ATCN 2020 Chapter 3 Shock Exam
questions with verified correct detailed
answers latest update 2025
____________________________ is the most common cause of shock in
trauma patients --- correct answers ---Hemorrhage
Cardiac Output is comprised of what two things? --- correct answers -
--Cardiac Output = Heart rate x stroke volume
Stroke Volume is classically determined by: --- correct answers ---
Preload, myocardial contractility, and afterload
Define Preload - --- correct answers ---Is the filling of the ventricles,
volume of venous blood returning to the left and right side fo the
heart, is determined by venous capacitance, volume status, and the
difference between mean venous systemic pressure and right arterial
pressure.
Nearly __________________% of the bodies total blood volume is
estimated to be in the venous circuit --- correct answers ---70% of the
blood volume
,Compliance of the venous system involves a relationship between
_________________________________ and venous return to the heart.
--- correct answers ---Compliance of the venous system involves a
relationship between venous volume and venous return to the heart.
This pressure gradient drives blood flow and therefore the volume of
venous return to the heart.
Myocardial Contractility Defined --- correct answers ---All chambers
contract. Starlings Law - muscle fiber length is related to the
contractile properties of myocardial tissue.
After Load - Defined --- correct answers ---Pressure against the walls
of the aorta and systemic arteries. Simply stated, afterload is
resistance to the forward flow of blood.
Earlier circulatory responses to blood loss are compensatory and
include: --- correct answers ---Progressive vasoconstriction of
cutaneous, muscular and visceral circulation to preserve blood flow to
the kidneys, heart and brain.
, The usual response to acute circulation blood volume depletion is ---
correct answers ---Tachycardia - in an attempt to preserve cardiac
output
The release of
__________________________________________________ increases
peripheral vascular resistance, which in turn increases diastolic
pressure and reduces pulse pressure. How ever this increase in
pressure does little to increase organ & tissue perfusion. --- correct
answers ---Endogenous Catacholamines
The most effective method of restoring adequate cardiac output, end
organ perfusion, and tissue oxygenation is to: --- correct answers ---
Restore venous return to normal by locating and stopping the source
of bleeding. Volume repletion will allow recovery from the shock state
only when the bleeding has stopped.
At the cellular level, inadequately perfused and poorly oxygenated
cells shift from ______________________________ to
_________________________________ resulting in the formation of
rising lactic acid levels and the development of metabolic acidosis. ---
correct answers ---At the cellular level, inadequately perfused and
poorly oxygenated cells shift from aerobic metabolism to anaerobic
questions with verified correct detailed
answers latest update 2025
____________________________ is the most common cause of shock in
trauma patients --- correct answers ---Hemorrhage
Cardiac Output is comprised of what two things? --- correct answers -
--Cardiac Output = Heart rate x stroke volume
Stroke Volume is classically determined by: --- correct answers ---
Preload, myocardial contractility, and afterload
Define Preload - --- correct answers ---Is the filling of the ventricles,
volume of venous blood returning to the left and right side fo the
heart, is determined by venous capacitance, volume status, and the
difference between mean venous systemic pressure and right arterial
pressure.
Nearly __________________% of the bodies total blood volume is
estimated to be in the venous circuit --- correct answers ---70% of the
blood volume
,Compliance of the venous system involves a relationship between
_________________________________ and venous return to the heart.
--- correct answers ---Compliance of the venous system involves a
relationship between venous volume and venous return to the heart.
This pressure gradient drives blood flow and therefore the volume of
venous return to the heart.
Myocardial Contractility Defined --- correct answers ---All chambers
contract. Starlings Law - muscle fiber length is related to the
contractile properties of myocardial tissue.
After Load - Defined --- correct answers ---Pressure against the walls
of the aorta and systemic arteries. Simply stated, afterload is
resistance to the forward flow of blood.
Earlier circulatory responses to blood loss are compensatory and
include: --- correct answers ---Progressive vasoconstriction of
cutaneous, muscular and visceral circulation to preserve blood flow to
the kidneys, heart and brain.
, The usual response to acute circulation blood volume depletion is ---
correct answers ---Tachycardia - in an attempt to preserve cardiac
output
The release of
__________________________________________________ increases
peripheral vascular resistance, which in turn increases diastolic
pressure and reduces pulse pressure. How ever this increase in
pressure does little to increase organ & tissue perfusion. --- correct
answers ---Endogenous Catacholamines
The most effective method of restoring adequate cardiac output, end
organ perfusion, and tissue oxygenation is to: --- correct answers ---
Restore venous return to normal by locating and stopping the source
of bleeding. Volume repletion will allow recovery from the shock state
only when the bleeding has stopped.
At the cellular level, inadequately perfused and poorly oxygenated
cells shift from ______________________________ to
_________________________________ resulting in the formation of
rising lactic acid levels and the development of metabolic acidosis. ---
correct answers ---At the cellular level, inadequately perfused and
poorly oxygenated cells shift from aerobic metabolism to anaerobic
