TEST BANK Animal Diversity 9/E Cleveland Hickman
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Chapter 01 9e d d
1) A characteristic of science is that
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A) it is not explained by natural laws.
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B) its hypotheses are testable.d d d
C) its conclusions are final. d d d
D) it is not falsifiable.
d d d
E) it seeks to define the vitalistic forces of life.
d d d d d d d d
2) During the creation court case in Arkansas, Judge Overton defined the essential properties of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dscience. Which statement is NOT true about science?
d d d d d d d
A) Science is concerned about understanding the natural world.
d d d d d d d
B) Science approaches data in a personal or subjective manner.
d d d d d d d d
C) Conclusions of science are subject to change based on new findings.
d d d d d d d d d d
D) Science establishes hypotheses that have the potential to be tested and disproved.
d d d d d d d d d d d
3) Much of science is based on an approach known as the
d d d d d d d d d d d method.
A) natural
B) inductive-deductive
C) hypothetical
D) hypothetico-deductive
4) What is a hypothesis?
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A) A tentative statement, based on information or data, that explains a large number of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
observations and guides experimentation.
d d d d
B) A report of the findings of scientific experiments.
d d d d d d d
C) A general statement made to infer a specific conclusion, often in an "if . . . then"
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
format.
d
D) Using isolated facts to reach a general idea that may explain a phenomenon.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
1
,5) Which statement about a hypothesis is NOT correct?
d d d d d d d
A) Experiments or observations are conducted to test a hypothesis. d d d d d d d d
B) A hypothesis can be tested many times using different methods.
d d d d d d d d d
C) Data that support a hypothesis actually prove it to be true.
d d d d d d d d d d
D) If data from experimentation does not lend support to a hypothesis, the hypothesis
d d d d d d d d d d d d
must be rejected or revised.
d d d d d
6) Which of the following best describes a conceptual scheme in science that is strongly
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dsupported, has not yet been found incorrect, and is based on the results of many
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dobservations?
A) A scientific paradigm
d d
B) Descriptive research d
C) A scientific theory
d d
D) Experimental results d
7) Attempting to understand proximate or immediate causes in Biology requires this type of
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dapproach:
A) Evolutionary.
B) Descriptive.
C) Theoretical.
D) Experimental.
8) What is the goal of using the experimental method to investigate proximate causes in
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dbiology?
A) To disprove biological principles or theories.
d d d d d
B) To test our understanding of a biological system.
d d d d d d d
C) To better mankind by inventing something unique.
d d d d d d
D) To prove or disprove the existence of God.
d d d d d d d
9) To have a frame of reference against which to compare experimental findings, a scientist
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmust
A) study two groups: a control group and an experimental group.
d d d d d d d d d
B) eliminate all expectations that might cause a biased interpretation of the results.
d d d d d d d d d d d
C) have other scientists look at the results.
d d d d d d
D) do nothing; a "frame of reference" is not necessary.
d d d d d d d d
2
,10) You are in your first week of student teaching and are preparing a question for your students
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dconcerning experimental design for a science laboratory. Which of the following statements
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dwould you hope your students choose as NOT correct regarding experimental design?
d d d d d d d d d d d
A) All conditions are held the same except for the condition being tested for in the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
experimental group.
d d
B) It is best to use identical subjects (except for the treatment in the experimental group)
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
in order to reduce the uncontrolled factors.
d d d d d d d
C) The condition being tested in an experiment is the "control."
d d d d d d d d d
D) Statistical comparisons are made between groups to determine if any difference is
d d d d d d d d d d d
beyond random chance.
d d d
11) In your study group you have been asked to explain the difference between control and
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dexperimental groups. Which statement give below provides the best description of a control
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dgroup?
A) A group with the condition that is being tested.
d d d d d d d d
B) A non-random sample taken through all experimental steps.
d d d d d d d
C) A variable that is being deliberately varied in the experiment.
d d d d d d d d d
D) A group that lacks the disturbance experienced by the experimental group.
d d d d d d d d d d
12) Some ecologists study complex interactions of animals and plants in forests. Such field
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dresearch produces slightly different results for different researchers. In contrast, ecology
d d d d d d d d d d
dexperiments performed indoors with one organism in a terrarium usually produce results that
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dare repeatable. What is the most likely explanation?
d d d d d d d
A) The scientific method is only useful in laboratory settings.
d d d d d d d d
B) It is not possible to establish a control group outside of a laboratory.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
C) It is easier to hold all but one variable constant in a laboratory.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
D) Fieldwork is evolutionary; laboratory work is experimental. d d d d d d
3
, 13) A person goes around banging a drum each day. You ask him why. He replies, "To drive off
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dthe tigers!" You reply "But there aren't any tigers around here." He replies, "See, it works!"
