Comprehensive Guide to Nursing 205: Essential
Concepts, Clinical Skills, Evidence-Based Practice, and
Exam Preparation for Nursing Students
A student nurse tells the instructor that a patient is fine and has "no complaints." What would
be the instructor's best response?
A. "You made an inference that she is fine because she has no complaints. How did you validate
this?"
B. "She probably just doesn't trust you enough to share what she is feeling. I'd work on
developing a trusting relationship."
C. "Sometimes everyone gets lucky. Why don't you try to help another patient?"
D. "Maybe you should reassess the patient. She has to have a problem—why else would she be
here?" - -CORRECT ANS- -a.
The instructor is most likely to challenge the inference that the patient is "fine" simply because
she is telling you that she has no problems. It is appropriate for the instructor to ask how the
student nurse validated this inference. Jumping to the conclusion that the patient does not trust
the student nurse is premature and is an invalidated inference. Answer c is wrong because it
accepts the invalidated inference. Answer d is wrong because it is possible that the condition is
resolving.
A registered nurse is writing a diagnosis for a patient who is in traction because of multiple
fractures from a motor vehicle accident. Which nursing actions are related to this step in the
nursing process? Select all that apply.
A. The nurse uses the nursing interview to collect patient data.
B. The nurse analyzes data collected in the nursing assessment.
C. The nurse develops a care plan for the patient.
D. The nurse points out the patient's strengths.
,E. The nurse assesses the patient's mental status.
F. The nurse identifies community resources to help his family cope. - -CORRECT ANS- -b, d, f.
The purposes of diagnosing are to identify how an individual, group, or community responds to
actual or potential health and life processes; identify factors that contribute to or cause health
problems (etiologies); and identify resources or strengths the individual, group, or community
can draw on to prevent or resolve problems. In the diagnosing step of the nursing process, the
nurse interprets and analyzes data gathered from the nursing assessment, identifies patient
strengths, and identifies resources the patient can use to resolve problems. The nurse assesses
and collects patient data in the assessment step and develops a care plan in the planning step of
the nursing process
A nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with anorexia. Following the assessment, the
nurse recommends that the patient meet with a nutritionist. This action best exemplifies the
use of:
A. Clinical judgment
B. Clinical reasoning
C. Critical thinking
D. Blended competencies - -CORRECT ANS- -a.
Although all the options refer to the skills used by nurses in practice, the best choice is clinical
judgment as it refers to the result or outcome of critical thinking or clinical reasoning—in this
case, the recommendation to meet with a nutritionist. Clinical reasoning usually refers to ways
of thinking about patient care issues (determining, preventing, and managing patient problems).
Critical thinking is a broad term that includes reasoning both outside and inside of the clinical
setting. Blended competencies are the cognitive, technical, interpersonal, and ethical and legal
skills combined with the willingness to use them creatively and critically when working with
patients.
A nurse working in a long-term care facility bases patient care on five caring processes: knowing,
being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining belief. This approach to patient care best
describes whose theory?
, A. Travelbee's
B. Watson's
C. Benner's
D. Swanson's - -CORRECT ANS- -d.
Swanson (1991) identifies five caring processes and defines caring as "a nurturing way of
relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and
responsibility." Travelbee (1971), an early nurse theorist, developed the Human-to-Human
Relationship Model, and defined nursing as an interpersonal process whereby the professional
nurse practitioner assists an individual, family, or community to prevent or cope with the
experience of illness and suffering, and if necessary to find meaning in these experiences.
Benner and Wrubel (1989) wrote that caring is a basic way of being in the world, and that caring
is central to human expertise, curing, and healing. Watson's theory is based on the belief that all
humans are to be valued, cared for, respected, nurtured, understood, and assisted.
The nurse practices using critical thinking indicators (CTIs) when caring for patients in the
hospital setting. The best description of CTIs is:
A. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge that
promotes critical thinking in clinical practice
B. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge and skills
that promote critical thinking in clinical practice
C. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge,
characteristics, and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice
D. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge,
characteristics, standards, and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice - CORRECT
ANS- -c.
Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge, characteristics, and
skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
1. Read the following scenario and identify the adjective used to describe the characteristics of
patient data that are numbered below. Place your answers on the lines provided.
