1. Which of the following conditions requires a low-purine diet?
A. Hypertension
B. Chronic kidney disease
C. Gout
D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: C. Gout
Rationale: Gout is managed by limiting purine intake, which can reduce
uric acid levels and flare-ups.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about complete proteins. Which of the
following foods should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Lentils
B. Brown rice
C. Soybeans
D. Peanut butter
Answer: C. Soybeans
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids.
Soybeans are a plant-based complete protein source. Lentils, rice, and
peanut butter are incomplete proteins.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about nutrition during pregnancy. Which
of the following should the nurse recommend increasing?
A. Sodium
B. Caffeine
C. Iron
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Iron
Rationale: Pregnant clients need increased iron to support increased
blood volume and fetal development.
4. A nurse is reviewing nutritional recommendations for older adults.
,Which of the following changes is related to aging?
A. Increased calorie needs
B. Increased sense of thirst
C. Decreased absorption of vitamin B12
D. Increased taste sensitivity
Answer: C. Decreased absorption of vitamin B12
Rationale: Older adults often have reduced intrinsic factor, leading to
lower B12 absorption.
5. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
6. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. Apple
B. Orange juice
C. White bread
D. Chicken breast
Answer: B. Orange juice
Rationale: Orange juice is rich in potassium. Other high-potassium
foods include bananas, potatoes, and spinach.
7. Which of the following clients has an increased protein requirement?
A. A 70-year-old with osteoporosis
B. A client with stage 4 chronic kidney disease
C. A pregnant woman in her second trimester
D. A client with hyperlipidemia
, Answer: C. A pregnant woman in her second trimester
Rationale: Pregnancy increases protein needs to support fetal growth.
CKD patients may need protein restriction, and protein is not the
priority for osteoporosis or hyperlipidemia management.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure injury. Which nutrient
promotes wound healing?
A. Sodium
B. Vitamin E
C. Protein
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Protein
Rationale: Protein supports tissue repair and wound healing. Vitamin C
and zinc are also important but protein is essential.
9. A client is receiving TPN. Which lab value should the nurse monitor
to assess glucose control?
A. BUN
B. Hemoglobin
C. Blood glucose
D. Sodium
Answer: C. Blood glucose
Rationale: TPN contains high glucose concentrations. Regular
monitoring of blood glucose is essential to avoid hyperglycemia.
10. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
A. Hypertension
B. Chronic kidney disease
C. Gout
D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: C. Gout
Rationale: Gout is managed by limiting purine intake, which can reduce
uric acid levels and flare-ups.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about complete proteins. Which of the
following foods should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Lentils
B. Brown rice
C. Soybeans
D. Peanut butter
Answer: C. Soybeans
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids.
Soybeans are a plant-based complete protein source. Lentils, rice, and
peanut butter are incomplete proteins.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about nutrition during pregnancy. Which
of the following should the nurse recommend increasing?
A. Sodium
B. Caffeine
C. Iron
D. Vitamin K
Answer: C. Iron
Rationale: Pregnant clients need increased iron to support increased
blood volume and fetal development.
4. A nurse is reviewing nutritional recommendations for older adults.
,Which of the following changes is related to aging?
A. Increased calorie needs
B. Increased sense of thirst
C. Decreased absorption of vitamin B12
D. Increased taste sensitivity
Answer: C. Decreased absorption of vitamin B12
Rationale: Older adults often have reduced intrinsic factor, leading to
lower B12 absorption.
5. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
6. Which food is highest in potassium?
A. Apple
B. Orange juice
C. White bread
D. Chicken breast
Answer: B. Orange juice
Rationale: Orange juice is rich in potassium. Other high-potassium
foods include bananas, potatoes, and spinach.
7. Which of the following clients has an increased protein requirement?
A. A 70-year-old with osteoporosis
B. A client with stage 4 chronic kidney disease
C. A pregnant woman in her second trimester
D. A client with hyperlipidemia
, Answer: C. A pregnant woman in her second trimester
Rationale: Pregnancy increases protein needs to support fetal growth.
CKD patients may need protein restriction, and protein is not the
priority for osteoporosis or hyperlipidemia management.
8. A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure injury. Which nutrient
promotes wound healing?
A. Sodium
B. Vitamin E
C. Protein
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Protein
Rationale: Protein supports tissue repair and wound healing. Vitamin C
and zinc are also important but protein is essential.
9. A client is receiving TPN. Which lab value should the nurse monitor
to assess glucose control?
A. BUN
B. Hemoglobin
C. Blood glucose
D. Sodium
Answer: C. Blood glucose
Rationale: TPN contains high glucose concentrations. Regular
monitoring of blood glucose is essential to avoid hyperglycemia.
10. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
