MIP 300 EXAM 1 KEY CONCEPTS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
(GRADED A+)
1. Compare and Contrast Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
✔✔
Prokaryotic Cells:
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
May contain plasmids
Examples: Bacteria, Archaea
Eukaryotic Cells:
Contain a true nucleus
Have membrane-bound organelles (e.g., Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic
reticulum, ribosomes)
May also contain plasmids
Examples: Fungi, Protozoa, Algae
2. List 4 Types of Cellular Microbes and One Example of Each
✔✔
1. Fungi – Yeast
2. Algae – Red algae
3. Bacteria – Escherichia coli (E. coli)
4. Protozoa – Giardia lamblia
3. List 2 Types of Acellular Microbes and What They're Made Of
✔✔
1. Viruses – Composed of proteins and nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
2. Prions – Made entirely of misfolded proteins
4. What is a "Transitional Organism"? Give an Example
✔✔
A transitional organism displays traits between two major groups, suggesting an
evolutionary link.
, Example: Protozoa are eukaryotic but share features with prokaryotes, such as
lacking some complex organelles.
5. How Are All Living Things Classified?
✔✔
Living organisms are classified into five kingdoms, but more commonly by three
domains:
1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya – Organisms with a true nucleus
6. How Are Bacteria Scientifically Named?
✔✔
Each bacterium is named using binomial nomenclature:
Genus (capitalized) and species (lowercase)
Italicized (or underlined when handwritten)
May include a strain designation (e.g., E. coli K12)
7. How Is a Bacterial Genus Further Subdivided?
✔✔
Within a genus, bacteria are divided into species based on genetic similarity and
stable traits.
Species may have strains, which are subgroups with slight genetic differences but
common core features.
8. Describe how a bacterial species are further broken down into groups. -
ANSWER✔✔Genetic variants and nomenclatures
1. Relate resolving power of a microscope to microbe size. - ANSWER✔✔AKA:
resolution power can distinguish two microbes that are close together
2. Explain which microbes can be seen using a light microscope and which ones
cannot and why. - ANSWER✔✔Only for bacteria that can be stained since the
light can differentiate the colors from the background
3. Put microbes in order based on their size from smallest to largest. -
ANSWER✔✔Viruses are the smallest
Bacteria
Epithelial cells
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
(GRADED A+)
1. Compare and Contrast Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
✔✔
Prokaryotic Cells:
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
May contain plasmids
Examples: Bacteria, Archaea
Eukaryotic Cells:
Contain a true nucleus
Have membrane-bound organelles (e.g., Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic
reticulum, ribosomes)
May also contain plasmids
Examples: Fungi, Protozoa, Algae
2. List 4 Types of Cellular Microbes and One Example of Each
✔✔
1. Fungi – Yeast
2. Algae – Red algae
3. Bacteria – Escherichia coli (E. coli)
4. Protozoa – Giardia lamblia
3. List 2 Types of Acellular Microbes and What They're Made Of
✔✔
1. Viruses – Composed of proteins and nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
2. Prions – Made entirely of misfolded proteins
4. What is a "Transitional Organism"? Give an Example
✔✔
A transitional organism displays traits between two major groups, suggesting an
evolutionary link.
, Example: Protozoa are eukaryotic but share features with prokaryotes, such as
lacking some complex organelles.
5. How Are All Living Things Classified?
✔✔
Living organisms are classified into five kingdoms, but more commonly by three
domains:
1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya – Organisms with a true nucleus
6. How Are Bacteria Scientifically Named?
✔✔
Each bacterium is named using binomial nomenclature:
Genus (capitalized) and species (lowercase)
Italicized (or underlined when handwritten)
May include a strain designation (e.g., E. coli K12)
7. How Is a Bacterial Genus Further Subdivided?
✔✔
Within a genus, bacteria are divided into species based on genetic similarity and
stable traits.
Species may have strains, which are subgroups with slight genetic differences but
common core features.
8. Describe how a bacterial species are further broken down into groups. -
ANSWER✔✔Genetic variants and nomenclatures
1. Relate resolving power of a microscope to microbe size. - ANSWER✔✔AKA:
resolution power can distinguish two microbes that are close together
2. Explain which microbes can be seen using a light microscope and which ones
cannot and why. - ANSWER✔✔Only for bacteria that can be stained since the
light can differentiate the colors from the background
3. Put microbes in order based on their size from smallest to largest. -
ANSWER✔✔Viruses are the smallest
Bacteria
Epithelial cells