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dFrom a science viewpoint, this conclusion
d d d d d
A) is science because it is predictive of what will happen tomorrow morning.
d d d d d d d d d d d
B) is scientifically valid because there is probably a connection between loud noise and
d d d d d d d d d d d d
absence of tigers. d d d
C) is not valid unless there is the potential for tigers to be here, or a test is run with
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
tigers. d
D) cannot be scientifically treated because it involves human behavior.
d d d d d d d d
14) From Missouri to central Ohio to Pennsylvania, many people believe that they have water
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmoccasins ("cottonmouth snakes") in their farm ponds. Many have "seen them" although
d d d d d d d d d d d
dthey are not so foolish as to try to capture one alive. Meanwhile, the wildlife officers and the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
drange maps in the herpetology books say that cottonmouths do not breed this far north. What
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dis the most scientific attitude to assume on this issue?
d d d d d d d d d
A) Observations by both the public and the fish and game officers are subjective so this d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
is not possible to resolve objectively.
d d d d d d
B) A field trip to the pond locations to capture and confirm the identity of the snakes
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
would settle the matter.
d d d d
C) Scientific books with range maps are based on field research and, therefore,d d d d d d d d d d d
determine the truth in this case.
d d d d d d
D) Because living organisms are active, scientific theories in biology always change and
d d d d d d d d d d d
the older books are therefore wrong.
d d d d d d
15) Which of the following questions addresses an ultimate cause in biology that could be
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dstudied using the comparative method?
d d d d
A) How does an animal maintain a constant body temperature in different environmental
d d d d d d d d d d d
conditions? d
B) What are the evolutionary factors that caused some species of birds to acquire
d d d d d d d d d d d d
complex patterns of seasonal migration between North and South America?
d d d d d d d d d d
C) What are the environmental factors that signal the birds of a particular species to
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
begin their seasonal migration?
d d d d
D) What are the receptors for geomagnetism in Monarch butterflies?
d d d d d d d d
4
d d d d d d
Chapter 01 9e d d
1) A characteristic of science is that
d d d d d
A) it is not explained by natural laws.
d d d d d d
B) its hypotheses are testable.d d d
C) its conclusions are final. d d d
D) it is not falsifiable.
d d d
E) it seeks to define the vitalistic forces of life.
d d d d d d d d
2) During the creation court case in Arkansas, Judge Overton defined the essential properties of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dscience. Which statement is NOT true about science?
d d d d d d d
A) Science is concerned about understanding the natural world.
d d d d d d d
B) Science approaches data in a personal or subjective manner.
d d d d d d d d
C) Conclusions of science are subject to change based on new findings.
d d d d d d d d d d
D) Science establishes hypotheses that have the potential to be tested and disproved.
d d d d d d d d d d d
3) Much of science is based on an approach known as the
d d d d d d d d d d d method.
A) natural
B) inductive-deductive
C) hypothetical
D) hypothetico-deductive
4) What is a hypothesis?
d d d
A) A tentative statement, based on information or data, that explains a large number of
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
observations and guides experimentation.
d d d d
B) A report of the findings of scientific experiments.
d d d d d d d
C) A general statement made to infer a specific conclusion, often in an "if . . . then"
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
format.
d
D) Using isolated facts to reach a general idea that may explain a phenomenon.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
1
,5) Which statement about a hypothesis is NOT correct?
d d d d d d d
A) Experiments or observations are conducted to test a hypothesis. d d d d d d d d
B) A hypothesis can be tested many times using different methods.
d d d d d d d d d
C) Data that support a hypothesis actually prove it to be true.
d d d d d d d d d d
D) If data from experimentation does not lend support to a hypothesis, the hypothesis
d d d d d d d d d d d d
must be rejected or revised.
d d d d d
6) Which of the following best describes a conceptual scheme in science that is strongly
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dsupported, has not yet been found incorrect, and is based on the results of many
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dobservations?
A) A scientific paradigm
d d
B) Descriptive research d
C) A scientific theory
d d
D) Experimental results d
7) Attempting to understand proximate or immediate causes in Biology requires this type of
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dapproach:
A) Evolutionary.
B) Descriptive.
C) Theoretical.
D) Experimental.
