CRT/RRT QUIZ REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
What causes peripheral edema? - ANSWER-CHF and renal failure
Recommendation for peripheral edema - ANSWER-Diuretic therapy
Ascites - ANSWER-Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
What causes ascites? - ANSWER-Liver failure
Clubbing of fingers - ANSWER-Presence of increased angle of the nail bed and skin.
What causes clubbing of fingers? - ANSWER-Chronic hypoxemia
What does clubbing of fingers suggest? - ANSWER-Pulmonary Disease
We do not want to give to much what if a patient has clubbing? - ANSWER-To much
O2; it knocks out their drive to breathe
Venous distention - ANSWER-Increased venous distention and jugular venous
distention
When is venous distention occur and seen? - ANSWER-Occurs with CHF and it's seen
during exhalation in patients with obstructive lung disease
Capillary refill - ANSWER-Blanching of the hand and watching for color to return
What does a capillary refill indicate? - ANSWER-Good or bad peripheral circulation
Capillary refill time is how long? - ANSWER-3 seconds
Diaphoresis - ANSWER-A state of heavy/profuse sweating
Diaphoresis can indicate what? Recommendations for each. - ANSWER-Heart failure -
diuretics, inotropic agents
Fever, infection - antibiotics
Anxiety, nervousness - sedatives
Tuberculosis/night sweats - antitubercular drugs
Ashen/pallor skin indicates: - ANSWER-Anemia or acute blood loss (vasoconstriction)
Jaundice - ANSWER-Yellow, Increased bilirubin level in blood and tissue
,Erythemia - ANSWER-Redness of skin, because of capillary congestion, inflammation,
or infection
Cyanosis - ANSWER-Blue or grey, caused by hypoxia from increased amount of
reduced hemoglobin
Normal A-P diameter - ANSWER-Straight spine, no kyphosis or scoliosis
Pectus Carinatum - ANSWER-Anterior protrusion of the sternum
Pectus Excavatum - ANSWER-Depression of part of or the entire sternum
Kyphosis - ANSWER-Convex curvature of spine (leaning forward or humpback)
Scoliosis - ANSWER-Lateral curvature of the spine (side to side or S shaped)
Kyphoscoliosis - ANSWER-Combination of both kyphosis and scoliosis causes a
restrictive pattern and reduced lung volumes
Barrel Chest - ANSWER-Results from airtrapping in the lungs for a long period of time
Barrel chest is also known as: - ANSWER-Hyperinflated or increased A-P diameter
Barrel chest is caused by - ANSWER-COPD
Unequal (asymmetrical) movement of the chest/diaphragm can indicate: - ANSWER--
post lung resection (pneumonectomy)
-atelectasis
-pneumothorax
-flail chest
-endotracheal tube inserted into the right or left mainstem bronchi
Flail chest - ANSWER-paradoxical chest movement
Eupnea - ANSWER-Normal breathing
Tachypnea - ANSWER-Increased respiratory rate
-Caused by hypoxia, fever, pain, CNS problem
Bradypnea - ANSWER-Also known as oligopnea, decreased respiratory rate
-caused by sleep (normal), drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorders
Apnea - ANSWER-Not breathing
Four Life Functions - ANSWER-Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, and Perfusion
, Vital signs for Ventilation (Life Function) - ANSWER-RR, Vt, chest movement, breath
sounds, PaCO2, EtCO2
Vital signs for Oxygenation (Life function) - ANSWER-Heart rate, color, sensorium,
PaO2, and SpO2
Vital Signs for Circulation (Life function) - ANSWER-Heart rate, strength, and cardiac
output
Vital Signs for Perfusion (Life Function) - ANSWER-Blood pressure, sensorium,
temperature, urine output, and hemodynamics
Which life function most often is a problem? - ANSWER-Oxygenation
Sensorium - ANSWER-Level of the patient's consciousness
Signs are what type of information? - ANSWER-Objective
Symptoms are what type of information? - ANSWER-Subjective
Pack years equation - ANSWER-Pack Years = # of packs/day X # of years smoked
Patient's with end-stage diseases or illnesses should have what kind of document? -
ANSWER-Advance Directives
What is the normal urine output? - ANSWER-40 mL/hr (1 L/day)
Sensible water loss - ANSWER-Urine or vomiting
Insensible water loss - ANSWER-Lungs (inspiration) and skin (perspiration)
Intake>Output results in: - ANSWER--Weight gain
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Increase hemodynamic pressures
-Decrease lung compliance
Changes in CVP can indicated changes in what? - ANSWER-Fluid balance
Normal CVP value - ANSWER-2-6 mmHg
Decreased CVP (<2) indicates what? Recommendation? - ANSWER-Hypovolemia and
recommend fluid therapy
Increased CVP (>6) indicates what? Recommendation? - ANSWER-Hypervolemia and
recommend diuretics
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
What causes peripheral edema? - ANSWER-CHF and renal failure
Recommendation for peripheral edema - ANSWER-Diuretic therapy
Ascites - ANSWER-Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
What causes ascites? - ANSWER-Liver failure
Clubbing of fingers - ANSWER-Presence of increased angle of the nail bed and skin.
