PS381 Midterm 2 Exam | QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS| LATEST
UPDATE 100% VERIFIED
How do situationists determine how situation effects behaviour? By subtracting the
variance explained by personality from the total variance (e.g., 1-3)
The shortcomings of the Situationist Approach If situationsists claim that all variance due to
personality characterists, and the rest situation they are missing on different factors (people
have more than one personality characteristic when facing a problem).
Problems with Mischel for the situationist approach Was very selective looking for studies
that supported his view (.4 level trait-behaviour are more frequently found then .3)
Self-monitoring People vary in the extent to which they alter their behaviour to fit the
situation
Culturally Appropriate Assessment Use measures that have been validated for the specific
group. Consult published norms in interpreting findings. Use multiple assessment methods to
reduce bias.
Culturally Appropriate Assessment: When there are no measures validated for use with a
specific group Avoid using scores. Use tests to generate hypothesis only. Explicity
acknowledge questionable validity of test with this group.
Questions to ask when developing culturally useful measures Is the content applicable
across different groups? Are constructus related insimilar ways across different groups? DO the
cut-off scores developed with one group apply to the other group?
Clinical Utility THe extent to which a test and resulting data improve upon typicaly clinical
decision-making and treatment outcomes.
,Do assessment measures predict response to treatment? (Clinical Utility) Using tests that
are useful for assessing disorders and personality funcitoning does not seem to contribute to
how well a person will do in therapy but it can help guide treatment if you use evidence-based
treatments.
What are the different types of self-report personality measures? Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI-2-RF, MMPI-3), Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), NEO-PI-R,
Million Personality Inventory, California Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Perfectionism
Inventory.
MMPI-2 First published in 1989. Is increasingly being replaced by more recent tests such as
the MMPI-2-RF and the MMPI-3
What does the MMPI-2 Test contain 565 items answer T/F or cannot say. Includes 7 validity
scales. Includes clinical scales such as depression, anxiety, paranoia, schizophrenia, etc. Score
by computer, interpret pattern of responses.
What is the MMPI-2-RF First published in 2008. 338 statements about the self. Answer T/F.
9 validity scales, 42 other scales.
MMPI Criterion Keying Developed many of the scales by looking for different patterns of
response to quesitions or problems. E.g. comparing the responses to someone depressed vs no
(use differences to create depression subscale)
MMPI-3 Published in 2020. 355 items in MMPI-3 vs 565 in MMPI-2. Includes validity scores.
Scoring is based on pattern of respones. Computer scored.
Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) Similar to MMPI. 344 items. 4 dimensions: false,
slightly true, mainly true. very true.
Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI): Types of scales Validity. Clinical. Treatment
consideration scales: SUI, AGG, RXR, STRESS, NON. Interpersonal Scales: DOM and WRM
, NEO-PI-R Developed by McCrae and Costa. Meausres the personality factors in the 5 factor
model of personality.
What are the five-factor model of personality Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion,
agreeableness, and neuroticism
How does the NEO-PI-R 240 items, used more in research than critical settins. Based on
model of healthy functioning (may not be relevant to work on clinical populations). Absence of
validity scales. Has incremental validity for assessing personality disorders.
What is the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV? A psychological assessment tool with 195
true/false statements.
When was the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV published? 2015
What does the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV primarily assess? Personality disorders.
What are some personality pathologies included in the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV
that are not currently in the DSM? Self-defeating personality, negative/passive-aggressive
personality, depressive personality.
What clinical scales are included in the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV? Scales for
depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
What are the two versions of the California Psychological Inventory? CPI-434 and CPI-260
What does the California Psychological Inventory emphasize? The positive aspects of
personality
UPDATE 100% VERIFIED
How do situationists determine how situation effects behaviour? By subtracting the
variance explained by personality from the total variance (e.g., 1-3)
The shortcomings of the Situationist Approach If situationsists claim that all variance due to
personality characterists, and the rest situation they are missing on different factors (people
have more than one personality characteristic when facing a problem).
Problems with Mischel for the situationist approach Was very selective looking for studies
that supported his view (.4 level trait-behaviour are more frequently found then .3)
Self-monitoring People vary in the extent to which they alter their behaviour to fit the
situation
Culturally Appropriate Assessment Use measures that have been validated for the specific
group. Consult published norms in interpreting findings. Use multiple assessment methods to
reduce bias.
Culturally Appropriate Assessment: When there are no measures validated for use with a
specific group Avoid using scores. Use tests to generate hypothesis only. Explicity
acknowledge questionable validity of test with this group.
Questions to ask when developing culturally useful measures Is the content applicable
across different groups? Are constructus related insimilar ways across different groups? DO the
cut-off scores developed with one group apply to the other group?
Clinical Utility THe extent to which a test and resulting data improve upon typicaly clinical
decision-making and treatment outcomes.
,Do assessment measures predict response to treatment? (Clinical Utility) Using tests that
are useful for assessing disorders and personality funcitoning does not seem to contribute to
how well a person will do in therapy but it can help guide treatment if you use evidence-based
treatments.
What are the different types of self-report personality measures? Minnesota Multiphasic
Personality Inventory (MMPI-2-RF, MMPI-3), Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), NEO-PI-R,
Million Personality Inventory, California Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Perfectionism
Inventory.
MMPI-2 First published in 1989. Is increasingly being replaced by more recent tests such as
the MMPI-2-RF and the MMPI-3
What does the MMPI-2 Test contain 565 items answer T/F or cannot say. Includes 7 validity
scales. Includes clinical scales such as depression, anxiety, paranoia, schizophrenia, etc. Score
by computer, interpret pattern of responses.
What is the MMPI-2-RF First published in 2008. 338 statements about the self. Answer T/F.
9 validity scales, 42 other scales.
MMPI Criterion Keying Developed many of the scales by looking for different patterns of
response to quesitions or problems. E.g. comparing the responses to someone depressed vs no
(use differences to create depression subscale)
MMPI-3 Published in 2020. 355 items in MMPI-3 vs 565 in MMPI-2. Includes validity scores.
Scoring is based on pattern of respones. Computer scored.
Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) Similar to MMPI. 344 items. 4 dimensions: false,
slightly true, mainly true. very true.
Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI): Types of scales Validity. Clinical. Treatment
consideration scales: SUI, AGG, RXR, STRESS, NON. Interpersonal Scales: DOM and WRM
, NEO-PI-R Developed by McCrae and Costa. Meausres the personality factors in the 5 factor
model of personality.
What are the five-factor model of personality Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion,
agreeableness, and neuroticism
How does the NEO-PI-R 240 items, used more in research than critical settins. Based on
model of healthy functioning (may not be relevant to work on clinical populations). Absence of
validity scales. Has incremental validity for assessing personality disorders.
What is the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV? A psychological assessment tool with 195
true/false statements.
When was the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV published? 2015
What does the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV primarily assess? Personality disorders.
What are some personality pathologies included in the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV
that are not currently in the DSM? Self-defeating personality, negative/passive-aggressive
personality, depressive personality.
What clinical scales are included in the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV? Scales for
depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
What are the two versions of the California Psychological Inventory? CPI-434 and CPI-260
What does the California Psychological Inventory emphasize? The positive aspects of
personality