Concepts, Clinical Skills, Evidence-Based Practice, and
Exam Preparation for Nursing Students
A student nurse tells the instructor that a patient is fine and has "no complaints." What would
be the instructor's best response?
A. "You made an inference that she is fine because she has no complaints. How did you validate
this?"
B. "She probably just doesn't trust you enough to share what she is feeling. I'd work on
developing a trusting relationship."
C. "Sometimes everyone gets lucky. Why don't you try to help another patient?"
D. "Maybe you should reassess the patient. She has to have a problem—why else would she be
here?" - -CORRECT ANS- -a.
The instructor is most likely to challenge the inference that the patient is "fine" simply because
she is telling you that she has no problems. It is appropriate for the instructor to ask how the
student nurse validated this inference. Jumping to the conclusion that the patient does not trust
the student nurse is premature and is an invalidated inference. Answer c is wrong because it
accepts the invalidated inference. Answer d is wrong because it is possible that the condition is
resolving.
A registered nurse is writing a diagnosis for a patient who is in traction because of multiple
fractures from a motor vehicle accident. Which nursing actions are related to this step in the
nursing process? Select all that apply.
A. The nurse uses the nursing interview to collect patient data.
B. The nurse analyzes data collected in the nursing assessment.
C. The nurse develops a care plan for the patient.
D. The nurse points out the patient's strengths.
,E. The nurse assesses the patient's mental status.
F. The nurse identifies community resources to help his family cope. - -CORRECT ANS- -b, d, f.
The purposes of diagnosing are to identify how an individual, group, or community responds to
actual or potential health and life processes; identify factors that contribute to or cause health
problems (etiologies); and identify resources or strengths the individual, group, or community
can draw on to prevent or resolve problems. In the diagnosing step of the nursing process, the
nurse interprets and analyzes data gathered from the nursing assessment, identifies patient
strengths, and identifies resources the patient can use to resolve problems. The nurse assesses
and collects patient data in the assessment step and develops a care plan in the planning step of
the nursing process
A nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with anorexia. Following the assessment, the
nurse recommends that the patient meet with a nutritionist. This action best exemplifies the
use of:
A. Clinical judgment
B. Clinical reasoning
C. Critical thinking
D. Blended competencies - -CORRECT ANS- -a.
Although all the options refer to the skills used by nurses in practice, the best choice is clinical
judgment as it refers to the result or outcome of critical thinking or clinical reasoning—in this
case, the recommendation to meet with a nutritionist. Clinical reasoning usually refers to ways
of thinking about patient care issues (determining, preventing, and managing patient problems).
Critical thinking is a broad term that includes reasoning both outside and inside of the clinical
setting. Blended competencies are the cognitive, technical, interpersonal, and ethical and legal
skills combined with the willingness to use them creatively and critically when working with
patients.
A nurse working in a long-term care facility bases patient care on five caring processes: knowing,
being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining belief. This approach to patient care best
describes whose theory?
, A. Travelbee's
B. Watson's
C. Benner's
D. Swanson's - -CORRECT ANS- -d.
Swanson (1991) identifies five caring processes and defines caring as "a nurturing way of
relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and
responsibility." Travelbee (1971), an early nurse theorist, developed the Human-to-Human
Relationship Model, and defined nursing as an interpersonal process whereby the professional
nurse practitioner assists an individual, family, or community to prevent or cope with the
experience of illness and suffering, and if necessary to find meaning in these experiences.
Benner and Wrubel (1989) wrote that caring is a basic way of being in the world, and that caring
is central to human expertise, curing, and healing. Watson's theory is based on the belief that all
humans are to be valued, cared for, respected, nurtured, understood, and assisted.
The nurse practices using critical thinking indicators (CTIs) when caring for patients in the
hospital setting. The best description of CTIs is:
A. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge that
promotes critical thinking in clinical practice
B. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge and skills
that promote critical thinking in clinical practice
C. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge,
characteristics, and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice
D. Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge,
characteristics, standards, and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice - CORRECT
ANS- -c.
Evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge, characteristics, and
skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
1. Read the following scenario and identify the adjective used to describe the characteristics of
patient data that are numbered below. Place your answers on the lines provided.
