Nursing Pharmacology questions with
correct answers
Absorption ✅✅the process by which drug molecules move from their site of
administration to the blood
Affinity ✅✅the ability of some tissues to attract, accumulate and store drugs in high
concentrations relative to other tissues
blood-brain barrier ✅✅Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain
substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out
diffusion ✅✅process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are
more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
distribution ✅✅the transport of drugs throughout the body after they are absorbed
drug-protein complexes ✅✅formed when a drugh that binds reversibly to a plasma
protein, particularly albumin, that makes the drug unavailable for distribution to its site of
action
enterohepatic recirculation ✅✅recycling of drugs and other substances by the
circulation of bile through the intestine and liver
enzyme induction ✅✅process by whick a drug increases the activity of the hepatic
microsomal enzymes
excretion ✅✅the process of removing substances from the body
first-pass effect ✅✅mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed enter into the hepatic
portal circulation and are inactivated by the liver before they reach the general
circulation
fetal-placental barrier ✅✅special anatomic barrier that inhibits many chemicals and
drugs from entering the fetus
hepatic microsomal enzyme system ✅✅as it relates to phamacotherapy, liver
enzymes that metabolize drugs as well as nutrients and other endogenous substances,
sometimes called the P-450 System
isozymes ✅✅multiple similar forms of an enzyme that perform slightly different
metabolic functions
, loading dose ✅✅relatively large dose of a drug given at the beginning of treatment to
rapidly obtain a therapeutic response
maintenance doses ✅✅amount of drug that keeps the plasma drug concentration in
the therapeutic range
metabolism ✅✅the process used by the body to chemically change a drug molecule,
also called biotransformation
minimum effective concentration ✅✅amount of drug required to produce a
therapeutic effect
pharmacokinetics ✅✅study of drug movement throughout the body
plasma half-life ✅✅the length of time required for the plasma concentration of a drug
to decrease by one half after administration
prodrugs ✅✅drugs that become more active after they are metabolized
substrate ✅✅drug that is metabolized by a CYP enzyme
therapeutic drug monitoring ✅✅practice of monitoring plasma levels of drughs that
have low safety profiles and using the data to predict drugh action or toxicity
therapeutic range ✅✅dosage that produces the desired effects of a drug
toxic concentration ✅✅level of drug that results in serious adverse effects
agonist ✅✅drug that activates a receptor and produces the same type of response as
the endogenous substance
antagonist ✅✅agent that blocks the response of another drug
dose-response relationship ✅✅the way a patient responds to varying doses of a drug
efficacy ✅✅the maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug
frequency distrubtion curve ✅✅a graphic representation of the actual number of
patients responding to a particular drug action at different doses
idiosyncratic response ✅✅unpredictable and unexplained drug reaction
intrinsic activity ✅✅the ability of a drug to bind to a receptor and produce a strong
action
correct answers
Absorption ✅✅the process by which drug molecules move from their site of
administration to the blood
Affinity ✅✅the ability of some tissues to attract, accumulate and store drugs in high
concentrations relative to other tissues
blood-brain barrier ✅✅Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain
substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out
diffusion ✅✅process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are
more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
distribution ✅✅the transport of drugs throughout the body after they are absorbed
drug-protein complexes ✅✅formed when a drugh that binds reversibly to a plasma
protein, particularly albumin, that makes the drug unavailable for distribution to its site of
action
enterohepatic recirculation ✅✅recycling of drugs and other substances by the
circulation of bile through the intestine and liver
enzyme induction ✅✅process by whick a drug increases the activity of the hepatic
microsomal enzymes
excretion ✅✅the process of removing substances from the body
first-pass effect ✅✅mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed enter into the hepatic
portal circulation and are inactivated by the liver before they reach the general
circulation
fetal-placental barrier ✅✅special anatomic barrier that inhibits many chemicals and
drugs from entering the fetus
hepatic microsomal enzyme system ✅✅as it relates to phamacotherapy, liver
enzymes that metabolize drugs as well as nutrients and other endogenous substances,
sometimes called the P-450 System
isozymes ✅✅multiple similar forms of an enzyme that perform slightly different
metabolic functions
, loading dose ✅✅relatively large dose of a drug given at the beginning of treatment to
rapidly obtain a therapeutic response
maintenance doses ✅✅amount of drug that keeps the plasma drug concentration in
the therapeutic range
metabolism ✅✅the process used by the body to chemically change a drug molecule,
also called biotransformation
minimum effective concentration ✅✅amount of drug required to produce a
therapeutic effect
pharmacokinetics ✅✅study of drug movement throughout the body
plasma half-life ✅✅the length of time required for the plasma concentration of a drug
to decrease by one half after administration
prodrugs ✅✅drugs that become more active after they are metabolized
substrate ✅✅drug that is metabolized by a CYP enzyme
therapeutic drug monitoring ✅✅practice of monitoring plasma levels of drughs that
have low safety profiles and using the data to predict drugh action or toxicity
therapeutic range ✅✅dosage that produces the desired effects of a drug
toxic concentration ✅✅level of drug that results in serious adverse effects
agonist ✅✅drug that activates a receptor and produces the same type of response as
the endogenous substance
antagonist ✅✅agent that blocks the response of another drug
dose-response relationship ✅✅the way a patient responds to varying doses of a drug
efficacy ✅✅the maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug
frequency distrubtion curve ✅✅a graphic representation of the actual number of
patients responding to a particular drug action at different doses
idiosyncratic response ✅✅unpredictable and unexplained drug reaction
intrinsic activity ✅✅the ability of a drug to bind to a receptor and produce a strong
action
