Rollins Test #1 Exam |100 Questions and
answers
What is psychology - -The study of cognitive and behavioral processes.
- What is arm-chair psychology and why is it unscientific - -Arm-chair
psychology is when ideas that confirm one's beliefs are used in research,
(you don't have to get out of your arm-chair).
- What did Wilhelm Wundt do - -1879, first psychology lab.
- How has psychology shifted between the study of cognition and the study
of behavior (i.e., behaviorism backlash, etc.) - -Until the 1920's, cognitive
studies were used. Went to behavioral in the 1960's, and as technology
developed, we went back to using both due to the advent of imaging
technology.
- What is the difference between clinical psychologists and psychiatrists - -
Psychologists get their PHD, can't prescribe medication, and are focused
primarily on therapy. Psychiatrists get their MD, can prescribe medication,
and are focus on physiology.
- What do clinical psychologists do - -Diagnosis and treatment of
psychological issues.
- What do biological psychologists do - -Measure the influence of biology on
psychological processes.
- What do cognitive psychologists do - -Study mental processes.
- What do developmental psychologists do - -Study how people change over
their lifespan.
- What do personality psychologists do - -Study individual differences.
- What do abnormal psychologists do - -Study psychological disorders.
- What do social psychologists do - -Study interpersonal differences.
- What is the biopsychosocial approach - -Looking at biology, psychology,
and sociology to address psychological issues.
- What is the nature or nurture debate, what's wrong with it, and what do
genes do - -Nature v nurture is the debate between genetics v development,
, but you can't separate the two because we are born with genes that can or
cannot be expressed, depending on environmental conditions. Genes code
for the making of proteins.
- What are the aspects of critical thinking we covered - -Question yourself,
look for potential biases, inspect evidence, don't assume you're right, etc.
- What is ethnocentrism - -Assuming that your culture's way of doing things
is the right way.
- Why should you be cautious when it comes to scientific reports in the
media - -They are not always statistically significant, correlation doesn't
equal causation, author credibility, etc.
- In terms of the scientific method, what is a theory - -What is a hypothesis?
Theory: idea tested through experimental methods. Hypothesis: claim about
the effect of one variable on another.
- What are case studies, in what circumstances are they performed, and
what is a major shortcoming of case study research - -The study of one
person/animal, perfomed to study abnormal behavior. A shortcoming is that
case studies don't prove anything, only address one person's issues.
- What is naturalistic observation - -Observing a person without any
manipulation.
- What are surveys - -A questionnaire or interview to gather data.
- What is sampling - -The act of choosing people from a given population.
- What is a representative sample and why is it important, what kinds of
samples are more likely to be representative, what is volunteer bias - -A
representative sample is choosing the right people for your study, hopefully
random. Larger samples are more representative. Volunteer bias is when
people who volunteer are more inclined to participate, which creates bias.
- What are some factors that influence how people respond to survey
questions - -Wording, volunteer bias, and (other confounding variables).
- What kind of information does correlational analysis provide - -What are
positive correlations and negative correlations? - be able to identify these in
examples. Correlational analysis proves how much variation in one variable
predicts variation in another. Positive correlation: positive change in x =
positive change in Y. Negative = same.
answers
What is psychology - -The study of cognitive and behavioral processes.
- What is arm-chair psychology and why is it unscientific - -Arm-chair
psychology is when ideas that confirm one's beliefs are used in research,
(you don't have to get out of your arm-chair).
- What did Wilhelm Wundt do - -1879, first psychology lab.
- How has psychology shifted between the study of cognition and the study
of behavior (i.e., behaviorism backlash, etc.) - -Until the 1920's, cognitive
studies were used. Went to behavioral in the 1960's, and as technology
developed, we went back to using both due to the advent of imaging
technology.
- What is the difference between clinical psychologists and psychiatrists - -
Psychologists get their PHD, can't prescribe medication, and are focused
primarily on therapy. Psychiatrists get their MD, can prescribe medication,
and are focus on physiology.
- What do clinical psychologists do - -Diagnosis and treatment of
psychological issues.
- What do biological psychologists do - -Measure the influence of biology on
psychological processes.
- What do cognitive psychologists do - -Study mental processes.
- What do developmental psychologists do - -Study how people change over
their lifespan.
- What do personality psychologists do - -Study individual differences.
- What do abnormal psychologists do - -Study psychological disorders.
- What do social psychologists do - -Study interpersonal differences.
- What is the biopsychosocial approach - -Looking at biology, psychology,
and sociology to address psychological issues.
- What is the nature or nurture debate, what's wrong with it, and what do
genes do - -Nature v nurture is the debate between genetics v development,
, but you can't separate the two because we are born with genes that can or
cannot be expressed, depending on environmental conditions. Genes code
for the making of proteins.
- What are the aspects of critical thinking we covered - -Question yourself,
look for potential biases, inspect evidence, don't assume you're right, etc.
- What is ethnocentrism - -Assuming that your culture's way of doing things
is the right way.
- Why should you be cautious when it comes to scientific reports in the
media - -They are not always statistically significant, correlation doesn't
equal causation, author credibility, etc.
- In terms of the scientific method, what is a theory - -What is a hypothesis?
Theory: idea tested through experimental methods. Hypothesis: claim about
the effect of one variable on another.
- What are case studies, in what circumstances are they performed, and
what is a major shortcoming of case study research - -The study of one
person/animal, perfomed to study abnormal behavior. A shortcoming is that
case studies don't prove anything, only address one person's issues.
- What is naturalistic observation - -Observing a person without any
manipulation.
- What are surveys - -A questionnaire or interview to gather data.
- What is sampling - -The act of choosing people from a given population.
- What is a representative sample and why is it important, what kinds of
samples are more likely to be representative, what is volunteer bias - -A
representative sample is choosing the right people for your study, hopefully
random. Larger samples are more representative. Volunteer bias is when
people who volunteer are more inclined to participate, which creates bias.
- What are some factors that influence how people respond to survey
questions - -Wording, volunteer bias, and (other confounding variables).
- What kind of information does correlational analysis provide - -What are
positive correlations and negative correlations? - be able to identify these in
examples. Correlational analysis proves how much variation in one variable
predicts variation in another. Positive correlation: positive change in x =
positive change in Y. Negative = same.
