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5.0
Nervous System - MCAT Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already
Graded A+
Soma
Ans: neuron cell body
Oligodendrocytes
Ans: cells that produce MYELIN in CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Schwann Cells
Ans: cells that produce MYELIN in the PERIPHERY
Resting Membrane Potential
Ans: about -70mV
inside of neuron is negative relative to outside
Discuss ion concentrations inside neuron.
Ans: [K+] is high inside neuron
[Na+] is low inside neuron
Discuss ion concentrations outside neuron
Ans: [K+] is low inside neuron
Sunday, 02 March 2025
,[Na+] is high inside neuron
K/Na ATPase
Ans: important for restoring chemical gradient after action potential has
been fired
transports 3 Na+ out of cell for every 2 K+ into the cell at the expense of 1 ATP
both Na and K are moved again their gradients thus ATP must be consumed
to restore resting potential
whenever the ATPase pump works, it results in making the interior of the cell
more negative
Depolarization
Ans: caused by excitatory inputs
makes the cell less negative (relatively more positive)
if axon hillock is depolarized to threshold value action potential will be
triggered
hyperpolarization
Ans: caused by inhibatory inputs
occurs when the cell becomes more negative
saltatory conduction
Examstudy - Stuvia US
, Ans: electrical transmission in the neuron's axon as the electrical signal hope
from node to node (node of ranvier)
Speed of Action Potentials
Ans: depends on Axon Length and Cross-sectional area
1. longer axon = higher resitance and slower electrical conduction
2. greater axon diameter = faster signal propagation (greater effect)
myelin is excellent insulator, preventing loss of electrical signal
Action Potential Initiation
Ans: step 1. Na+ chanels respond to depolarization, Na+ moves into the cell
step 2. Na+ channels rapidly close at +35 mV (cell now has positive potential
inside membrane)
step 3. K+ channels open, K+ is driven out of cell (results in restoration of
negative membrane potential inside cell)
step 3 is called REPOLARIZATION
synapse
Ans: the connection between two neurons
presynaptic terminal/neuron - neuron using its axon, neuron BEFORE the
synapse
Examstudy - Stuvia US
In today's fast-paced educational landscape, students need reliable resources to excel in their studies.
5.0
Nervous System - MCAT Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already
Graded A+
Soma
Ans: neuron cell body
Oligodendrocytes
Ans: cells that produce MYELIN in CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Schwann Cells
Ans: cells that produce MYELIN in the PERIPHERY
Resting Membrane Potential
Ans: about -70mV
inside of neuron is negative relative to outside
Discuss ion concentrations inside neuron.
Ans: [K+] is high inside neuron
[Na+] is low inside neuron
Discuss ion concentrations outside neuron
Ans: [K+] is low inside neuron
Sunday, 02 March 2025
,[Na+] is high inside neuron
K/Na ATPase
Ans: important for restoring chemical gradient after action potential has
been fired
transports 3 Na+ out of cell for every 2 K+ into the cell at the expense of 1 ATP
both Na and K are moved again their gradients thus ATP must be consumed
to restore resting potential
whenever the ATPase pump works, it results in making the interior of the cell
more negative
Depolarization
Ans: caused by excitatory inputs
makes the cell less negative (relatively more positive)
if axon hillock is depolarized to threshold value action potential will be
triggered
hyperpolarization
Ans: caused by inhibatory inputs
occurs when the cell becomes more negative
saltatory conduction
Examstudy - Stuvia US
, Ans: electrical transmission in the neuron's axon as the electrical signal hope
from node to node (node of ranvier)
Speed of Action Potentials
Ans: depends on Axon Length and Cross-sectional area
1. longer axon = higher resitance and slower electrical conduction
2. greater axon diameter = faster signal propagation (greater effect)
myelin is excellent insulator, preventing loss of electrical signal
Action Potential Initiation
Ans: step 1. Na+ chanels respond to depolarization, Na+ moves into the cell
step 2. Na+ channels rapidly close at +35 mV (cell now has positive potential
inside membrane)
step 3. K+ channels open, K+ is driven out of cell (results in restoration of
negative membrane potential inside cell)
step 3 is called REPOLARIZATION
synapse
Ans: the connection between two neurons
presynaptic terminal/neuron - neuron using its axon, neuron BEFORE the
synapse
Examstudy - Stuvia US
