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Variable - ✅✅ any characteristic, attitude, behavior or event that can take on two
or more values or attributes
Visual sociology - ✅✅ uses photographs, video recordings and film either as a
means of gathering data or as sources of data about social life
Cultural relativism - ✅✅ principle that people's beliefs and activities should be
interpreted in terms of their own culture
Ethnocentrism - ✅✅ tendency to judge other cultures using one's own as a
standard
Folkway - ✅✅ informal norm that is mildly punished when violated
Heteronormative culture - ✅✅ heterosexuality is accepted as the normal, taken-
for-granted mode of sexual expression
Institutionalized norm - ✅✅ pattern of behavior within existing social
institutions that is widely accepted in a society
Intersexuals - ✅✅ individuals in whom sexual differentiation is either
incomplete or ambiguous (also known as people with disorders of sexual
development)
, Material culture - ✅✅ artifacts of a society that represent adaptations to the
social and physical environment
Mores - ✅✅ highly codified, formal, systematized norms that bring severe
punishment when violated
Nonmaterial culture - ✅✅ knowledge, beliefs, customs, values, morals and
symbols that are shared by members of a society and that distinguish the society
from others
Sanction - ✅✅ social response that punishes or otherwise discourages violations
of a social norm
Sexual dichotomy - ✅✅ belief that two biological sex categories, male and
female, are permanent, universal, exhaustive and mutually exclusive
Sick role - ✅✅ set of norms governing how one is supposed to behave and what
one is entitled to when sick
Subculture - ✅✅ values, behaviors and artifacts of a group that distinguish its
members from the larger culture
Altruistic suicide - ✅✅ where ties to the group or community are considered
more important than individual identity
Anomic suicide - ✅✅ occurs when the structure of society is weakened or
disrupted and people feel hopeless and disillusioned