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What happens to the tress response system when the glucocorticoid
Receptor gene is epigenetically modified such that it is less active and
Produced fewer receptors - ANSWER the stress response increases
What pre-existing conditions are associated with epigenetic modification
of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in victims of suicide - ANSWER
childhood maltreatment
Which aspect of development is NOT affected by social interactions -
ANSWER cognitive, social, emotional, language, physical and behavioral
development are all affected by social interactions
Human infants need to be taught how to react to social causes by -
ANSWER nothing- infants have an innate response to social cues
What is meant by a "serve and return" interaction - ANSWER it is the
Interaction between a child and adult where various activities and
Communication pass back and forth
In child development, joint attention refers to - ANSWER the infant
Coordinates their attention with an adult and another object in the
Environment, emerges in the first year of life
Which of the following factors is most likely to increase the quality of sever
and return interactions for a child - ANSWER secure attachment
increases a child's ability to interact with their caregiver and with others
around them, even if they are unfamiliar
What brain region is most involved in behavioral inhibition - ANSWER the
Amygdala mediates the responses to fear and anxiety and is over-active in
Children with behavioral
inhibition
, Which two hormones are involved in initiating our response to stress -
ANSWER cortisol and adreneline
What is cortisols activity during stress - ANSWER its release is shut down
In negative feedback
Which parts of the brain are involved in mediating our responses to stress -
ANSWER the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus,and amygdala are involved in
Determining whether or not a stimulus is stressful hypothalamus, and
Pituitary gland are responsible for initiating stress response
What is the difference between tolerable and toxic stress in a child -
ANSWER tolerable stress is buffered by supportive adult relationships but
toxic stress is not
What is the most common source of childhood toxic stress in western
countries - ANSWER neglect because it occurs on its own but also as a
result of parental difficulties such as maternal depression and parental
substance misuse
Silencing of the glucocorticoid receptor gnee occurs through what kind of
Process - ANSWER an epigenetic one, not an allostatic one
Early life stress is associated with what physiological change in adulthood
- ANSWER increased sensitivity to stress, increased levels of
inflammation, and glucocorticoid resistance
What executive functions are emphasized as the three classic executive
function elements - ANSWER working memory, mental flexibility,
inhibitory control
Executive functions skills finish maturing at about what age - ANSWER 25
Years
Between what ages do executive function skills show the most dramatic
Period of growth - ANSWER 3-5 years