NYSTCE CST Social Studies 2025/2026
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Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican Civilizations - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Maya- 2000
bc- 1697 ad
Aztec-Ethnic groups of central Mexico dominant in large areas of
Mesoamerica in the 14th-16th centuries
Pre-Columbian Andean Civilizations - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inca- largest pre-
columbian empire in 15th-16th centuries
Moche- northern Peru between 100-800- Huaca del Sol
Cañaris- Southern Equador- eventually conquered by Inca
Pilgrims - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔English Separatists who believed there was no
fixing Church of England- embarked on Mayflower in 1620- established
Plymouth plantation
William Bradford - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A Pilgrim, the second governor of the
Plymouth colony, 1621-1657. He developed private land ownership and
1
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,helped colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts,
crop failures, and Indian attacks.
Mayflower Compact - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1620 - The first agreement for self-
government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and
set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
Conquistadors - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Spanish soldiers and explorers who led
military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain- first used
natives as slaves until their populations were decimated by European
disease and overwork- replaced by imported African slaves
Encomienda System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A system whereby the Spanish
crown granted the conquerors the right to tax local Indians or to demand
their labor in exchange for protecting them and teaching them skills, a
disguised form of slavery
Hacienda System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Rural estates in Spanish colonies in
New World; produced agricultural products for consumers in America; basis
of wealth and power for the local aristocracy. Similar to the feudal system,
Natives got money and had to buy their products from their owners
2
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Benedict Arnold - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔American General who was labeled a
traitor when he assisted the British in a failed attempt to take the American
fort at West Point.
Olive Branch Petition - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔On July 8, 1775, the Second
Continental Congress made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be
loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed
the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It
was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American
Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies.
Prohibitory Act - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Following the rejection of the Olive Branch
Petition- Act of Parliament (1775) which removed British protection from the
colonies.
James Madison - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔"Father of the Constitution," Federalist
leader, and fourth President of the United States.
Virginia Plan - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of
government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress
based on their population
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Guaranteed Success | Already Rated A+
Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican Civilizations - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Maya- 2000
bc- 1697 ad
Aztec-Ethnic groups of central Mexico dominant in large areas of
Mesoamerica in the 14th-16th centuries
Pre-Columbian Andean Civilizations - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inca- largest pre-
columbian empire in 15th-16th centuries
Moche- northern Peru between 100-800- Huaca del Sol
Cañaris- Southern Equador- eventually conquered by Inca
Pilgrims - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔English Separatists who believed there was no
fixing Church of England- embarked on Mayflower in 1620- established
Plymouth plantation
William Bradford - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A Pilgrim, the second governor of the
Plymouth colony, 1621-1657. He developed private land ownership and
1
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,helped colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts,
crop failures, and Indian attacks.
Mayflower Compact - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔1620 - The first agreement for self-
government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and
set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
Conquistadors - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Spanish soldiers and explorers who led
military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain- first used
natives as slaves until their populations were decimated by European
disease and overwork- replaced by imported African slaves
Encomienda System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A system whereby the Spanish
crown granted the conquerors the right to tax local Indians or to demand
their labor in exchange for protecting them and teaching them skills, a
disguised form of slavery
Hacienda System - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Rural estates in Spanish colonies in
New World; produced agricultural products for consumers in America; basis
of wealth and power for the local aristocracy. Similar to the feudal system,
Natives got money and had to buy their products from their owners
2
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Benedict Arnold - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔American General who was labeled a
traitor when he assisted the British in a failed attempt to take the American
fort at West Point.
Olive Branch Petition - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔On July 8, 1775, the Second
Continental Congress made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be
loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed
the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It
was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American
Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies.
Prohibitory Act - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Following the rejection of the Olive Branch
Petition- Act of Parliament (1775) which removed British protection from the
colonies.
James Madison - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔"Father of the Constitution," Federalist
leader, and fourth President of the United States.
Virginia Plan - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Virginia delegate James Madison's plan of
government, in which states got a number of representatives in Congress
based on their population
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
