Kent State University 40010: Nursing of Critically Ill, exam #1 Shock Questions With Complete Solutions

40010: Nursing of Critically Ill, exam #1 Shock Questions
With Complete Solutions




Gastrointestinal Dysfunction




Renal Dysfunction
-Dec. urine output




Pulmonary Dysfunction
-ARDS (Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) is
developed

,Alteration in Tissue Perfusion
Shock
-Complex syndrome of inadequate blood flow
(decreased perfusion) that effects entire body

-Hemodynamic & metabolic problem leading to
decreased O2 to the cells and
tissues resulting in
organ failure
Shock
-Failure of the cardiovascular system to maintain
effective tissue perfusion

-Resulting in cellular dysfunction and acute organ
failure

-If not corrected, may become irreversible

-Some shock etiologies impair perfusion because of
a markedly low cardiac output
Classifications of Shock
1) Hypovolemic
-Loss of volume in vascular space (pool)

2) Cardiogenic

, -Loss of heart muscle (pump)

3) Distributive/Vasogenic (pipes)
-Dec. peripheral resistance
-Inc. vascular capacity

-Distributive includes Septic, Anaphylactic,
Neurogenic
How does the body respond to a "Low Flow"
state? (part 1 of 3)
1) Neural compensation
-Baroreceptors in aortic arch and carotids sense
a drop in BP, which...

Activates
-The sympathetic nervous system by...

Stimulation
-Of the Adrenal Medulla to...

Release
-Catecholamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)
How does the body respond to a "Low Flow"
state? (part 2 of 3)
1) Neural compensation...
2) Hormonal compensation
-Activates RAAS