Social Psychology Final|Questions With Correct
Answers|Verified
What factors influence why we help or fail to help others? - ✔️Factors include social
norms, evolutionary psychology, situational influences, and psychological processes.
What is the Social Exchange Theory in the context of helping behavior? - ✔️It suggests
that people weigh the costs and benefits of helping; if the benefits outweigh the costs,
they are more likely to help.
What is the Reciprocity Norm? - ✔️The obligation to help someone who has previously
helped us, typically in a proportional manner.
What is the Social Responsibility Norm? - ✔️The belief that we should help those in
need if we have the ability to do so.
What does Kin Selection refer to in evolutionary psychology? - ✔️The tendency to help
those who are genetically related to us, such as siblings and parents.
What is the Bystander Effect? - ✔️The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to
help a victim when other people are present.
What was the Kitty Genovese incident? - ✔️A case where a woman was attacked and
murdered while 38 witnesses did not intervene or call for help.
What is the Fundamental Attribution Error in the context of the Bystander Effect? -
✔️The tendency to attribute others' inaction to their character, such as believing New
Yorkers are uncaring.
What are the steps in Latane & Darley's decision tree model? - ✔️1. Noticing the
problem, 2. Interpreting the situation as a need for help, 3. Assuming responsibility for
giving help.
What is Pluralistic Ignorance? - ✔️The belief that if others are not responding to an
emergency, it must not be an emergency.
What is Diffusion of Responsibility? - ✔️The feeling that others will take responsibility in
an emergency, leading to inaction.
What factors reduce the likelihood of helping in the presence of bystanders? -
✔️Ambiguous situations, strangers as bystanders, difficult-to-interpret reactions, and
an increasing number of bystanders.
, How do time pressures affect helping behavior? - ✔️People under time constraints are
less likely to help, as shown in Darley & Batson's 'Good Samaritan' study.
What was the outcome of the 'Good Samaritan' study? - ✔️Seminarian participants
who were told they were late were less likely to help a victim than those who were not
under time pressure.
How does guilt influence helping behavior? - ✔️Individuals feeling guilty are more likely
to help others, as shown in McMillen & Austin's study.
What is the Negative State Relief Hypothesis? - ✔️The idea that helping others can
improve one's mood and self-esteem.
How does positive affect influence helping behavior? - ✔️Positive emotions increase
the likelihood of helping, as demonstrated in Isen et al.'s studies.
What role does religiosity play in helping behavior? - ✔️Religiosity can interact with
situational context to influence the likelihood of helping.
What is the significance of the 'Epileptic Seizure' experiment? - ✔️It illustrates the
psychological processes underlying the Bystander Effect, particularly diffusion of
responsibility.
What is the relationship between sadness and helping behavior? - ✔️Sadness can
increase helping behavior, as individuals may seek to alleviate their negative feelings by
helping others.
What is the role of affective state in influencing helping behavior? - ✔️The emotional
state of potential helpers, such as guilt or sadness, can significantly affect their
willingness to help.
What is the impact of ambiguous situations on helping behavior? - ✔️Ambiguous
situations reduce the likelihood of individuals helping due to uncertainty about whether
help is needed.
What is the difference in helping behavior between people high and low in religiosity in
public contexts? - ✔️People high in religiosity help more than those low in religiosity.
How does religiosity affect helping behavior in private contexts? - ✔️There is no
difference in helping behavior between low and high religiosity subjects.
In experimental studies, which gender tends to help more, and in what context? -
✔️Men help more than women, especially in one-time acts requiring physical or
expertise behavior, such as fixing a flat tire.
Answers|Verified
What factors influence why we help or fail to help others? - ✔️Factors include social
norms, evolutionary psychology, situational influences, and psychological processes.
What is the Social Exchange Theory in the context of helping behavior? - ✔️It suggests
that people weigh the costs and benefits of helping; if the benefits outweigh the costs,
they are more likely to help.
What is the Reciprocity Norm? - ✔️The obligation to help someone who has previously
helped us, typically in a proportional manner.
What is the Social Responsibility Norm? - ✔️The belief that we should help those in
need if we have the ability to do so.
What does Kin Selection refer to in evolutionary psychology? - ✔️The tendency to help
those who are genetically related to us, such as siblings and parents.
What is the Bystander Effect? - ✔️The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to
help a victim when other people are present.
What was the Kitty Genovese incident? - ✔️A case where a woman was attacked and
murdered while 38 witnesses did not intervene or call for help.
What is the Fundamental Attribution Error in the context of the Bystander Effect? -
✔️The tendency to attribute others' inaction to their character, such as believing New
Yorkers are uncaring.
What are the steps in Latane & Darley's decision tree model? - ✔️1. Noticing the
problem, 2. Interpreting the situation as a need for help, 3. Assuming responsibility for
giving help.
What is Pluralistic Ignorance? - ✔️The belief that if others are not responding to an
emergency, it must not be an emergency.
What is Diffusion of Responsibility? - ✔️The feeling that others will take responsibility in
an emergency, leading to inaction.
What factors reduce the likelihood of helping in the presence of bystanders? -
✔️Ambiguous situations, strangers as bystanders, difficult-to-interpret reactions, and
an increasing number of bystanders.
, How do time pressures affect helping behavior? - ✔️People under time constraints are
less likely to help, as shown in Darley & Batson's 'Good Samaritan' study.
What was the outcome of the 'Good Samaritan' study? - ✔️Seminarian participants
who were told they were late were less likely to help a victim than those who were not
under time pressure.
How does guilt influence helping behavior? - ✔️Individuals feeling guilty are more likely
to help others, as shown in McMillen & Austin's study.
What is the Negative State Relief Hypothesis? - ✔️The idea that helping others can
improve one's mood and self-esteem.
How does positive affect influence helping behavior? - ✔️Positive emotions increase
the likelihood of helping, as demonstrated in Isen et al.'s studies.
What role does religiosity play in helping behavior? - ✔️Religiosity can interact with
situational context to influence the likelihood of helping.
What is the significance of the 'Epileptic Seizure' experiment? - ✔️It illustrates the
psychological processes underlying the Bystander Effect, particularly diffusion of
responsibility.
What is the relationship between sadness and helping behavior? - ✔️Sadness can
increase helping behavior, as individuals may seek to alleviate their negative feelings by
helping others.
What is the role of affective state in influencing helping behavior? - ✔️The emotional
state of potential helpers, such as guilt or sadness, can significantly affect their
willingness to help.
What is the impact of ambiguous situations on helping behavior? - ✔️Ambiguous
situations reduce the likelihood of individuals helping due to uncertainty about whether
help is needed.
What is the difference in helping behavior between people high and low in religiosity in
public contexts? - ✔️People high in religiosity help more than those low in religiosity.
How does religiosity affect helping behavior in private contexts? - ✔️There is no
difference in helping behavior between low and high religiosity subjects.
In experimental studies, which gender tends to help more, and in what context? -
✔️Men help more than women, especially in one-time acts requiring physical or
expertise behavior, such as fixing a flat tire.
