POB EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Characteristics of Life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅organized, requires material and energy, can
reproduce and develop, responds to its environment, maintains an internal environment (homeostasis),
has the capacity to adapt to its environment
Levels of Biological Organization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System,
Organism, Species
Relationship between natural selection and adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Individuals of
species who are better adapted to their environments live longer and thus are most likely to reproduce
successfully (Natural Selection)
Examples of Adaptions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Fish gills, bird wings, thick fur on arctic animals are
all......
Emergent Properties - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A property that a complex system has but the
individual members of the system do not. Ex- Sodium Chloride is salty, is sodium salty or is chlorine
salty?
Taxonomic Classification (most to least inclusive) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Domain Archaea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Single celled prokaryotes; live in extreme environments
such as aquatic ones that lack oxygen or are too salty, hot, or acidic for most other organisms. Represent
first cells that evolved on earth.
Domain Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅single celled prokaryotes that are found almost
anywhere, both good and bad kinds
Domain Eukarya - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Domain of all organisms whose cells are Eukaryotes
(have nuclei/membrane bound organelles), including protists, plants, fungi, and animals
,Kingdom Protista - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protists, complex single cell including things such as
algae, protozoans, slime/water molds. Absorb, photosynthesize, or ingest food.
Kingdom Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, mostly multicellular filaments with
specialized complex cells such as mushrooms, yeasts, and ringworms. Absorb food.
Kingdom Plante - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, multicellular usually with specialized
tissues containing complex cells such as algae, mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.
Photosynthesize food.
Kingdom Animalia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, multicellular with specialized
tissues containing complex cells such as sponges, worms, insects, fish, frogs, turtles, birds, and
mammals. Ingest food.
Binomial Nomenclature - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Classification system in which each species is
assigned a two-part scientific name using latin as a common language. First word is the genus, second
word is the species name. Both words are in italics and only the genus is capitalized, it can also be
shorted to just the first letter (Ex. G.species)
Science vs. Technology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Science investigates the principles of the natural
world while technology applies this knowledge to the needs of society.
Major challenges facing Science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Loss of biodiversity, Emerging and
reemerging diseases, Climate change caused by global warming. While science can tell us what can be
done to combat problems it doesn't tell us/command us to do it though!
Strengths of Science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Objectivity
-Reproducibility
-Progression
-Prediction
experimental science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅science that involves testing a hypothesis through
the use of procedures
, observational science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a formal way of watching the natural world and
involves recording data from a natural event rather than setting up an experiment such as watching
animals in their natural habitats to draw conclusions about their behavior.
law/principle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a description of a pattern in nature
Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅explanation to a pattern/law in nature that shows the mechanism
behind it, describes the process
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅informed statement that can be tested in a manner suited to
the process of science, an educated guess
Null Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no difference expected between control and
experimental groups, the experimental variable will have no effect
Alternative Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅expecting a difference between groups, the
experimental variable will have effect
Experimental/Independent Variable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅factor being tested
Control/Dependent Variable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅result or change that occurs due to the factor
being tested
Control Group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅NOT exposed to the independent/experimental variable
Test/Experimental Group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅exposed to the independent/experimental
variable
Inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅use of creative thinking to combine isolated facts into
a cohesive whole
Characteristics of Life - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅organized, requires material and energy, can
reproduce and develop, responds to its environment, maintains an internal environment (homeostasis),
has the capacity to adapt to its environment
Levels of Biological Organization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System,
Organism, Species
Relationship between natural selection and adaptations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Individuals of
species who are better adapted to their environments live longer and thus are most likely to reproduce
successfully (Natural Selection)
Examples of Adaptions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Fish gills, bird wings, thick fur on arctic animals are
all......
Emergent Properties - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A property that a complex system has but the
individual members of the system do not. Ex- Sodium Chloride is salty, is sodium salty or is chlorine
salty?
Taxonomic Classification (most to least inclusive) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Domain Archaea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Single celled prokaryotes; live in extreme environments
such as aquatic ones that lack oxygen or are too salty, hot, or acidic for most other organisms. Represent
first cells that evolved on earth.
Domain Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅single celled prokaryotes that are found almost
anywhere, both good and bad kinds
Domain Eukarya - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Domain of all organisms whose cells are Eukaryotes
(have nuclei/membrane bound organelles), including protists, plants, fungi, and animals
,Kingdom Protista - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅protists, complex single cell including things such as
algae, protozoans, slime/water molds. Absorb, photosynthesize, or ingest food.
Kingdom Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, mostly multicellular filaments with
specialized complex cells such as mushrooms, yeasts, and ringworms. Absorb food.
Kingdom Plante - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, multicellular usually with specialized
tissues containing complex cells such as algae, mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.
Photosynthesize food.
Kingdom Animalia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅evolve from protists, multicellular with specialized
tissues containing complex cells such as sponges, worms, insects, fish, frogs, turtles, birds, and
mammals. Ingest food.
Binomial Nomenclature - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Classification system in which each species is
assigned a two-part scientific name using latin as a common language. First word is the genus, second
word is the species name. Both words are in italics and only the genus is capitalized, it can also be
shorted to just the first letter (Ex. G.species)
Science vs. Technology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Science investigates the principles of the natural
world while technology applies this knowledge to the needs of society.
Major challenges facing Science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Loss of biodiversity, Emerging and
reemerging diseases, Climate change caused by global warming. While science can tell us what can be
done to combat problems it doesn't tell us/command us to do it though!
Strengths of Science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-Objectivity
-Reproducibility
-Progression
-Prediction
experimental science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅science that involves testing a hypothesis through
the use of procedures
, observational science - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a formal way of watching the natural world and
involves recording data from a natural event rather than setting up an experiment such as watching
animals in their natural habitats to draw conclusions about their behavior.
law/principle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a description of a pattern in nature
Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅explanation to a pattern/law in nature that shows the mechanism
behind it, describes the process
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅informed statement that can be tested in a manner suited to
the process of science, an educated guess
Null Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no difference expected between control and
experimental groups, the experimental variable will have no effect
Alternative Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅expecting a difference between groups, the
experimental variable will have effect
Experimental/Independent Variable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅factor being tested
Control/Dependent Variable - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅result or change that occurs due to the factor
being tested
Control Group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅NOT exposed to the independent/experimental variable
Test/Experimental Group - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅exposed to the independent/experimental
variable
Inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅use of creative thinking to combine isolated facts into
a cohesive whole