What causes clubbing of fingers? - ANSWER-Chronic hypoxemia
What does clubbing of fingers suggest? - ANSWER-Pulmonary Disease
We do not want to give to much what if a patient has clubbing? - ANSWER-To much
O2; it knocks out their drive to breathe
Venous distention - ANSWER-Increased venous distention and jugular venous
distention
When is venous distention occur and seen? - ANSWER-Occurs with CHF and it's seen
during exhalation in patients with obstructive lung disease
Capillary refill - ANSWER-Blanching of the hand and watching for color to return
What does a capillary refill indicate? - ANSWER-Good or bad peripheral circulation
Capillary refill time is how long? - ANSWER-3 seconds
Diaphoresis - ANSWER-A state of heavy/profuse sweating
Diaphoresis can indicate what? Recommendations for each. - ANSWER-Heart failure -
diuretics, inotropic agents
Fever, infection - antibiotics
Anxiety, nervousness - sedatives
Tuberculosis/night sweats - antitubercular drugs
Ashen/pallor skin indicates: - ANSWER-Anemia or acute blood loss (vasoconstriction)
Jaundice - ANSWER-Yellow, Increased bilirubin level in blood and tissue
,Erythemia - ANSWER-Redness of skin, because of capillary congestion, inflammation,
or infection
Cyanosis - ANSWER-Blue or grey, caused by hypoxia from increased amount of
reduced hemoglobin
Normal A-P diameter - ANSWER-Straight spine, no kyphosis or scoliosis
Pectus Carinatum - ANSWER-Anterior protrusion of the sternum
Pectus Excavatum - ANSWER-Depression of part of or the entire sternum
Kyphosis - ANSWER-Convex curvature of spine (leaning forward or humpback)
Scoliosis - ANSWER-Lateral curvature of the spine (side to side or S shaped)
Kyphoscoliosis - ANSWER-Combination of both kyphosis and scoliosis causes a
restrictive pattern and reduced lung volumes
Barrel Chest - ANSWER-Results from airtrapping in the lungs for a long period of time
Barrel chest is also known as: - ANSWER-Hyperinflated or increased A-P diameter
Barrel chest is caused by - ANSWER-COPD
Unequal (asymmetrical) movement of the chest/diaphragm can indicate: - ANSWER--
post lung resection (pneumonectomy)
-atelectasis
-pneumothorax
-flail chest
-endotracheal tube inserted into the right or left mainstem bronchi
Flail chest - ANSWER-paradoxical chest movement
Eupnea - ANSWER-Normal breathing
Tachypnea - ANSWER-Increased respiratory rate
-Caused by hypoxia, fever, pain, CNS problem
Bradypnea - ANSWER-Also known as oligopnea, decreased respiratory rate
-caused by sleep (normal), drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorders
Apnea - ANSWER-Not breathing
Four Life Functions - ANSWER-Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, and Perfusion
, Vital signs for Ventilation (Life Function) - ANSWER-RR, Vt, chest movement, breath
sounds, PaCO2, EtCO2
Vital signs for Oxygenation (Life function) - ANSWER-Heart rate, color, sensorium,
PaO2, and SpO2
Vital Signs for Circulation (Life function) - ANSWER-Heart rate, strength, and cardiac
output
Vital Signs for Perfusion (Life Function) - ANSWER-Blood pressure, sensorium,
temperature, urine output, and hemodynamics
Which life function most often is a problem? - ANSWER-Oxygenation
Sensorium - ANSWER-Level of the patient's consciousness
Signs are what type of information? - ANSWER-Objective
Symptoms are what type of information? - ANSWER-Subjective
Pack years equation - ANSWER-Pack Years = # of packs/day X # of years smoked
Patient's with end-stage diseases or illnesses should have what kind of document? -
ANSWER-Advance Directives
What is the normal urine output? - ANSWER-40 mL/hr (1 L/day)
Sensible water loss - ANSWER-Urine or vomiting
Insensible water loss - ANSWER-Lungs (inspiration) and skin (perspiration)
Intake>Output results in: - ANSWER--Weight gain
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Increase hemodynamic pressures
-Decrease lung compliance
Changes in CVP can indicated changes in what? - ANSWER-Fluid balance
Normal CVP value - ANSWER-2-6 mmHg
Decreased CVP (<2) indicates what? Recommendation? - ANSWER-Hypovolemia and
recommend fluid therapy
Increased CVP (>6) indicates what? Recommendation? - ANSWER-Hypervolemia and
recommend diuretics
