AP BIOLOGY: UNIT 6 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Components of a virus - Answer-Small infectious particle that has a nucleic acid, and
enclosed in a protein coat and a membranous envelope
Lytic cycle - Answer-Ends in death of the host cell by rupturing it
Lysogenic cycle - Answer-The bacteriophages DNA becomes incorporating into the host
cells DNA and its replicated along the host cells genome
Gel electrophoresis - Answer-Rapidly analyzes and compares genomes. Lab technique
used to separate macromolecules primarily DNA and proteins.
Bacterial transformation - Answer-Transformation is the process by which foreign DNA
is introduced into a cell. Transformation of bacteria with plasmids is important not only
for studies in bacteria but also because bacteria are used as the means for both storing
and replicating plasmids. Because of this, nearly all plasmids (even those designed for
mammalian cell expression) carry both a bacterial origin of replication and an antibiotic
resistance gene for use as a selectable marker in bacteria.
PCR - Answer-Polymerase chain reaction - used in biotechnology. Produces many
copies of a specific target segment of DNA
Practical applications of DNA technology - Answer-Medical, diagnosis of disease, gene
therapy, pharmaceutical products, forensics, agriculture and environmental clean up
Wilkins and Franklin - Answer-Used a technique called X-ray crystallography to study
molecular structure
James Watson and Crick - Answer-Introduced an elegant double helical model for the
structure of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA
Termination - Answer-Occurs when converging replication forks meet on opposite ends
of parental chromosome.
Replication - Answer-making of DNA from an existing DNA strand
Transcription - Answer-Synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA (making a copy of
a gene)
Translation - Answer-Synthesis of a polypeptide using info in the mRNA (making the
gene a protein)
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Components of a virus - Answer-Small infectious particle that has a nucleic acid, and
enclosed in a protein coat and a membranous envelope
Lytic cycle - Answer-Ends in death of the host cell by rupturing it
Lysogenic cycle - Answer-The bacteriophages DNA becomes incorporating into the host
cells DNA and its replicated along the host cells genome
Gel electrophoresis - Answer-Rapidly analyzes and compares genomes. Lab technique
used to separate macromolecules primarily DNA and proteins.
Bacterial transformation - Answer-Transformation is the process by which foreign DNA
is introduced into a cell. Transformation of bacteria with plasmids is important not only
for studies in bacteria but also because bacteria are used as the means for both storing
and replicating plasmids. Because of this, nearly all plasmids (even those designed for
mammalian cell expression) carry both a bacterial origin of replication and an antibiotic
resistance gene for use as a selectable marker in bacteria.
PCR - Answer-Polymerase chain reaction - used in biotechnology. Produces many
copies of a specific target segment of DNA
Practical applications of DNA technology - Answer-Medical, diagnosis of disease, gene
therapy, pharmaceutical products, forensics, agriculture and environmental clean up
Wilkins and Franklin - Answer-Used a technique called X-ray crystallography to study
molecular structure
James Watson and Crick - Answer-Introduced an elegant double helical model for the
structure of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA
Termination - Answer-Occurs when converging replication forks meet on opposite ends
of parental chromosome.
Replication - Answer-making of DNA from an existing DNA strand
Transcription - Answer-Synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA (making a copy of
a gene)
Translation - Answer-Synthesis of a polypeptide using info in the mRNA (making the
gene a protein)
