BMS 301 Final || EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS!!

BMS 301 Final || EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT SOLUTIONS!!
Describe the planes of section of the body correct answers Frontal= front/back
Sagittal= R/L
Transverse (axial)= top/bottom

Describe the components of a typical reflex arc correct answers 1. Receptor
2. Sensory (afferent) neuron (carries impulse from PNS to CNS; contains dorsal root and
dorsal root ganglion)
3. Interneuron (carries impulse within CNS)
4. Motor (efferent) neuron (carries impulse away from CNS to PNS; contains ventral root)
5.Target organ

Describe the components of a typical spinal nerve and the function of each component correct
answers -Spinal nerve (mixed n) sends info out to the target organ through dorsal rami or
ventral rami
-motor and sensory combined
-somatic function and autonomic function
-31 pairs (8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1-3 coccygeal)

Describe the terms: collateral circulation and anastomoses correct answers "Joining of 2
vessels along side each other"
-Functional when they are around a joint

Describe the hip bone, its components and unique features correct answers -ilium= superior
-ischium= posterior/ inferior
-pubis= anterior/ inferior

Describe the sacroiliac joint, its functions and ligaments and their functions correct answers -
sacrum and ilium
-synovial/plane
-ligaments prevent inferior dislocation of sacrum
-sacrotuberous ligament
-sacrospinous ligament
(next to each other; transfer forces from sacrum to acetabulum; prevent rotation of the
sacrum)

Describe the different articulations of the pelvic region correct answers 1. Lumbosacral joint
-L5-S1
-cartilagenous
-Iliolumbar ligament (stabilize L5 on S1)

2. Sacroiliac joint
-sacrum-ilium
-synovial/plane
-sacroiliac and sacrotuberous and sacrospinous

3. Hip joint

,-acetabulum-femur
-synovial/ multiaxial/ ball and socket
-AB/ADduction
-rotation
-strong and stable

Describe the hip joint, its function and ligament correct answers -acetabulum-femur
-synovial/ multiaxial/ ball and socket
-AB/ADduction
-rotation
-strong and stable b/c over 1/2 of the head of the femur is in the acetabulum
-acetabular labrum
-post= ischiofemoral ligament
-ant= iliofemoral ligament ("Y" ligament; limits hip extension)

Describe the gluteal muscles and their daily function correct answers **Action is not daily
function
1. Gluteus maximus
-resist hip flexion
-"power extension" and does lateral rotation of hip

2. Gluteus medius/minimus
-prevent hip ADduction
-does ABduction and medial rotation of hip

3. Tensor fascia lata
-does hip flexion**, ABduction and medial rotation of hip

4. Piriformis

5. Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus

6. Quadratus femoris

7. Obturator externus

Describe the hip intrinsics and their functions correct answers A: post. sacrum and ischium
B: post. femur
-Action: lateral rotation of femur/hip
-Act as proprioceptors

Describe superficial fascia, deep fascia and their functions correct answers 1. SUPERFICIAL
FASCIA
-fat/H2O
-protective
-route for vessels and nerves

2. DEEP FASCIA
-epimysium
-no fat/H2O

, -surrounds mm
-muscular attachments
-compartmentalizes

List the nerve components of the lumbosacral plexus and their areas of responsibility correct
answers -Ventral rami of L1-S4
-Motor, sensory, and autonomics to skin, and muscles of lateral and ant//inf. abdomen
-L.L. inn= L2-S3
-Most target organs receive innervation from 1+ spinal nerves

1. Obturator nerve
-medial thigh
-hip ABductors

2. Femoral nerve
-ant. thigh
-hip flexors/knee extensors

3. Sciatic nerve
-post. thigh
-hip extensors and knee flexors
-(If this was cut there would be no feeling/movement in the leg and foot)
A. Common fibular nerve
-dorsiflexion of ankle
-superficial and deep
B. Tibial nerve
-plantar flexors of ankle
C. Medial and lateral plantar nerves
**Popliteal region of sciatic n. splits into common fibular n. and tibial n.

Describe the arterial supply to the lower limb, origins, branches and areas of responsibility
correct answers Abdominal aorta-> R common iliac artery->
1. Internal iliac a. (pelvis and gluteal region)
A. Superior gluteal a.
B. Inferior gluteal a.

2. External iliac a. (L.L.)
(changes names at inguinal ligament)-> "Femoral a."
A. Deep femoral a. (upper thigh)

Femoral a...
(changes names at adductor hiatus) -> "Popliteal a."

3. Popliteal a.
A. Genicular a.
B. Post. Tibial a.
1. Fibular a. (lateral leg)
2. Medial plantar a.
3. Lateral plantar a. (into foot)
a. Digital a.