IGCSE ICT Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved| Latest Update Graded A+
Manufacturing Industries Applications Robots help produce the productivity, consistency
and they reduce overall running costs. They are programmed with a sequence of instructions
which is stored in the memory. The robot is able to carry out the same sequence of instructions
over and over again
Advantages of using Robots in manufacturing industries 1. They work 24/7 without getting
tired and with the same accuracy.
2. They are able to work in extreme conditions not suitable for humans.
3. They dont need to be paid.
Disadvantages of using Robots in manufacturing industries 1. They cant easily adapt to
situations beyond their instruction sequence.
2. They are expensive to buy and maintain.
3. Workers lose their jobs and people are diskilled.
School Management Systems 1. Learner registration and attendance control
2. Time table production
3. Learner Performance control
Learner Registration and Attendance Control (school management) Teachers can click on a
particular class to complete the register and save it, other users can now see who has been
present for that particular period.
Timetable creation and organisation (school management) Timetables can be easily
produced using management systems, for exams, classes, substitution...
They are quicker to create and with less errors.
,Learner Performance control (school management) Teachers can log student data like
grades and behaviour reports into the system, where members of the staff and sometimes
parents can see them.
Booking Systems Online booking systems use real time processing, allowing users to make
and confirm booking instantly. The booking is confirmed when the payment is received and the
booking cannot be double booked.
Used in:
1. Transport (flights, trains and buses)
2. Entertainment (cinema, theatre and stadiums)
3. Accomodation (hotels, apartments and villas)
Online Processing in Booking systems 1. The user selects their requirements of the booking
like date and location.
2. The computer processes if the requirements are available
3. Booking confirmation or rejections appear as outputs.
Advantages of Booking Systems 1. User can easily check availability and compare prices of
things.
2. The process is real time so it prevents double booking.
3. You receive a text confirming your payment and you will be able to receive special offers.
Disdavantages of Booking Systems 1. It can be hard to cancel booking and get your money
back
2. Online booking services can crash if theres high level traffic.
3. You cant receive specific advice on your booking and websites can also be user unfriendly.
Electronic Fund Transfer (banking applications) It allows money to be transferred
electronically from one account to another.
,How ATMs work to take out money 1. Customer is asked to select a language.
2. They type in the PIN and if it is correct they are asked to select a service.
3. Customer selects cash withdrawal and are asked to select an amount to withdraw.
4. ATM checks with bank if there are sufficient funds and if the limits issued.
5. Customer is asked if they want a receipt.
6. Money is ejected, card is returned and bank account updated.
Batch Processing Where 'jobs' are collected together and processed in one go instead of
individually.
Used in cheque processing.
How cheques are processed 1. Cheques are collected during the day and gathered together
in a group.
2. They are put through and MICR and an OCR to read the code line containing the account
number and the number written on the chueque.
4. The system checks that each payee has enough funds in their accounts.
5. Funds are transacted over night and accounts are updated.
Chip and PIN machines at EFTPOS 1. Customer inserts the card and is asked to insert the
PIN.
2. System checks to see if the card is valid or stolen and if the PIN entered matches the PIN in
the chip.
3a. If PIN doesnt match the customer has to enter it again.
3b. If PIN matches contact is made with the bank to see if they have funds.
4a. If customer doesnt have funds the transaction is terminated and the customer informed.
4b. If customer has funds EFT payment is made and authorisation code sent. The account is
updated.
5. The machine prints a receipt.
, Clearing of Cheques 1. You receive a cheque and you pay it into your bank account.
2. The cheque is sent to a clearing centre where it is sorted and its data created.
3. Cheque data is sent automatically to the payer's bank to check for fraud or insufficient funds.
4. If 3 is negatie money is sent electronically to the bank of the person who paid the cheque and
it is deposited in their account.
Online Banking Customers can access their bank accounts online on secure websites using
authentication techniques.
Customers can use online banking to check their balance, manage debits, transfer money using
EFT and apply for loans and credit cards.
Advantages of Online Banking 1. Can be accessed from various platforms at any time of day.
2. You save time and money as you dont have to go anywhere.
3. Statements can be downloaded from a given time period.
4. Several layers of authentication.
Disadvantages of Online Banking 1. Internet connection is required.
2. Less personable if you prefer direct communication.
3. Your account could be hacked or passwords stolen.
Phone Banking Similar to online banking, customers can complete similar tasks only via
telephone.
They will have to select from various options by the specified number keys.
Advantages of Phone Banking 1. You can talk directly with a representative of the bank.
