NURS 2750 WEEK 9 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
what are the main things the urinary system does - ANSWER removes metabolic wastes
removes hormones
removes drugs other foreign material from body
regulates water, electrolyte, acid/base imbalance
secretes erethropoietin
activates vitamin d
regulates bp through RAAS
anatomical order of urinary system - ANSWER kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra
what do the renal corpuscles contain - ANSWER glomerulus
bowman capsule
what do the renal tubules contain - ANSWER proximal convoluted tubules
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubules
collecting duct
what are the 3 main mechanisms of how the kidney functions - ANSWER glomerular
filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
ADH - ANSWER antidiuretic hormone
secreted in the posterior pituitary
reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
, aldosterone - ANSWER secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption in
exchange for potassium or hydrogen
atrial natriuretic hormone - ANSWER hormone secreted by the heart cells that reduces
sodium and fluid reabsorption
GFR - ANSWER afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus
autoregulation and hormones control pressure in the glomerular capillaries by:
vasoconstriction of afferent arteriole (decreased glomerular pressure = decreased
filtrate)
dilation of afferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased filtrate)
vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased
filtrate)
control of arteriolar constriction by 3 factors: - ANSWER autoregulation, sympathetic
nervous system, renin
autoregulation is a local adjustment, made in response to changes in blood flow in
kidneys
SNS increases vasoconstriction in both arterioles
Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells when blood flow to afferent arteriole is
reduced.
straw colored with mild odor - ANSWER Normal urine
cloudy urine - ANSWER May indicate the presence of large amounts of protein, blood,
bacteria, and pus
dark color - ANSWER May indicate hematuria, excessive bilirubin, or highly
concentrated urine
Unpleasant or unusual odor of urine - ANSWER Infection or result from certain dietary
components or medication
what will a urinary infection have in its urinalysis - ANSWER heavy purulence and
presence of gram negative and gram positive organisms
blood in urine - ANSWER small amounts: infection, inflammation, or tumors
large amounts: increased glomerular permeability or hemmorhage
elevated protein level - ANSWER leakage of albumin or mixed plasma proteins into
filtrate - albuminuria or proteinuria
leakage of albumin or mixed plasma proteins into filtrate due to inflammation and
ANSWERS 100% VERIFIED
what are the main things the urinary system does - ANSWER removes metabolic wastes
removes hormones
removes drugs other foreign material from body
regulates water, electrolyte, acid/base imbalance
secretes erethropoietin
activates vitamin d
regulates bp through RAAS
anatomical order of urinary system - ANSWER kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra
what do the renal corpuscles contain - ANSWER glomerulus
bowman capsule
what do the renal tubules contain - ANSWER proximal convoluted tubules
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubules
collecting duct
what are the 3 main mechanisms of how the kidney functions - ANSWER glomerular
filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
ADH - ANSWER antidiuretic hormone
secreted in the posterior pituitary
reabsorption of water in distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
, aldosterone - ANSWER secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption in
exchange for potassium or hydrogen
atrial natriuretic hormone - ANSWER hormone secreted by the heart cells that reduces
sodium and fluid reabsorption
GFR - ANSWER afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus
autoregulation and hormones control pressure in the glomerular capillaries by:
vasoconstriction of afferent arteriole (decreased glomerular pressure = decreased
filtrate)
dilation of afferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased filtrate)
vasoconstriction of efferent arteriole (increased pressure in glomerulus = increased
filtrate)
control of arteriolar constriction by 3 factors: - ANSWER autoregulation, sympathetic
nervous system, renin
autoregulation is a local adjustment, made in response to changes in blood flow in
kidneys
SNS increases vasoconstriction in both arterioles
Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells when blood flow to afferent arteriole is
reduced.
straw colored with mild odor - ANSWER Normal urine
cloudy urine - ANSWER May indicate the presence of large amounts of protein, blood,
bacteria, and pus
dark color - ANSWER May indicate hematuria, excessive bilirubin, or highly
concentrated urine
Unpleasant or unusual odor of urine - ANSWER Infection or result from certain dietary
components or medication
what will a urinary infection have in its urinalysis - ANSWER heavy purulence and
presence of gram negative and gram positive organisms
blood in urine - ANSWER small amounts: infection, inflammation, or tumors
large amounts: increased glomerular permeability or hemmorhage
elevated protein level - ANSWER leakage of albumin or mixed plasma proteins into
filtrate - albuminuria or proteinuria
leakage of albumin or mixed plasma proteins into filtrate due to inflammation and
