Perinatal Mental Health Certification Questions
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
1. What are the common CBT components?
Collaborative approach (we are in this together. there is hope). Relaxation training (diaphragmatic
breathing, progressive muscle relaxation). Education about the CBT model.
2. Anxiety = ?
Anxiety= Perceived danger/coping skills
With anxiety we overestimate the amount of danger or the threat. We underestimate our coping tools
and ability to cope.
3. Features of CBT Model?
Thoughts, feelings, behaviors, physical reactions their relationships.
4. List some common CBT components.
Assertiveness training (learning how to ask for what you need), fostering resilience,
desensitization/exposure therapy (can be imaginal exposure), cognitive restructuring
5. What is cognitive restructuring (used in CBT)?
Identify automatic thoughts ("I'm a bad mom"), connection between thoughts and feelings, evaluate
thoughts/look for cognitive distortions (where is the evidence? Is it accurate? Is it true? Is it helpful?),
Explore and modify underlying beliefs, Develop alternate perspectives.
6. What are some common CBT tools?
relaxation, psychoeducation, activity scheduling, behavior rehearsal, thought-stopping techniques, social
skills training, questioning the evidence , mental imagery, de-catastrophizing, cognitive rehearsal,
homework assignments, thought record
7. What is interpersonal therapy?
A type of treatment for patients with depression which focuses on the past and present social roles and
interpersonal interactions. During treatment, the therapist generally chooses one or two problem areas
in the patient's current life to focus on. IPT is based on attachment theory. Time limited therapy (12-16
weeks).
8. What are the goals of interpersonal therapy (IPT)?
,symptom relief and reintegration. Improve interpersonal communication to get one's needs met.
Developing a social support network. Role-playing, assertiveness skills. Conjoint sessions with partner
for communication analysis
9. What are the 3 target areas of grief addressed in IPT?
Grief: What have I lost?
-Facilitate the mourning process (grieve the loss of the old role, poor adaptation to the new role,
rejection of the new role)
-Identify feelings and normalize experiences (loss of independence)
-Explore conflicted feelings about the losses
10. What are the target areas of role transitions in IPT?
-Identify psychosocial and physiological changes
-Recognition of life-cycle and social transitions (transition to parenting role)
-Acquisition of new coping skills (decision to stay home or work)
-Develop new attachments ad social supports (need for social support in the new role)
11. What are the target areas of interpersonal role disputes in IPT?
Modify communication patterns, reevaluate expectations in relationships, learn to effectively
communicate needs to others, often involves couples counseling (discuss unmet expectations about
infant care, discuss intimacy including sexuality, negotiation skills)
12. What is attachment?
How a baby is emotionally and physically attached to a caregiver. Developed by Bowlby and expanded
by Mary Ainsworth.
13. Who is the "Grandmother" of Infant Mental Health
Selma Fraiburg- believed that parents bring ghosts and angels from their experience of being parented
into their own baby's nursery.
14. What is the prevalence for domestic violence?
1 in 4 for women and 1 in 9 for men experience intimate partner physical violence, sexual violence,
and/or intimate partner stalking
15. What do the domestic violence rates look like for the LGBTQ community?
Similar to heterosexual woman, 25%
16. What are the rates of domestic violence during pregnancy?
30% emotional abuse, 15% physical abuse, 8% sexual abuse
17. What is the most commonly cited non-biological "cause" of PMAD's?
marital disharmony. Couples therapy helps.
, 18. What should be considered when decided whether or not medication should be provided
during pregnancy?
Risk of treatment vs. Risk of untreated maternal psychiatric illness (risk/benefit analysis)
19. What is omission bias?
physicians feel more responsible for causing harm if it results from something they do (e.g. prescribe a
medication) than if it results from something they fail to do.
20. What are relational ethics?
both mother and fetus need to be cared for.
21. Pregnancy labeling uses 5 categories for the FDA. A,B,C,D, and X. What should be understood
-The categories can confuse physicians. The risk does not increase from category A to B and so on. The
FDA is phasing in risk summaries and clinical considerations. The studies are based on animal data.
There are no randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials.
22. Do antidepressants increase the risk of perinatal loss?
No increased risk with SSRI's in first trimester.
23. What is the risk of congenital anomalies when using antidepressants during pregnancy?
3% in general population. SSRI's do NOT increase this baseline risk. Most studied medication in
pregnancy and there have been NO consistent fetal malformations or abnormalities documented with
any SSRI's.
24. Is there a risk of cardiac malformations with antidepressants used during pregnancy?
large study suggests no substantial increase in risk in first trimester. No increased risk after adjustment
for psychiatric and medical illness and other medication. With the exception of paroxetine (Paxil) which
remains unclear.
25. Do antidepressants increase the risk of preterm birth?
Meta-analyses found that it can increase risk of premature birth, especially in 3rd trimester.
26. What did studies comparing psychiatric symptoms to antidepressant exposure find with
antidepressants?
The same or less risk of preterm birth with antidepressants.
27. Women who continued _____________ while pregnant had no increased risk of premature
labor compared to women who stopped antidepressants while pregnant.
antidepressants
28. What is the average reduction in gestational age and weight with antidepressant exposure
during pregnancy?
