ENDOCRINE SYSTEM MULTIPLE
CHOICE (CH.18) COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Atrial natriuretic peptide...
A) is secreted by the kidneys.
B) promotes ADH release.
C) promotes sodium ion loss and water loss.
D) increases blood pressure. - ANSWER-promotes sodium ion loss and water loss
(natriuretic [na: sodium] [-iuretic: diuretic])
Alpha cells in the pancreatic islets secrete...
A) somatostatin.
B) insulin.
C) calcitriol.
D) glucagon. - ANSWER-glucagon
Glucagon...
A) lowers blood sugar.
B) increases glycogen production.
C) raises blood sugar.
D) all of the above. - ANSWER-raises blood sugar
Insulin...
A) lowers blood glucose.
B) stimulates glycogen production.
C) increases protein synthesis.
D) all of the above. - ANSWER-all of the above
The primary regulatory hormones of the reproductive system are...
A) testosterone and estrogen.
B) follicle-stimulating hormone & luteinizing hormone.
C) calcitonin and calcitriol.
D) insulin and glucagon. - ANSWER-follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing
hormone
When two hormones have additive effects, we say they are...
A) integrative.
B) antagonistic.
C) permissive.
, D) synergistic. - ANSWER-synergistic
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the nervous and endocrine
systems?
A) Both share many chemical messengers. For example, epinephrine is both a
hormone and a neurotransmitter.
B) Both systems rely on the release of chemicals that bind to specific receptors on
their target cells.
C) Both share a common goal of preserving homeostasis.
D) Both secrete the shared chemicals into the circulatory system for travel
throughout the body. - ANSWER-Both secrete the shared chemicals into the
circulatory system for travel throughout the body.
Which one of these is not one of the mechanisms by which G-proteins work?
A) Activation of adenylate cyclase and formation of cAMP
B) Inhibition of cellular activities through inhibition of cAMP production
C) Increased breakdown of cAMP through deactivation of phosphodiesterase
D) Activation of phospholipase C and opening of calcium ion channels - ANSWER-
Increased breakdown of cAMP through deactivation of phosphodiesterase
Which of these improperly links terms and actions concerned with hormone effects?
A) Inositol triphosphate (IP3)—second messenger that triggers release of calcium
ions from cell's reserves
B) Amplification—binding of hormone to receptor releases thousands of second
messengers in cell
C) Cyclic GMP (cGMP)—one of the most important second messengers
D) Diacylglycerol (DAG)—protein that binds to calcium ions and activates
cytoplasmic enzymes
E) Cyclic AMP (cAMP)—common second messenger that activates key enzymes -
ANSWER-Diacylglycerol (DAG)—protein that binds to calcium ions and activates
cytoplasmic enzymes
Which of the following would stimulate the production of thyroid-releasing hormone?
A) Increased levels of ATP production in the body
B) Higher-than-normal body temperature
C) Increased levels of T3 and T4 in blood
D) Lower-than-normal body temperatures
E) None of the above - ANSWER-Lower-than-normal body temperatures
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the hypothalamus and is released at
the ...
A) infundibulum.
B) anterior pituitary.
C) neurohypophysis.
D) pars intermedia. - ANSWER-neurohypophysis
CHOICE (CH.18) COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Atrial natriuretic peptide...
A) is secreted by the kidneys.
B) promotes ADH release.
C) promotes sodium ion loss and water loss.
D) increases blood pressure. - ANSWER-promotes sodium ion loss and water loss
(natriuretic [na: sodium] [-iuretic: diuretic])
Alpha cells in the pancreatic islets secrete...
A) somatostatin.
B) insulin.
C) calcitriol.
D) glucagon. - ANSWER-glucagon
Glucagon...
A) lowers blood sugar.
B) increases glycogen production.
C) raises blood sugar.
D) all of the above. - ANSWER-raises blood sugar
Insulin...
A) lowers blood glucose.
B) stimulates glycogen production.
C) increases protein synthesis.
D) all of the above. - ANSWER-all of the above
The primary regulatory hormones of the reproductive system are...
A) testosterone and estrogen.
B) follicle-stimulating hormone & luteinizing hormone.
C) calcitonin and calcitriol.
D) insulin and glucagon. - ANSWER-follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing
hormone
When two hormones have additive effects, we say they are...
A) integrative.
B) antagonistic.
C) permissive.
, D) synergistic. - ANSWER-synergistic
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the nervous and endocrine
systems?
A) Both share many chemical messengers. For example, epinephrine is both a
hormone and a neurotransmitter.
B) Both systems rely on the release of chemicals that bind to specific receptors on
their target cells.
C) Both share a common goal of preserving homeostasis.
D) Both secrete the shared chemicals into the circulatory system for travel
throughout the body. - ANSWER-Both secrete the shared chemicals into the
circulatory system for travel throughout the body.
Which one of these is not one of the mechanisms by which G-proteins work?
A) Activation of adenylate cyclase and formation of cAMP
B) Inhibition of cellular activities through inhibition of cAMP production
C) Increased breakdown of cAMP through deactivation of phosphodiesterase
D) Activation of phospholipase C and opening of calcium ion channels - ANSWER-
Increased breakdown of cAMP through deactivation of phosphodiesterase
Which of these improperly links terms and actions concerned with hormone effects?
A) Inositol triphosphate (IP3)—second messenger that triggers release of calcium
ions from cell's reserves
B) Amplification—binding of hormone to receptor releases thousands of second
messengers in cell
C) Cyclic GMP (cGMP)—one of the most important second messengers
D) Diacylglycerol (DAG)—protein that binds to calcium ions and activates
cytoplasmic enzymes
E) Cyclic AMP (cAMP)—common second messenger that activates key enzymes -
ANSWER-Diacylglycerol (DAG)—protein that binds to calcium ions and activates
cytoplasmic enzymes
Which of the following would stimulate the production of thyroid-releasing hormone?
A) Increased levels of ATP production in the body
B) Higher-than-normal body temperature
C) Increased levels of T3 and T4 in blood
D) Lower-than-normal body temperatures
E) None of the above - ANSWER-Lower-than-normal body temperatures
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the hypothalamus and is released at
the ...
A) infundibulum.
B) anterior pituitary.
C) neurohypophysis.
D) pars intermedia. - ANSWER-neurohypophysis
