Test Bank for Gordis Epidemiology 6th Edition by David D Celentano, A+ guide

Gordis Epidemiology 6th Edition Celentano Test Bank g g g g g g




Chapter 01: Introduction bb bb




Celentano: Gordis Epidemiology, 6th Edition bb bb bb bb




bb Test Bank bb




MULTIPLE CHOICE bb




1. Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?
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a. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than thegage of 1 year bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb



b. Surgical amputation of an extremitywith osteosarcoma (bonegcancer)
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c. Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb



d. Sexual education program in elementaryschools
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e. Increasing taxes for buyinggcigarettes bb bb bb




bb ANS: B bb




Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bonegcancer) is an example in whichgw
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hen a disease is present the treatment (amputation) is done to reduce the impact of disease by pr
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eventing the tumor from dissemination. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the
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age of 1 year, sexual education program in elementary schools, and increasing taxes for buying
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cigarettes represent examples of primary prevention. Screeninggfor gestational diabetes after 24
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weeks of pregnancy is an example of secondary prevention.
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2. This historic character observedNtU h bb aRt S chIilN
dbGeT
d Bf e.v eCr Om Mo r t a l i t y bb bb bb bb b b bb



wasgmoregcommongamongg women treated by physicians and medical students compared with
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women treated by midwi ves. Based on his observations, he implemented a hand wash policy
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that resulted in a decreas e in mortality. Name the character that we are talking about.
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a. John Snow bb



b. Edward Jenner bb



c. D.A. Henderson bb



d. LeongGordis
e. Ignaz Semmelweis bb




ANS: E
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Ignaz Semmelweis identified that medical students and physicians transmitted the disease by n
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ot washing their hands after examininggbodies at autopsies and conducting multiple examinati
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,bb ons in the clinic.
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3. Thanks to the contributions of Edward Jenner, the followinggdisease was eradicated later
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by efforts organized by D.A. Henderson:
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a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika

,ANS: B bb




Smallpox was eradicated in 1980. EdwardgJenner vaccinated James Phipps ing1796 against s
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mallpox. Almost 200 years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned
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D.A. Henderson to lead thegefforts to eradicategthegdisease.
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4. Over the past century, a marked decline in the mortality rates of many infectious diseases h
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as been observed. Which of the followinggis the most likely reason for the observed decline in
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mortality rates from common infectious diseases?
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a. Development of penicillin bb bb



b. Development of insulin bb bb



c. Development of vaccines bb bb



d. Improvement in social conditions bb bb bb



e. Worse sanitation and unsafe water
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bb ANS: D bb




Although medical treatments potentially helpedgin the decrease of infectious diseases, the a
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dvancement in social conditions played a major role. These improvements include better sa
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nitation, safe disposal of waste, better nutrition, and improvement in housing
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conditions.
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, Chapter02: The Dynamics of Disease Transmission b bb bb bb bb bb




Celentano: Gordis Epidemiology, 6th Edition MULTIPL bb bb bb bb bb




bb E CHOICE bb




1. Which term most accurately describes the followinggdefinition? “Thegoccurrencegin a com
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munity or region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-
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related events clearly in excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed. A Dictionary of Epidemi
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ology. New York: Oxford University Press; 2014.]
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a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attack rate bb



e. Incubationgperiod

ANS: B
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An epidemic is the occurrence of health-
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related events in a community or region, in clear excess of normal expectation. Endemic is not
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true because it is defined as thegconstant occurrence of a disease, disorder, or noxious infectio
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us agent in a geographic area or populationggroup. Pandemic is not true because it isgdefined as
an epidemic occurring over a NRIGB.C
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verygwidearea, crossing internationUal bSounNdarTies, andOusuallyaffectinggaglargegnumberof
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people. Attack rate is not truegbecause it is defined as number of people at risk in whom a certa in
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illness develops over total number of people at risk. Incubation period is not true because it is
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the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of reco
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gnizable symptoms).
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2. What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of anginfectious disease)?
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a. The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizablegsymptoms
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b. The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of r
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ecognizable symptoms)
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c. The time of invasion by an infectious agent
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d. The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent
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e. The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness
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bb ANS: B bb




The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of
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clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between the mo
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ment of developing symptoms and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “Thegtime o
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f onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms” is not true as itgcorresponds
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t o “time of onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious agent” is not true as itgcorresponds
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to “time of infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion
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of the agent” and “The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness” are not true
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as t hey correspond to the latent period. (Theglatent period is
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