study set exam Questions and Answers
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How often does epidermal turnover occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-Every 26-42 days
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Epidermal Cells: Keratinocytes - CORRECT ANSWER-Produce keratin, make of 80% of
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the epidermis
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Epidermal Cells: Melanocytes - CORRECT ANSWER-Determine the color of the skin
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Epidermal Cells: Langerhans Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Assist with skin immune
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system
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Epidermal Cells: Merkel Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Provide tactile reception, produce
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nerve growth factor
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Rete Ridges/Pegs - CORRECT ANSWER-Fingerlike extensions that anchor the
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epidermis to the dermis
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Skin pH - CORRECT ANSWER-4.5-6.5
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Dermal proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Collagen and Elastin
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Dermal Cells: Fibroblasts - CORRECT ANSWER-Produce collagen and other proteins
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Dermal Cells: Mast cells, Macrophages, & Lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER-Cells
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involved in immune surveillance
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Dermal appendages - CORRECT ANSWER-Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat
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glands, nails
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Emollients - CORRECT ANSWER-soften skin an provide lipids (i.e. silicone, Il` Il` Il`
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dimethicone, lanolin, ceramide
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Humectants - CORRECT ANSWER-add water to skin (i.e. urea, lactic acid, glycerin)
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Moisture Associated Skin Damage (MASD) - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation and
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erosion of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to various sources of moisture
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Intertriginous Dermatitis (ITD) - CORRECT ANSWER-a type of MASD, Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`
inflammation
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and skin erosion involving body folds and friction of skin to
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skin
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Peristomal MASD (PMASD) - CORRECT ANSWER-Inflammation and denudation of Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`
the
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peristomal skin associated with effluent exposure such as urine or Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`
stool
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Periwound MASD (PWMASD) - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation and erosion of the Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`
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skin around a chronic wound associated with sustained contact of wound exudate
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Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD) - CORRECT ANSWER-a type of MASD, Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`
inflammation caused by the prolonged exposure to urine, feces, or dual incontinence
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Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injury (MARSI) - CORRECT ANSWER-erythema (or other
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manifestation) of cutaneous abnormality that persists 30 minutes of more after removal of
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adhesive dressing or tape, types: maceration, mechanical trauma (i.e. skin tear), tension
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blister, folliculitis
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What is the key indicator of undernutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER-unintended weight
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5% loss in body weight in 1 month or 10% loss in body weight in 6 months
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WOC nursing products & services - CORRECT ANSWER-direct assessment and
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management, planning, education, cost reduction, risk reduction
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Iron function - CORRECT ANSWER-hemoglobin formation, oxygen transport, collagen
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formation
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Iron sources - CORRECT ANSWER-liver, lean meat, poultry, oysters, dried beans,
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fortified cereals
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Zinc function - CORRECT ANSWER-cofactor for collagen synthesis
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Zinc sources - CORRECT ANSWER-Seafood, meat, liver, milk, eggs, wheat germ,
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whole wheat bread
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Copper function - CORRECT ANSWER-essential for cross-linking of collagen, assists in
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RBC formation
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Copper sources - CORRECT ANSWER-nuts, dried fruit and beans, whole grain cereal,
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organ meats
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Vitamin C funtion - CORRECT ANSWER-collagen synthesis, iron absorption, immune
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function
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Vitamin C sources - CORRECT ANSWER-citrus fruits and juices, melons, broccoli,
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tomatoes, green peppers, potatoes
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Vitamin B complex funtion - CORRECT ANSWER-cofactor with enzymes, immune
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response
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Vitamin B complex sources - CORRECT ANSWER-whole grain products and fortified
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foods
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Vitamin A function - CORRECT ANSWER-cellular integrity, epithelization, inflammation,
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*reversal of ill effects of steroids*
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Vitamin A sources - CORRECT ANSWER-yellow, orange, and green fruit and veg,
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spinach, broccoli, cantaloupe, carrots, squash, sweet potatoes, apricots, egg yolks
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Essential fatty acids function - CORRECT ANSWER-cell wall and intracellular structure
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Essential fatty acids sources - CORRECT ANSWER-fish, shellfish, flaxseed, hemp
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seed, canola oil, chia seeds, pumpkin seeds, leafy vegetables, walnuts
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goal protein intake foe wound healing - CORRECT ANSWER-1.25-1.5 g/kg/day
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goal fluid intake for wound healing - CORRECT ANSWER-30 ml/kg/day
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