z practices. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
of nursing practice is the nurse following?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Assessment zs
zs zs
b. Diagnosis zs
c. Planning zs
zs zs
d. Implementation zs
ANS: C zs zs
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
analyzes the
zs assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation,
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
,MSC:Management of Care zs zs
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
is
zs the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Novice zs
b. Proficient zs
c. Competent zs
d. Advanced beginner zs zs
ANS: A zs zs
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
health) is
zs an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical
zs zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
situation as a whole, is
zs able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or
zs zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
orthopedic patients). This nurse is a
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
aspects or principles of nursing care.
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 zs zs
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
fluids. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse demonstrating?
zs z s zs
a. Licensure zs
b. Autonomy zs
c. Certification zs
d. Accountability zs
ANS: B zs zs
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
independent
zs nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®, the nurse
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care provided.
zs zs zs
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 zs
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse implementing?
zs z s zs
a. Educator zs
b. Manager zs
c. Advocate zs
d. Caregiver zs
ANS: B zs zs
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
an
zs educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care
zs activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or
zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
patient behavior,
zs and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
protect your patient’s
zs human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights
zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage
zs zs zs zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
disease and symptoms, and attain
zs a maximal level function and independence through the
zs zs zs zs zs z s z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
healing process.
zs zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 zs zs
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s MSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc)
zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) zs zs zs zs zs
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP)
zs zs zs zs zs zs
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
ANS: B zs zs
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
programs
zs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
nurse practitioners.
zs zs zs
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 zs
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Nurses Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Graduate education zs zs
b. Inservice education zs zs
c. Continuing education zs zs
d. Registered nurse education zs zs zs
ANS: C zs zs
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities,
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and
s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
health
zs care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue
z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields,
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an
zs zs zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
individual intending to be an RN.
zs zs zs zs z s zs zs
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 zs zs
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
z s TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care zs zs zs
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
for Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
a. Safety zs
b. Patient-centered care zs
c. Quality improvement zs zs
d. Teamwork and collaboration zs zs
ANS: C zs zs
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.
zs z s zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Patient- centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full
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partner in
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preferences, values,
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within nursing and
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