Biology 121 – Usask UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) - CORRECT ANSWER - Father of paleontology
Fixity of Species - CORRECT ANSWER - all modern organisms are unchanged
descendants of those ancestors (plato)
Fossil - CORRECT ANSWER - any trace of an organism that lived in the past bones,
branches, shells, tracks, impressions
Georges Cuvier (founder of paleontology) - CORRECT ANSWER - First to use
comparative anatomy to develop a system to classify animals
- observed some species in fossil record that were no longer present in modern day
Georges Louis Leclerc - CORRECT ANSWER - -suggested that living things do change
through time
- factors of change: migration, geographical isolation, overcrowding, struggle for existence
Darwin - CORRECT ANSWER - - believed that evolution had occurred
- aware that modern species were different from fossil types
- saw how plant and animal breeders used breeding practices to change the traits of domestic
species
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - CORRECT ANSWER - saw fossils as evidence of gradual
change (evolution)
3 important concepts of fossil record - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. New species have
appeared gradually
2. All species have changed (to be better suited to environment), but rates of change are unequal
,3. Species do not appear after they have become extinct
- organisms are related
- life evolved from fewer simpler organisms to many complex organisms
Charles Darwin 3 key events: - CORRECT ANSWER - - earthquake in Chile
- South America & Galapagos islands)
- Visited Cocos (keeling) Islands
Event 1 - Earthquake in Chile (1835) - CORRECT ANSWER - - found that rocks lined
with recent marine shells were now elevated above the tide
- suggested that geological processes existed in the past at same rate as they do now
- therefore changes to earth's characteristics take a long time
Event 2 - South America & Galapagos islands - CORRECT ANSWER - - stunned by
biodiversity
- observed adaptations of species to different environments (tortoises, cacti, finches)
- fossils changed over time, more recent fossils more similar to present-day forms than older
fossils
Event 3 - Visited Cocos (keeling) Islands - CORRECT ANSWER - "surrounding sea the
number of organic beings is indeed infinite"
Observation of variation in mockingbirds - CORRECT ANSWER - discovery of different
varieties of mockingbird on different islands - occupying essentially the same habitats (1st
suggestion that species might change)
Darwin's evidence (common ancestor) - CORRECT ANSWER - noticed limbs of
mammals looked very different and served different functions but much alike in skeletal
structure
, Observation #1 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - For any species,
population sizes would continue to increase exponentially if all individuals that are born
reproduce successfully
Observation #2 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Populations tend to
remain stable in size, except for seasonal fluctuations
Observation #3 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Resources are
limited
Observation #4 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Members of a
population vary extensively in their characteristics; no 2 individuals are exactly alike
Observation #5 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Much of this
variation is heritable
- offspring tend to resemble parent, including characters that influence success in the struggle to
survive and reproduce
Thomas Henry Huxley - CORRECT ANSWER - Darwin's bulldog - forceful support of
evolutionary theory and vociferous attacks on Darwin's critics
Bishop Samuel Wilberforce - CORRECT ANSWER - didn't support darwins book of
evolutionary theory
Who helped contribute with Darwin on Linnean Society paper - CORRECT ANSWER -
Alfred Wallace
Charles Lyell
John Hooker
Central Propositions of Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - - all living things are
descended from a common ancestor
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) - CORRECT ANSWER - Father of paleontology
Fixity of Species - CORRECT ANSWER - all modern organisms are unchanged
descendants of those ancestors (plato)
Fossil - CORRECT ANSWER - any trace of an organism that lived in the past bones,
branches, shells, tracks, impressions
Georges Cuvier (founder of paleontology) - CORRECT ANSWER - First to use
comparative anatomy to develop a system to classify animals
- observed some species in fossil record that were no longer present in modern day
Georges Louis Leclerc - CORRECT ANSWER - -suggested that living things do change
through time
- factors of change: migration, geographical isolation, overcrowding, struggle for existence
Darwin - CORRECT ANSWER - - believed that evolution had occurred
- aware that modern species were different from fossil types
- saw how plant and animal breeders used breeding practices to change the traits of domestic
species
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - CORRECT ANSWER - saw fossils as evidence of gradual
change (evolution)
3 important concepts of fossil record - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. New species have
appeared gradually
2. All species have changed (to be better suited to environment), but rates of change are unequal
,3. Species do not appear after they have become extinct
- organisms are related
- life evolved from fewer simpler organisms to many complex organisms
Charles Darwin 3 key events: - CORRECT ANSWER - - earthquake in Chile
- South America & Galapagos islands)
- Visited Cocos (keeling) Islands
Event 1 - Earthquake in Chile (1835) - CORRECT ANSWER - - found that rocks lined
with recent marine shells were now elevated above the tide
- suggested that geological processes existed in the past at same rate as they do now
- therefore changes to earth's characteristics take a long time
Event 2 - South America & Galapagos islands - CORRECT ANSWER - - stunned by
biodiversity
- observed adaptations of species to different environments (tortoises, cacti, finches)
- fossils changed over time, more recent fossils more similar to present-day forms than older
fossils
Event 3 - Visited Cocos (keeling) Islands - CORRECT ANSWER - "surrounding sea the
number of organic beings is indeed infinite"
Observation of variation in mockingbirds - CORRECT ANSWER - discovery of different
varieties of mockingbird on different islands - occupying essentially the same habitats (1st
suggestion that species might change)
Darwin's evidence (common ancestor) - CORRECT ANSWER - noticed limbs of
mammals looked very different and served different functions but much alike in skeletal
structure
, Observation #1 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - For any species,
population sizes would continue to increase exponentially if all individuals that are born
reproduce successfully
Observation #2 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Populations tend to
remain stable in size, except for seasonal fluctuations
Observation #3 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Resources are
limited
Observation #4 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Members of a
population vary extensively in their characteristics; no 2 individuals are exactly alike
Observation #5 (Darwin - Natural Selection) - CORRECT ANSWER - Much of this
variation is heritable
- offspring tend to resemble parent, including characters that influence success in the struggle to
survive and reproduce
Thomas Henry Huxley - CORRECT ANSWER - Darwin's bulldog - forceful support of
evolutionary theory and vociferous attacks on Darwin's critics
Bishop Samuel Wilberforce - CORRECT ANSWER - didn't support darwins book of
evolutionary theory
Who helped contribute with Darwin on Linnean Society paper - CORRECT ANSWER -
Alfred Wallace
Charles Lyell
John Hooker
Central Propositions of Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - - all living things are
descended from a common ancestor