2. You can ask additional questions not available online.
Manufacturing Industries Applications Robots help produce the productivity, consistency
and they reduce overall running costs. They are programmed with a sequence of instructions
which is stored in the memory. The robot is able to carry out the same sequence of instructions
over and over again
Advantages of using Robots in manufacturing industries 1. They work 24/7 without getting
tired and with the same accuracy.
2. They are able to work in extreme conditions not suitable for humans.
3. They dont need to be paid.
Disadvantages of using Robots in manufacturing industries 1. They cant easily adapt to
situations beyond their instruction sequence.
2. They are expensive to buy and maintain.
3. Workers lose their jobs and people are diskilled.
School Management Systems 1. Learner registration and attendance control
2. Time table production
3. Learner Performance control
Learner Registration and Attendance Control (school management) Teachers can click on a
particular class to complete the register and save it, other users can now see who has been
present for that particular period.
Timetable creation and organisation (school management) Timetables can be easily
produced using management systems, for exams, classes, substitution...
They are quicker to create and with less errors.
,Learner Performance control (school management) Teachers can log student data like
grades and behaviour reports into the system, where members of the staff and sometimes
parents can see them.
Booking Systems Online booking systems use real time processing, allowing users to make
and confirm booking instantly. The booking is confirmed when the payment is received and the
booking cannot be double booked.
Used in:
1. Transport (flights, trains and buses)
2. Entertainment (cinema, theatre and stadiums)
3. Accomodation (hotels, apartments and villas)
Online Processing in Booking systems 1. The user selects their requirements of the booking
like date and location.
2. The computer processes if the requirements are available
3. Booking confirmation or rejections appear as outputs.
Advantages of Booking Systems 1. User can easily check availability and compare prices of
things.
2. The process is real time so it prevents double booking.
3. You receive a text confirming your payment and you will be able to receive special offers.
Disdavantages of Booking Systems 1. It can be hard to cancel booking and get your money
back
2. Online booking services can crash if theres high level traffic.
3. You cant receive specific advice on your booking and websites can also be user unfriendly.
Electronic Fund Transfer (banking applications) It allows money to be transferred
electronically from one account to another.
,How ATMs work to take out money 1. Customer is asked to select a language.
2. They type in the PIN and if it is correct they are asked to select a service.
3. Customer selects cash withdrawal and are asked to select an amount to withdraw.
4. ATM checks with bank if there are sufficient funds and if the limits issued.
5. Customer is asked if they want a receipt.
6. Money is ejected, card is returned and bank account updated.
Batch Processing Where 'jobs' are collected together and processed in one go instead of
individually.
Used in cheque processing.
How cheques are processed 1. Cheques are collected during the day and gathered together
in a group.
2. They are put through and MICR and an OCR to read the code line containing the account
number and the number written on the chueque.
4. The system checks that each payee has enough funds in their accounts.
5. Funds are transacted over night and accounts are updated.
Chip and PIN machines at EFTPOS 1. Customer inserts the card and is asked to insert the
PIN.
2. System checks to see if the card is valid or stolen and if the PIN entered matches the PIN in
the chip.
3a. If PIN doesnt match the customer has to enter it again.
3b. If PIN matches contact is made with the bank to see if they have funds.
4a. If customer doesnt have funds the transaction is terminated and the customer informed.
4b. If customer has funds EFT payment is made and authorisation code sent. The account is
updated.
5. The machine prints a receipt.
, Clearing of Cheques 1. You receive a cheque and you pay it into your bank account.
2. The cheque is sent to a clearing centre where it is sorted and its data created.
3. Cheque data is sent automatically to the payer's bank to check for fraud or insufficient funds.
4. If 3 is negatie money is sent electronically to the bank of the person who paid the cheque and
it is deposited in their account.
Online Banking Customers can access their bank accounts online on secure websites using
authentication techniques.
Customers can use online banking to check their balance, manage debits, transfer money using
EFT and apply for loans and credit cards.
Advantages of Online Banking 1. Can be accessed from various platforms at any time of day.
2. You save time and money as you dont have to go anywhere.
3. Statements can be downloaded from a given time period.
4. Several layers of authentication.
Disadvantages of Online Banking 1. Internet connection is required.
2. Less personable if you prefer direct communication.
3. Your account could be hacked or passwords stolen.
Phone Banking Similar to online banking, customers can complete similar tasks only via
telephone.
They will have to select from various options by the specified number keys.
Advantages of Phone Banking 1. You can talk directly with a representative of the bank.
2. You can ask additional questions not available online.