8) What is the goal of using the experimental method to investigate proximate causes in
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dbiology?
A) To disprove biological principles or theories.
d d d d d
B) To test our understanding of a biological system.
d d d d d d d
C) To better mankind by inventing something unique.
d d d d d d
D) To prove or disprove the existence of God.
d d d d d d d
9) To have a frame of reference against which to compare experimental findings, a scientist
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmust
A) study two groups: a control group and an experimental group.
d d d d d d d d d
B) eliminate all expectations that might cause a biased interpretation of the results.
d d d d d d d d d d d
C) have other scientists look at the results.
d d d d d d
D) do nothing; a "frame of reference" is not necessary.
d d d d d d d d
2
,10) You are in your first week of student teaching and are preparing a question for your students
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dconcerning experimental design for a science laboratory. Which of the following statements
d d d d d d d d d d d
dwould you hope your students choose as NOT correct regarding experimental design?
d d d d d d d d d d d
A) All conditions are held the same except for the condition being tested for in the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
experimental group.
d d
B) It is best to use identical subjects (except for the treatment in the experimental group)
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
in order to reduce the uncontrolled factors.
d d d d d d d
C) The condition being tested in an experiment is the "control."
d d d d d d d d d
D) Statistical comparisons are made between groups to determine if any difference is
d d d d d d d d d d d
beyond random chance.
d d d
11) In your study group you have been asked to explain the difference between control and
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dexperimental groups. Which statement give below provides the best description of a control
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dgroup?
A) A group with the condition that is being tested.
d d d d d d d d
B) A non-random sample taken through all experimental steps.
d d d d d d d
C) A variable that is being deliberately varied in the experiment.
d d d d d d d d d
D) A group that lacks the disturbance experienced by the experimental group.
d d d d d d d d d d
12) Some ecologists study complex interactions of animals and plants in forests. Such field
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dresearch produces slightly different results for different researchers. In contrast, ecology
d d d d d d d d d d
dexperiments performed indoors with one organism in a terrarium usually produce results that
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dare repeatable. What is the most likely explanation?
d d d d d d d
A) The scientific method is only useful in laboratory settings.
d d d d d d d d
B) It is not possible to establish a control group outside of a laboratory.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
C) It is easier to hold all but one variable constant in a laboratory.
d d d d d d d d d d d d
D) Fieldwork is evolutionary; laboratory work is experimental. d d d d d d
3
, 13) A person goes around banging a drum each day. You ask him why. He replies, "To drive off
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dthe tigers!" You reply "But there aren't any tigers around here." He replies, "See, it works!"
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dFrom a science viewpoint, this conclusion
d d d d d
A) is science because it is predictive of what will happen tomorrow morning.
d d d d d d d d d d d
B) is scientifically valid because there is probably a connection between loud noise and
d d d d d d d d d d d d
absence of tigers. d d d
C) is not valid unless there is the potential for tigers to be here, or a test is run with
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
tigers. d
D) cannot be scientifically treated because it involves human behavior.
d d d d d d d d
14) From Missouri to central Ohio to Pennsylvania, many people believe that they have water
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmoccasins ("cottonmouth snakes") in their farm ponds. Many have "seen them" although
d d d d d d d d d d d
dthey are not so foolish as to try to capture one alive. Meanwhile, the wildlife officers and the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
drange maps in the herpetology books say that cottonmouths do not breed this far north. What
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dis the most scientific attitude to assume on this issue?
d d d d d d d d d
A) Observations by both the public and the fish and game officers are subjective so this d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
is not possible to resolve objectively.
d d d d d d
B) A field trip to the pond locations to capture and confirm the identity of the snakes
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
would settle the matter.
d d d d
C) Scientific books with range maps are based on field research and, therefore,d d d d d d d d d d d
determine the truth in this case.
d d d d d d
D) Because living organisms are active, scientific theories in biology always change and
d d d d d d d d d d d
the older books are therefore wrong.
d d d d d d
15) Which of the following questions addresses an ultimate cause in biology that could be
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dstudied using the comparative method?
d d d d
A) How does an animal maintain a constant body temperature in different environmental
d d d d d d d d d d d
conditions? d
B) What are the evolutionary factors that caused some species of birds to acquire
d d d d d d d d d d d d
complex patterns of seasonal migration between North and South America?
d d d d d d d d d d
C) What are the environmental factors that signal the birds of a particular species to
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
begin their seasonal migration?
d d d d
D) What are the receptors for geomagnetism in Monarch butterflies?
d d d d d d d d
4