With Complete Solutions|100% Correct|New
Brand!!!
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1. What are the common CBT components?
Collaborative approach (we are in this together. there is hope). Relaxation training (diaphragmatic
breathing, progressive muscle relaxation). Education about the CBT model.
2. Anxiety = ?
Anxiety= Perceived danger/coping skills
With anxiety we overestimate the amount of danger or the threat. We underestimate our coping tools
and ability to cope.
3. Features of CBT Model?
Thoughts, feelings, behaviors, physical reactions their relationships.
4. List some common CBT components.
Assertiveness training (learning how to ask for what you need), fostering resilience,
desensitization/exposure therapy (can be imaginal exposure), cognitive restructuring
5. What is cognitive restructuring (used in CBT)?
Identify automatic thoughts ("I'm a bad mom"), connection between thoughts and feelings, evaluate
thoughts/look for cognitive distortions (where is the evidence? Is it accurate? Is it true? Is it helpful?),
Explore and modify underlying beliefs, Develop alternate perspectives.
6. What are some common CBT tools?
relaxation, psychoeducation, activity scheduling, behavior rehearsal, thought-stopping techniques, social
skills training, questioning the evidence , mental imagery, de-catastrophizing, cognitive rehearsal,
homework assignments, thought record
7. What is interpersonal therapy?
A type of treatment for patients with depression which focuses on the past and present social roles and
interpersonal interactions. During treatment, the therapist generally chooses one or two problem areas
in the patient's current life to focus on. IPT is based on attachment theory. Time limited therapy (12-16
weeks).
8. What are the goals of interpersonal therapy (IPT)?
,symptom relief and reintegration. Improve interpersonal communication to get one's needs met.
Developing a social support network. Role-playing, assertiveness skills. Conjoint sessions with partner
for communication analysis
9. What are the 3 target areas of grief addressed in IPT?
Grief: What have I lost?
-Facilitate the mourning process (grieve the loss of the old role, poor adaptation to the new role,
rejection of the new role)
-Identify feelings and normalize experiences (loss of independence)
-Explore conflicted feelings about the losses
10. What are the target areas of role transitions in IPT?
-Identify psychosocial and physiological changes
-Recognition of life-cycle and social transitions (transition to parenting role)
-Acquisition of new coping skills (decision to stay home or work)
-Develop new attachments ad social supports (need for social support in the new role)
11. What are the target areas of interpersonal role disputes in IPT?
Modify communication patterns, reevaluate expectations in relationships, learn to effectively
communicate needs to others, often involves couples counseling (discuss unmet expectations about
infant care, discuss intimacy including sexuality, negotiation skills)
12. What is attachment?
How a baby is emotionally and physically attached to a caregiver. Developed by Bowlby and expanded
by Mary Ainsworth.
13. Who is the "Grandmother" of Infant Mental Health
Selma Fraiburg- believed that parents bring ghosts and angels from their experience of being parented
into their own baby's nursery.
14. What is the prevalence for domestic violence?
1 in 4 for women and 1 in 9 for men experience intimate partner physical violence, sexual violence,
and/or intimate partner stalking
15. What do the domestic violence rates look like for the LGBTQ community?
Similar to heterosexual woman, 25%
16. What are the rates of domestic violence during pregnancy?
30% emotional abuse, 15% physical abuse, 8% sexual abuse
17. What is the most commonly cited non-biological "cause" of PMAD's?
marital disharmony. Couples therapy helps.
, 18. What should be considered when decided whether or not medication should be provided
during pregnancy?
Risk of treatment vs. Risk of untreated maternal psychiatric illness (risk/benefit analysis)
19. What is omission bias?
physicians feel more responsible for causing harm if it results from something they do (e.g. prescribe a
medication) than if it results from something they fail to do.
20. What are relational ethics?
both mother and fetus need to be cared for.
21. Pregnancy labeling uses 5 categories for the FDA. A,B,C,D, and X. What should be understood
-The categories can confuse physicians. The risk does not increase from category A to B and so on. The
FDA is phasing in risk summaries and clinical considerations. The studies are based on animal data.
There are no randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials.
22. Do antidepressants increase the risk of perinatal loss?
No increased risk with SSRI's in first trimester.
23. What is the risk of congenital anomalies when using antidepressants during pregnancy?
3% in general population. SSRI's do NOT increase this baseline risk. Most studied medication in
pregnancy and there have been NO consistent fetal malformations or abnormalities documented with
any SSRI's.
24. Is there a risk of cardiac malformations with antidepressants used during pregnancy?
large study suggests no substantial increase in risk in first trimester. No increased risk after adjustment
for psychiatric and medical illness and other medication. With the exception of paroxetine (Paxil) which
remains unclear.
25. Do antidepressants increase the risk of preterm birth?
Meta-analyses found that it can increase risk of premature birth, especially in 3rd trimester.
26. What did studies comparing psychiatric symptoms to antidepressant exposure find with
antidepressants?
The same or less risk of preterm birth with antidepressants.
27. Women who continued _____________ while pregnant had no increased risk of premature
labor compared to women who stopped antidepressants while pregnant.
antidepressants
28. What is the average reduction in gestational age and weight with antidepressant exposure
during pregnancy?
