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PATHO CH 18 Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation 2025
1. A nurse recalls that direct stimulation of the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas by the
autonomic nervous system is an example of which type of control?
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Neural ...page429
D. Substrate-level dependent
2. Which of the following is an example of the protein hormone?
A. Thyroxine (T ) 4
B. Aldosterone
C. Testosterone
D. Insulin… pg.440,430
3. A patient who has elevated thyroxine production should be assessed for which
accompanying condition.
A. Increased thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH)
B. Increased anterior pituitary stimulation
C. Decreased T 4
D. Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)…pg 430
4. Which of the following is a water-soluble amine?
A. Growth hormone (GH) /
B. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D. Epinephrine…pg 430
5. What type of effect occurs when insulin binds to its receptors on muscle cells, resulting in an
increase in glucose uptake by those muscle cells?
A. Pharmacologic
B. Permissive
C. Biphasic
D. Direct….pg432
6. Which control mechanism will a patient’s target cells implement in order to adapt to high
hormone concentrations?
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A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Downregulation….pg 431/439
D. Upregulation
7. How do lipid- soluble hormone receptors cross the plasma membrane?
A. Diffusion….pg.20,431
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Endocytosis
8. How do the releasing hormones that are made in the hypothalamus travel to the anterior
pituitary?
A. Vessels of the zona fasciculata
B. Chromophils
C. Median eminence
D. Hypophyseal portal system….pg.435,433
9. Which organ contains prolactin-inhibiting factor’s target tissue?
A. Hypothalamus
B. Anterior pituitary….pg.4361434
C. Mammary glands
D. Posterior pituitary
10. When a staff member asks the nurse which gland secretes ADH and oxytocin, how should
the nurse respond?
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Posterior pituitary….pg.447,436
C. Hypothalamus
D. Pineal
11. If a patient’s posterior pituitary is removed, which hormone would the nurse expect to
decrease?
A. PRF
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B. ADH…..pg.447,436
C. ACTH
D. Growth hormone (GH)
12. ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?
A. Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys.
B. High plasma osmolarity sensed by osmoreceptors in the
hypothalamus……pg.436
C. Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys.
D. High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the
carotid body.
13. Where are the target cells for oxytocin located?
A. Renal tubules
B. Thymus
C. Liver
D. Uterus…pg.437
14. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to be increased in a patient with deficient
ADH production?
A. Blood volume
B. Urine osmolality
C. Urine volume…pg.436
D. Arterial vasoconstriction
15. A 70-year-old female has brittle bones secondary to osteoporosis. Her primary care provider
prescribes calcitonin to:
A. Activate vitamin D.
B. Stimulate osteoclastic activity.
C. Inhibit calcium resorption from bones……pg.438
D. Promote thyroid hormone release.
16. Which nutrient would the nurse encourage the patient to consume for thyroid hormone
synthesis?
A. Zinc
B. Sodium
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C. Iodine….pg.438
D. Calcium
17. Which of the following lab results would indicate a slowdown in the rate of parathyroid
hormone secretion?
A. Increased serum calcium levels…pg.439
B. Decreased serum calcium levels
C. Decreased levels of TSH
D. Increased levels of TSH
18. A 40-year-old patient undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumor in which the parathyroid
is removed. Which physiologic alteration would the nurse expect following
surgery?
A. Increased serum calcium
B. Decreased bone formation
C. Decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney pg..439
D. Increased calcitonin
19. Insulin is primarily regulated by:
A. Metabolic rate.
B. Serum glucose levels.pg.440
C. Prostaglandins.
D. Enzyme activation.
20. A patient is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the pancreas alpha cells. Which of
the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?
A. Amylin
B. Glucagon….pg.439..441
C. Insulin
D. Somatostatin
21. A nurse recalls insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of
electrolytes?
A. Sodium, chloride, phosphate
B. Calcium, magnesium, potassium
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PATHO CH 18 Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation 2025
1. A nurse recalls that direct stimulation of the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas by the
autonomic nervous system is an example of which type of control?
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Neural ...page429
D. Substrate-level dependent
2. Which of the following is an example of the protein hormone?
A. Thyroxine (T ) 4
B. Aldosterone
C. Testosterone
D. Insulin… pg.440,430
3. A patient who has elevated thyroxine production should be assessed for which
accompanying condition.
A. Increased thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH)
B. Increased anterior pituitary stimulation
C. Decreased T 4
D. Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)…pg 430
4. Which of the following is a water-soluble amine?
A. Growth hormone (GH) /
B. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D. Epinephrine…pg 430
5. What type of effect occurs when insulin binds to its receptors on muscle cells, resulting in an
increase in glucose uptake by those muscle cells?
A. Pharmacologic
B. Permissive
C. Biphasic
D. Direct….pg432
6. Which control mechanism will a patient’s target cells implement in order to adapt to high
hormone concentrations?
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
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A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Downregulation….pg 431/439
D. Upregulation
7. How do lipid- soluble hormone receptors cross the plasma membrane?
A. Diffusion….pg.20,431
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Endocytosis
8. How do the releasing hormones that are made in the hypothalamus travel to the anterior
pituitary?
A. Vessels of the zona fasciculata
B. Chromophils
C. Median eminence
D. Hypophyseal portal system….pg.435,433
9. Which organ contains prolactin-inhibiting factor’s target tissue?
A. Hypothalamus
B. Anterior pituitary….pg.4361434
C. Mammary glands
D. Posterior pituitary
10. When a staff member asks the nurse which gland secretes ADH and oxytocin, how should
the nurse respond?
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Posterior pituitary….pg.447,436
C. Hypothalamus
D. Pineal
11. If a patient’s posterior pituitary is removed, which hormone would the nurse expect to
decrease?
A. PRF
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
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B. ADH…..pg.447,436
C. ACTH
D. Growth hormone (GH)
12. ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?
A. Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys.
B. High plasma osmolarity sensed by osmoreceptors in the
hypothalamus……pg.436
C. Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys.
D. High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the
carotid body.
13. Where are the target cells for oxytocin located?
A. Renal tubules
B. Thymus
C. Liver
D. Uterus…pg.437
14. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to be increased in a patient with deficient
ADH production?
A. Blood volume
B. Urine osmolality
C. Urine volume…pg.436
D. Arterial vasoconstriction
15. A 70-year-old female has brittle bones secondary to osteoporosis. Her primary care provider
prescribes calcitonin to:
A. Activate vitamin D.
B. Stimulate osteoclastic activity.
C. Inhibit calcium resorption from bones……pg.438
D. Promote thyroid hormone release.
16. Which nutrient would the nurse encourage the patient to consume for thyroid hormone
synthesis?
A. Zinc
B. Sodium
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C. Iodine….pg.438
D. Calcium
17. Which of the following lab results would indicate a slowdown in the rate of parathyroid
hormone secretion?
A. Increased serum calcium levels…pg.439
B. Decreased serum calcium levels
C. Decreased levels of TSH
D. Increased levels of TSH
18. A 40-year-old patient undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumor in which the parathyroid
is removed. Which physiologic alteration would the nurse expect following
surgery?
A. Increased serum calcium
B. Decreased bone formation
C. Decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney pg..439
D. Increased calcitonin
19. Insulin is primarily regulated by:
A. Metabolic rate.
B. Serum glucose levels.pg.440
C. Prostaglandins.
D. Enzyme activation.
20. A patient is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the pancreas alpha cells. Which of
the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?
A. Amylin
B. Glucagon….pg.439..441
C. Insulin
D. Somatostatin
21. A nurse recalls insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of
electrolytes?
A. Sodium, chloride, phosphate
B. Calcium, magnesium, potassium
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